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Öğe APPLICATION OF NEAR INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY COMBINED WITH MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS FOR SCREENING FOLIAR MAIN ESSENTIAL OIL COMPONENTS IN BAY LAUREL(Soc Brasil Engenharia Agricola, 2022) Celiktas, Nafiz; Kaya, Alpaslan; Turkmen, MusaGround bay laurel leaf samples (10-15 g) were scanned using Fourier-transform nearinfrared (FT-NIR) spectrometer with reflectance mode in the 1000-2500 nm wavelength range. According to the wet chemical analyses, the essential oil content of the samples from different locations varied between 1.77 and 5.30%. The major component of essential oil was 1-8 cineole with a concentration of 43.4-58.1%. The regression coefficients of calibration (R-C(AL))2 and validation (R-VAL(2)) for essential oil and 1-8 cineol content with partial least square regression (PLSR) actualized as 0.96-0.98 and 0.98-0.98, respectively. The prediction accuracy of the final NIRS model was reasonable, with acceptable root mean standard errors of prediction (RMSEP) of 0.18% and 0.45%. According to the residual predictive deviation (RPD) index (3.58 and 8.41), the accuracy of the NIRS models was regarded as the best. The PLSR model differentiated bay laurel genotypes very well on the first principal component (PC1), based on the related properties.Öğe CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE ESSENTIAL OILS OF SALVIA SPP. LEAVES(Bangladesh Botanical Soc, 2021) Turkmen, MusaThe chemical composition of the hydrodistilled essential oils of four Salvia spp. were analysed by GC-MS. Three of them (Salvia aramiensis Rech. fil., Salvia fruticosa Mill., Salvia tomentosa Mill.) analyzed in this study grow naturally in the Hatay flora. On the other hand, S. aramiensis is an endemic plant in Hatay flora. Fourth species (Salvia officinalis L.) is not growing in the flora of Turkey, but is only cultivated. The highest essential oil content (5.31%) was found in S. aramiensis and the least 1.68% was detected in S. officinalis. Eucalyptol was the main constituent for S. aramiensis, S. fruticosa and S. tomentosa. While this component was 58.65% in S. aramiensis, it was determined as 44.70 and 34.97% in S. tomentosa and S. fruticosa, respectively. In S. officinalis, the main constituent was determined as delta-Thujone (33.83%) and camphor (21.46%). Eucalyptol has been identified as the main composition in sage species which is grown in flora.Öğe Combining non-destructive devices and multivariate analysis as a tool to quantify the fatty acid profiles of linseed genotypes(Elsevier B.V., 2025) Arslan, Aysel; Aygun, Yusuf Ziya; Turkmen, Musa; Celiktas, Nafiz; Mert, MehmetLinseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) and linseed oil, with a fatty acid profile rich in both macro and micro elements, are recognized as functional foods due to their valuable positive effects on health. Fatty acids composition (FAC) is a key indicator in assessing the quality of linseeds. The FAC of linseed is typically determined using chromatographic methods, yielding highly accurate results. However, chromatographic methods entail drawbacks such as requiring pre-chemical processes, generating chemical waste, and being both expensive and time-consuming, similar to chemical analyses. This study focused on the feasibility of colorimeter and FT-NIRS data to determine the FAC (%), protein (%) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF %) in linseed samples. By employing the PLSR analysis based on FT-NIRS, it was determined that the ratios of stearic (R2val = 0.74, RMSEP = 0.09 %), oleic (R2val = 0.75, RMSEP = 0.26 %), linoleic (R2val = 0.85, RMSEP = 0.58 %), linolenic (R2val = 0.71, RMSEP = 1.07 %), 8,11,14 eicosatrienoic (R2val = 0.77, RMSEP = 0.02 %), margaric (R2val = 0.71, RMSEP = 0.01 %), myristic (R2val = 0.75, RMSEP = 0.02 %), and behenic (R2val = 0.74, RMSEP = 1.12 %) in linseed could be successfully predicted. Furthermore, results demonstrated that the protein (R2val = 0.87, RMSEP = 0.9 %) and NDF (R2val = 0.90, RMSEP = 0.6 %) content in linseeds can be successfully predicted. PLSR has demonstrated that FT-NIRS has relatively higher predictive capability compared to color models. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.Öğe Comparative Study on Phytochemical Profiles, Antiproliferative, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Adonis Species from Turkey(Springer, 2022) Karahan, Faruk; Avsar, Cumhur; Turkmen, Musa; Gezici, Sevgi; Ilcim, AhmetThe present study aimed to determine antiproliferative, antimicrobial, antioxidant activities and also phytochemical composition of different nine Adonis L. species from Turkey. Leaves extracts of the plant samples were used to evaluate antimicrobial activity against 7 bacteria and 2 yeast strains using MICs and disc-diffusion methods. The antioxidant activity of plant samples was determined by using DPPH radical scavenging activity method. MTT assay was used for evaluation antiproliferative activities of the extracts against HL-60, HCA-7 and HUVEC human cells. Chemical composition of plant extracts were determined by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry. The antimicrobial analyses results showed Gram-negative bacteria more sensitive than Gram-positive against the extracts, and the values were varied from 3.1 to 13.4 mu g/mL. The leaf extract of different Adonis species exhibited remarkable antiproliferative activities towards tested human cancer cells in a dose and time dependently, and they were found to possess more antiproliferative activity against HL-60 cells than that of the HCA-7 cells. As for the chemical composition of Adonis species, they were found to contain many components with antimicrobial and beneficial effects, such as ethyl palmitate, ethyl linoleate. Overall, it was concluded that leaves extracts of Adonis species could have a great potential for use in medicinal drug sources.Öğe Comparison of Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations of Hypericum Perforatum L. Essential Oils, 0.2 % Chlorhexidine and 10 % Povidone-iodine Over Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2020) Arpag, Osman Fatih; Duran, Nizami; Acikgul, Funda Cimen; Turkmen, MusaHypericum perforatum is a useful plant because of its biological features, such as bactericidal, virucidal, and fungicidal effects. Elimination of periodontal pathogens, including Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis, from the oral environment, is important for the stability of periodontal health. Therefore, we aimed to determine the antimicrobial activity of the Hypericum perforatum L. essential oils over these pathogens using cell cultures. The standard and clinical bacterial strains were used in this study. The essential oils extracted from Hypericum perforatum L. flowers were analyzed with gaschromatography/mass spectrometry. The antimicrobial activities of the essential oils along with 0.2 % chlorhexidine, 10 % povidone-iodine, and combinations of essential oils and 0.2 % chlorhexidine, and essential oils and 10 % povidone-iodine were evaluated by measuring the minimum inhibitory concentrations. Essential oils' minimum inhibitory concentration value for clinical A. actinomycetemcomitans strains was significantly lower than that of the povidone-iodine solution (P). However, despite the low minimum inhibitory concentration value of essential oils, when compared to 0.2 % chlorhexidine, there was no statistically significant difference between the agents (P=0.113). For clinical strains of Porphyromonas gingivalis, the essential oils showed a lower minimum inhibitory concentration value compared to chlorhexidine and povidone-iodine. The essential oils combined with chlorhexidine or povidone-iodine showed significantly lower minimum inhibitory concentration value for both strains of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (P). With the lower minimum inhibitory concentration values, the essential oils showed strong antimicrobial activity. Moreover, when combined with chlorhexidine or the povidone-iodine, the antimicrobial effect of essential oils on Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis strains increased synergistically.Öğe Determination of chemical component of essential oil of Origanum dubium plants grown at different altitudes and antifungal activity against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum(Wiley, 2022) Turkmen, Musa; Kara, Merve; Maral, Hasan; Soylu, SonerThe aim of this study was to determine effect of altitude on the yields, composition, and antifungal activities of the essential oil isolated from Origanum dubium plant populations collected at four different altitudes. The essential oil yield, the content of four compounds and antifungal activities against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum were found to vary in relation to the different altitudes examined. According to the GC-MS analysis, carvacrol (46.51%-85.65%), linalool (0.24-48.37), p-cymene (1.89%-7.89%), and gamma-terpinene (0.28%-6.31%) were determined as major compounds of essential oils of the plants collected from different altitudes. Altitude seems one of the factors that affected the quantity and quality of the essential oil of O. dubium. A significant correlation between the amount of carvacrol, p-cymene, and antifungal activities was determined. The essential oil of plant having the highest content of carvacrol (85.65%) showed the strongest antifungal activity against S. sclerotiorum at relatively very low concentration used (0.75 mu l petri(-1)). Practical applications The essential oil yields, the chemical compositions and antifungal activities against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum were found to vary in relation to the altitudes where plants grown. Since the yield, chemical composition, and biological activities was affected, altitude seems to be an important factor that should be considered. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study reporting antifungal activities of essential oil of Origanum dubium against devastating plant fungal disease agent S. sclerotiorum.Öğe Determination of Chemical Composition and Antifungal Activities of Fennel and Laurel Essential Oil Mixtures Against Pestalotiopsis funereal(Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Univ Rektorlugu, 2022) Kara, Merve; Turkmen, Musa; Soylu, SonerIn this study, chemical compositions and antifungal activities of different blended essential oils obtained from fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) and laurel (Laurus nobilis L.) were investigated against P funerea in vitro condit ions. (teal compositions of essential oils were determined using GC-MS analysis. Antifungal volatile phase effects of different concentrations of essential oils mixtures were determined on inhibition of mycelial growth and conidial germination in vitro conditions. The effect of most effective concentrations of essential oil mixtures on the morphology of fungal hypha and con idia were also investigated using light microscope. GC MS analysis of essential oils revealed that eucalyptol (52.88%) and trans-anethole (81.55%) were the major components of laurel and fennel essential oils. Individual use of fennel and laurel essential oils were found to completely inhibit mycelial growth at 20.0 and 25.0 mu l petri(-1) concentrations, respectively. Dual blending fennel/laurel essential oil mixtures showed synergistic antifungal activity on inhibition of mycelial growth and conidial germination. By blending fennel and laurel essential oils at. proportion of 3:1, antifungal activities were significantly increased that complete mycelial growth and conidial inhibition were recorded at. relatively lower concentration (10 mu l petri(-1)). Microscopic observations on hyphae, exposed to volatile phase of the most efficient concentrations of essential oil mixtures, revealed considerable structural deformations such as cytoplasmic coagulation, vacuolization and protoplast leakage from fungal hyphae and conidia. The results showed that blending of fennel and laurel essential oils. which have synergistic antifungal effects, might be used as an effective bio fungicide in management of fungal plant disease agents.Öğe Determination of essential oil constituents and antioxidant activities of hybrid species Salvia x karamanensis Celep & B. T. Drew and its parents (Salvia aucheri Benth. subsp. canescens (Boiss. & Heldr.) Celep, Kahraman & Dogan x Salvia heldreichiana Boiss. ex Benth.)(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2024) Maral, Hasan; Cecen, Omer; Baydir, Ayseguel Turk; Turkmen, MusaSalvia x karamanensis is endemic to Turkiye and is a hybrid of Salvia aucheri subsp. canescens and Salvia heldreichiana. In this study, the essential oil content and composition of S. x karamanensis hybrid species and its parents S. aucheri subsp. canescens, S. heldreichiana were determined. Essential oils of the plants were obtained by hydro distillation method using Clevenger apparatus for 3 h and the essential oil components were determined by GC -MS. As a result of the distillation, it was determined that S. aucheri subsp. canescens, contains 0.80%, while S. x karamanensis and S. heldreichiana contain 0.64 and 0.48% essential oil, respectively. The major components of the essential oils were borneol, 1,8-cineole, camphor, alpha-pinene, borneol and alpha-terpineol. The DPPH antiradical activity of the samples was determined as 46.70 +/- 0.09, 33.78 +/- 0.68 and 25.93 +/- 0.72 (S. aucheri subsp. canescens, S. x karamanensis and S. heldreichiana), respectively. The highest phenolic content in terms of gallic acid was obtained from S. aucheri subsp. canescens with 15,02 mg/100 ml, followed by S. x karamanensis with 14,43 mg/100 ml and S. heldreichiana with 13,43 mg/100 ml.Öğe The Effect of Different Phenological Periods and Harvest Times on the Essential Oil Ratio and Components of Basil Genotypes(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2021) Turkmen, MusaThe basil is an annual medicinal plant that can be harvested more than once in the growing season. This study aimed to examine the variation of essential oil ratios and components of five different basil genotypes harvested in different phenological periods (pre-flowering, full-flowering, and post-flowering periods.). When the basil was harvested in the pre-flowering period, it could be harvested three times. In parcels left to full-flowering, basil genotypes have reached full-flowering twice in one vegetation period. The parcels left to the post-flowering period were harvested once. Essential oils were obtained separately from the flowers and leaves of the plants by hydrodistillation. Essential oil ratios in flowers and leaves for all phenological periods varied between 0.28-3.19 %. The ratio of essential oil in the parcels with multiple harvests was higher in the second and third harvests compared to the first harvest. It was determined that the ratio of essential oil in the parcels with multiple harvests was higher in the second and third harvests compared to the first harvest. The main components of the basil genotypes were determined as linalool, methyl cinnamate, eugenol, g-muurolene, and eucalyptol in all harvesting periods. In the post-flowering period harvested once, the linalool ratio of the basil genotypes ranged from 20.32-54.63 %. On the other hand, methyl cinnamate could not be detected in some genotypes like in the two and three times harvests, the highest ratio was found as 46.10 %. The linalool ratio of genotypes harvested twice in the full flowering period varied between 24.20-65.91 %, while the methyl cinnamate in some genotypes ranged from 0.04 to 53.26 %. The linalool ratio in the parcels with three times harvests in the pre-flowering period varied between 22.47-59.0 %. The methyl cinnamate ratio varied between 0.04-51.38 %. It was determined that the proportions of the main components decreased in the second and third harvests in the parcels harvested more than once.Öğe Effect of Some Essential Oils on in vitro Ruminal Fermentation of Alfalfa Hay(Mattioli 1885, 2021) Onel, Suleyman Ercument; Aksu, Taylan; Kalamak, Adem; Kaya, Durmus Alpaslan; Aksu, Devrim Saripinar; Sakin, Fatib; Turkmen, MusaStudy Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effects of essential oils derived from the leaves of Laurus nobilis (LNEO), Myrtus communis (MCEO), Lavandula stoechas (LSEO), Artemisia annua (AAEO), and Thymbra spicata (TSEO) on the rumen fermentation parameters (gas production, methane emission, organic acids, and the number of protozoa) of dry alfalfa hay. Methods: The components of all essential oils were analyzed. The effects of adding the same dose (60 mg/L) of each essential oil to the rumen fluid on in vitro rumen digestion were determined by in vitro gas production. Results: The addition of Lavandula stoechas, Artemisia annua, Myrtus communis, and Laura nobilis essential oils decreased the total gas and methane formation (ml), organic matter digestion (OMD), ruminal ammonia nitrogen levels, and the metabolic energy (ME) values. On the other hand, the Thymbra spicata essential oil did not affect any parameter except the ruminal ammonia nitrogen level. The rumen protozoa numbers were unaffected by the addition of Thymbra spicata essential oil. The total volatile fatty acids (TVFA), acetic acid (AA), propionic acid (PA), and butyric acid (BA) amounts in the in vitro fermentation fluid of alfalfa hay were low in all groups. Conclusion: It was determined that the active ingredients of LSEO, AAEO, MCEO, and LNEO may have a regulatory effect on ruminal fermentation. We think that more studies using different feed types and combinations of essential oils are required to reveal the effects of these essential oils on ecology and the physiology of the digestive system.Öğe Effects of Adding Laurel (Laurus nobilis) Essential Oil to the Diet of Tilapia Fish on Growth and Intestinal Histology(Istanbul Univ Press, Fac Aquatic Sciences, 2022) Yazici, Metin; Mazlum, Yavuz; Naz, Mehmet; Urku, Cigdem; Turkmen, Musa; Akayli, TulayThe effects of adding laurel oil to the experimental diet on growth performance, biochemical compositions of fish and feeds, sand liver and intestine histology in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) juveniles were evaluated. 180 fish (12 +/- 0.02 g) were used in the study. They were randomly placed in 12 tanks with a volume of 500 liters, with 15 fish per tank. The commercial laurel oil was added to the diets at 0, 0.3, 0.6, and 1.2%. The fish were fed with experimental diets twice a day as apparent satiation for 60 days. In the current study, weight gain (WG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), specific growth rate (SGR) and survival rates (SR) were statistically similar (p>0.05). While no difference was observed between protein and ash values in the biochemical analysis of fish, lipid values were found to be lower in the 0.3% and 0.6 supplemented groups compared to the control and 1.2% supplemented groups. In addition, there was no statistical difference in protein, lipid, and ash values in the biochemical composition of the feeds. In the study, essential oil components of Laurus nobilis oil such as Linalool, Elemene, Trans-Caryophyllene, Cis-alpha-Bisabolene, A-Terpinyl Acetate, Methyleugenol, beta-Eudesmol were determined in low levels. The addition of 0.3% laurel oil to the diet did not cause histopathological findings, and it was found to improve liver and intestinal tissues. In conclusion, it is suggested that 0.3% laurel oil addition can be used as a feed additive in tilapia culture, especially considering the data obtained from growth and histological analyzes. Further studies are deserved need to examine the effects of laurel oil on immunity and resistance to various stress factors in other fish.Öğe Essential oil components of fresh Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) herbs from different locations in Turkey(Certex, INCDTP-ICPI, 2016) Turkmen, Musa; Bahadirli, Nadire Pelin; Mert, AhmetFive different Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) obtained from different sources were cultivated under Hatay ecological conditions used as a plant material. To determine essential oil rate fresh herbs of coriander were analysed with Neo-Clevenger apparatus by the method steam distillation. Essential oil components were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) apparatus. Decanal (9.95-16.53), 2-Decanal (3.48-11.86), 1-Decanol (7.67-17.13), Cyclodecanol (4.46-13.78), 2-Dodecenal (5.42-12.65), Cyclododecanal (5.23-7.86) and 13-Tetradecanal (4.87- 11.19) were found main components. © 2016 Certex, INCDTP-ICPI.Öğe ESSENTIAL OIL COMPONENTS OF Hypericum hircinum subsp. majus (Aiton) N. Robson GROWING IN HATAY (TURKEY) FLORA(Incdtp-Icpi, 2018) Ayanoglu, Filiz; Turkmen, Musa; Kaya, Durmus AlpaslanEssential oils obtained by hydrodistillation of Hypericum hircinum subsp. majus (Hypericaceae) from Hatay (Turkey), were analyzed by GC/MS. Fourty volatile components were identified in the oils, representing 93.95 % of the total oils. The major components were alpha-guaiene (43,23 %), iota-Gurjunene (8,77 %), beta-Famesene (4,59 %), Limonene (4,38 %), nonane (4,38 %) and Valencene (4,07%).Öğe ESSENTIAL OIL CONTENT AND COMPONENTS IN DIFFERENT PURPLE BASIL GENOTYPES ACCORDING TO THE DIURNAL CHANGES(Bangladesh Botanical Soc, 2023) Turkmen, Musa; Ertekin, Esra NerminIn the present study the diurnal variations in plant parts of different purple basil genotypes were determined. Three different purple basil genotypes (Arapgir, Piros and Midnight) were used as plant material. Plants were harvested at 06:00, 12:00, 18:00 and 00:00 hrs to determine the diurnal variation within a day at harvesting time. Essential oil ratio among genotypes, harvesting times and parts of plant varied between 0.460.95%, 0.60 to 0.92% and 0.14-1.29%, respectively. Essential oil ratios among the triple interactions were found to range from 0.05 to 2.57%. The major essential oil was linalool in all genotypes. Results showed that the higher essential oil ratio can be obtained from dry flowers of Arapgir genotype harvested at 00:00 and also, Midnight genotype contained higher essential oil content than others.Öğe Exploring the anti-cancer properties of essential oils from some Lamiaceae species against human cancer cells with multivariate analysis(Elsevier, 2024) Gezici, Sevgi; Turkmen, Musa; Karahan, FarukThe present study was aimed to determine phytochemical characterization, anticancer and antioxidant activities of essential oils obtained from 11 Lamiaceae species, including Clinopodium serpyllifolium subsp. barbatum (P.H.Davis) Braeurouchler, Lavandula angustifolia Miller, Mentha pound piperita L., Mentha pulegium L., Ocimum basilicum L., Rosmarinus officinalis L., Salvia aramiensis Rech.f., Salvia fruticosa Miller, Salvia officinalis L., Satureja thymbra L., and Thymbra spicata L. taxa from Tueurorkiye. The chemical composition of the essential oils (EOs) was identified using GC -MS, and antioxidant activity was determined using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,20- azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) free radical scavenging methods. Furthermore, the anticancer potential of the EOs was evaluated using MTT method against human cell lines, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2), gastric carcinoma (NCI -N87), breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), human prostate carcinoma (LNCaP clone FGC-Luc2) cancer cells, and non -cancerous human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The antioxidant activities of the extracts varied from 31.96 to 74.96%. Consistent with antioxidant activities, the anticancer activities of the EOs of S. officinalis, L. angustifolia, and R. officinalis were significantly higher than others. However, almost all EOs were found to inhibit cell viability and induce apoptosis of cancer cells, while the EOs at different concentrations exhibited the highest anticancer activity against NCI -N87, followed by HepG2, MCF-7, and LNCaP cancer cells, with the IC50 value ranging from 10.98 +/- 0.12 to 78.08 +/- 1.21 mg/mL, respectively. Variability in phytochemical components, free radical scavenging and anticancer activities of EOs was revealed by principal component analysis (PCA) and agglomerative hierarchical clustering (AHC). The major components of the EOs distilled from Lamiaceae species were found as eucalyptol, thujone, linalool, linalyl acetate, pulegone, carvone and carvacrol at different concentrations in the EOs. Overall, it can be clearly concluded that the EO samples distilled from some medicinal plants belonging to the Lamiaceae family contain valuable phytochemical compounds and accordingly exhibit remarkable biological activities. (c) 2024 SAAB. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Öğe Heavy metal accumulation in rosemary leaves and stems exposed to traffic-related pollution near Adana-Iskenderun Highway (Hatay, Turkey)(Springer, 2019) Sert, Elif Bozdogan; Turkmen, Musa; Cetin, MehmetPollution has become a problem on a global scale and poses a significant risk in terms of human health and natural ecosystems. Generally, the biggest sources of pollution are municipal and industrial facilities. However, traffic-related air pollution cannot be overlooked as a dangerous source either. There have been various methods of interventions to measure and reduce the risk and effects of traffic-related pollution. In the case of measuring, the use of certain plant species that can accumulate pollutants in their tissues is considered a practical solution. In this study, the aim is to find out the metals that are accumulated in rosemary leaves and stems and the rosemary leaves. In other words, the leaves and the stems are to be used as a biomonitors to reveal the rate of metal pollution along the highway. We try to identify the accumulation ability of traffic-related heavy metals (Al, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) of the Rosmarinus officinalis L. (rosemary) which is used in the refuge and slopes along the highway connecting Adana with Iskenderun (Hatay). Our findings concluded that the rosemary could have a decent capacity to accumulate Al, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, and Zn in both leaves and stem. We therefore believe that R. officinalis is a great tool in determining the amount of traffic-related pollution in urban areas.Öğe OBTAINING AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SOME EMULSIONS BASED ON COLLAGEN HYDROLYSATE AND NATURAL EXTRACTS WITH A POTENTIAL ANTICELLULITIC ACTION(Polytechnic Univ Bucharest, 2019) Danila, Elena; Stan, Raluca; Enache, Adelina Elena; Turkmen, Musa; Kaya, Durmus Alpaslan; Kaya, Madalina Albu; Serafim, AndradaThe aim of this study was to formulate and evaluate O/W emulsions based on collagen and naturals ingredients such as vegetable oils and butters, caffeine, ivy extract and pink pepper essential oil. The essential oil of pink pepper was obtained by hydrodistilation and characterized by GC-MS. The main components of this essential oil are: alpha-Phelandrene 35.84%, Limonene 17.31%, alpha-Pinene 1.98% (monoterpenes) and beta-Phelandrene 13.04%, o-Cymene 4.65%, delta-Cadinene 3.27%, trans-Caryophyllene3.04%, Bicyclogermacrene 2.13% (sesquiterpenes). The emulsions obtained are stable and the pH values of emulsions correspond to the natural pH of the skin, indicating that emulsions can be safely applied to the skin. Results from the optical microscopy analysis show that emulsions have a creamy and foam like appearance. All the emulsions present adequate Theological properties. Further microbiological tests and other analysis are necessary for the obtained emulsions.Öğe Selection of Optimal Operating Conditions for Extraction of Myrtus Communis L. Essential Oil by the Steam Distillation Method(Mdpi, 2020) Kaya, Durmus Alpaslan; Ghica, Mihaela Violeta; Danila, Elena; Ozturk, Sevket; Turkmen, Musa; Albu Kaya, Madalina Georgiana; Dinu-Pirvu, Cristina-ElenaMyrtus communis L. is one of the important aromatic and medicinal species from the Mediterranean area. It is used in various fields such as culinary, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, therapeutic, and industrial applications. Thus, a Box-Wilson experimental plan was used in this study to select the optimal operating conditions in order to obtain high volumes of essential oils. The factorial design method was applied to evaluate at an industrial scale the effect of major process variables on the essential oil extraction from Myrtus communis L. herbs by the steam distillation method. The input variables considered as significant operating conditions were: X-1-boiler occupancy rate (boilers were filled to 50%, 75%, and 100%), X-2-distillation duration (distillation was continued 60, 75, and 90 min), and X-3-particle size (herbs were cut in sizes of 10, 20, and 30 mm via guillotine). The dependent variable selected, coded as Y, was the essential oil volume obtained (mL). The steps of the classical statistical experimental design technique were complemented with the Taguchi method to improve the extraction efficacy of essential oil from Myrtus communis L., and the optimum parameter conditions were selected: boiler occupancy rate 100%, distillation duration 75 min, and particle size 20 mm. Following the optimum parameters, the GC-MS assay revealed for the Myrtus communis L. essential oil two predominant components, alpha -pinene-33.14% and eucalyptol-55.09%.Öğe Synergistic effect of Foeniculum vulgare essential oil on the antibacterial activities of Ag- and Cu-substituted ZnO nanorods (ZnO-NRs) against food, human and plant pathogenic bacterial disease agents(Elsevier, 2022) Soylu, Soner; Kara, Merve; Turkmen, Musa; Sahin, BunyaminIn the present work, bare, Ag-and Cu-substituted ZnO nanorods (ZnO-NRs) were prepared by a simple, low-cost synthesis temperature and inexpensive solution-based growth method with low synthesis temperature. In addition to the physical properties of the bare, Ag-and Cu-substituted ZnO-NRs, the antibacterial activities of fennel essential oil (EO) incorporated into the ZnO-NRs against opportunistic food (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis) and plant pathogenic (Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola) bacterial disease agents were also investigated. X-ray diffraction patterns showed the hexagonal wurtzite phase of ZnO. FESEM images confirmed the production of nanorod-like morphology with an average diameter of about 200 nm. The antibacterial ac-tivities of the bare, Ag-and Cu-substituted ZnO NRs varied depending on the bacterial isolates tested. The highest antibacterial activity was detected against the Gram-positive bacterial isolate Bacillus subtilis. The antibacterial activities were significantly enhanced by doping the bare ZnO NRs with Cu and Ag. This enhancement is more pronounced for Cu-substituted ZnO-NRs (up to 160.1 %) than for Ag-substituted ZnO-NRs (up to 32.1 %). Although fennel EO and bare ZnO-NRs possess antibacterial activities, the antibacterial activities of bare, Ag-and Cu-substituted ZnO-NRs increased dramatically after the incorporation of fennel EO. This increase is more sig-nificant for EO incorporated Cu-substituted ZnO-NRs (212.1 %) than for Ag-substituted ZnO-NRs (up to 52.1 %). In conclusion, doping bare ZnO-NRs with Cu and Ag resulted in superior antibacterial activity, while incorpo-rating fennel EO into bare, Cu-and Ag-substituted ZnO-NRs led to a synergistic effect in terms of their anti-bacterial activities.Öğe The use of volatile compounds as an alternative method in pepper breeding (Capsicum baccatum var. pendulum)(Univ Federal Santa Maria, 2021) Mavi, Kazim; Hacbekir, Hasan; Uzunoglu, Fulya; Turkmen, MusaThe aim of this study is to determine some fruit characteristics of 19 different lines hybridized by previous regular studies. These lines were examined in order to determine the differences among volatile components and reveal the differences in comparison with the parents. Plant height (cm), fruit weight (g), fruit width (mm), fruit length (mm), fruit flesh thickness (mm), pungency, immature fruit color and mature fruit color were determined of parents and F4 lines. As a result, a wide range of variations were determined between lines and parents in terms of all parameters apart from pungency. Especially in terms of volatile components, it has been found that some active substances are found only in the father and white genotype (Fenchol, spathulenol and geranyl acetate), some of them only in the mother and orange genotype (alpha-terpineol, dihexyl azelate and 2-hexadecanol). It was concluded that volatile compounds of the species can be used as a marker for breeding studies.
