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    10. Sınıf Matematik Dersi Öğretim Programının Öğrencilerin Başarılarına, Tutumlarına ve Görüşlerine Göre Değerlendirilmesi
    (2023) Uyar, Ahmet; Şan, İsmail; Karsak, Hanife Gülhan Orhan
    Çalışmanın amacı 10. sınıf matematik dersi öğretim programının değerlendirilmesidir. Çalışmada açıklayıcı karma desen kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada; 1. dönem başarı testi için 552 öğrenci, 2. dönem başarı testi için 575 öğrenci, tutum ölçeği için 583 öğrenci yer almıştır. Çalışmada 41 öğrenci ile görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın verileri, Baykul (1990) tarafından geliştirilen matematik dersine yönelik tutum ölçeğinin yanı sıra araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen başarı testi ve yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılarak elde edilmiştir. Çalışmada verilerin analizinde ortalama, yüzde, Wilcoxon işaretli sıralar testi ve içerik analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada 10. sınıf öğrencilerinin başarı düzeylerinin orta düzeyde olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Öğrencilerin öğretim yılının başındaki başarılarının yılın sonunda arttığı tespit edilmiştir. Öğrencilerin matematik dersine yönelik tutumlarının ise yılın sonunda yılın başına göre azaldığı belirlenmiştir. Öğrenciler matematik dersindeki başarı ve tutumun derse olan ilgiye bağlı olarak değiştiğini belirtmiştir. Çalışmada öğrencilerin derse yönelik tutum ve başarılarını artıracak faaliyetlere yönelik önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
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    10. Sınıf Matematik Dersi Öğretim Programının Öğretmen Görüşleri Doğrultusunda Değerlendirilmesi
    (2023) Uyar, Ahmet; Şan, İsmail; Karsak, H. Gülhan Orhan
    Çalışmanın amacı 10. sınıf matematik dersi öğretim programının öğretmen görüşlerine göre değerlendirilmesidir. Çalışmada nitel araştırma desenlerinden durum çalışması deseni kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada 20 öğretmenle görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılarak elde edilen veriler içerik analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Araştırmada öğretmenler öğretim programının; okulun imkânlarına uygun olduğunu, meslek edindirmeye katkı sağladığını, toplumun beklenti ve ihtiyaçlarını karşıladığını, uzaktan eğitime uygun olduğunu, programda yer alan birçok beceri ve değerleri kazandırdığını ifade etmiştir. Ayrıca öğretmenler; programdaki kazanım ve içeriğe yönelik güncellemelerin olumlu olduğunu, kazanımlara ayrılan sürelerin programda belirtilen süreler ile uyumsuz ve yetersiz olduğunu, öğretim programının uygulanmasında ders kitabı, içerik, okul, öğrenci, öğretmen ve politika kaynaklı sorunlar olduğunu belirtmiştir. Öğretmenler programın daha etkili uygulanabilmesi için bazı önerilerde bulunmuştur. Çalışma sonuçlarına göre program geliştiricilere ve program değerlendirme yapacak araştırmacılara yönelik önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
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    2013 Okul Öncesi Eğitim Programına İlişkin Okul Öncesi Öğretmenlerinin Görüşlerinin İncelenmesi
    (2024) Uyar, Ahmet; Karafil, Burcu
    Bu çalışmanın amacı, okul öncesi öğretim programının (OÖÖP) öğretmen görüşlerine dayalı olarak değerlendirilmesidir. Araştırmada durum çalışması deseni kullanılmıştır ve çalışma grubu, Elazığ ilinde aktif görev yapan 23 okul öncesi öğretmeninden oluşmaktadır. Öğretmen görüşlerini toplamak için yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler, içerik analizi tekniği ile analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, okul öncesi öğretmenleri OÖÖP'nin güçlü yönlerini esneklik, çocukların gelişim aşamalarını dikkate alma, öğrenci merkezlilik, bireysel farklılıkları göz önünde bulundurma, öğrencilere çeşitli beceriler kazandırma, çoklu zekâ kuramına uygunluk, oyun tabanlı öğrenme, öğrenme merkezlerinin bulunması, ilerlemeci felsefeye uygunluk, içeriğin sarmal yapıda olması, aile katılımını destekleme, öğrenci ilgi ve ihtiyaçlarına saygı gösterme şeklinde sıralamışlardır. Öğretmenler, öğrenme merkezlerinin oluşturulma imkânının olmaması, bireysel farklılıkların yeterince dikkate alınmaması, öğretmenlerin üzerindeki sorumlulukların fazla olması durumlarının OÖÖP’nin zayıf yönleri olduğunu belirtmişlerdir. Ayrıca, okul öncesi öğretmenleri OÖÖP’nin öğrencilere saygı, sevgi, sorumluluk, dürüstlük, adalet, sabır, dostluk, özdenetim gibi birçok temel değeri kazandırdığını ifade etmiştir. Ancak, değerlerin, soyut kavramların, psikomotor becerilerin, yaratıcılık gerektiren becerilerin, özbakım becerilerinin ve duyuşsal becerilerin aktarılmasında zorluklar yaşandığını vurgulamışlardır. Son olarak, okul öncesi öğretmenleri OÖÖP'nin kazandırılması sürecinde yönetici, öğrenci, veli ve politika kaynaklı sorunlar yaşandığını belirtmişlerdir.
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    Ameliorative Effects of Oleuropein on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury Model in Rats
    (Springer/Plenum Publishers, 2021) Dikmen, Nursel; Cellat, Mustafa; Etyemez, Muhammed; Isler, Cafer Tayer; Uyar, Ahmet; Aydin, Tuba; Guvenc, Mehmet
    Acute lung injury (ALI) is one of the most common causes of death in diseases with septic shock. Oleuropein, one of the important components of olive leaf, has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of oleuropein on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI in rats. Oleuropein was administered to rats at a dose of 200 mg/kg for 20 days and LPS was given through intratracheal administration to induce ALI. The study was terminated after 12 h. The results showed that in the group treated with oleuropein, inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress decreased in serum, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and lung tissue, and there were significant improvements in the picture of acute interstitial pneumonia (AIP) caused by LPS in histopathological examination. Based on the findings of the present study, oleuropein showed protective effects against LPS-induced ALI.
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    Biomedical effects of Laurus nobilis L. leaf extract on vital organs in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats: Experimental research
    (Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2021) Mohammed, Rebin Rafaat; Omer, Abdullah Khalid; Yener, Zabit; Uyar, Ahmet; Ahmed, Avin Kawa
    Diabetes mellitus (DM) has been treated with herbs for centuries and many herbs reported to exert antidiabetic activity. Laurus nobilis is an aromatic herb belonging to the Lauraceae family, commonly known as bay. This study aimed to investigate the activity of Laurus nobilis leave extracts on histopathological and biochemical changes in beta-cells of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Thirty healthy adult male albino rats were included in the study and divided equally into 5 groups for 4 weeks as follow; control group (C), diabetic group (D), diabetic Laurus nobilis extract group (DLN), Laurus nobilis extract group (LN) and diabetic acarbose (DA) group. Histopathologically, D group rats exhibited various degenerative and necrotic changes in their liver, pancreas and kidney, whereas the DLN rats had nearly normal histology. Insulin immunostaining in the pancreatic beta cells was decreased in the D group compared to the C group, whereas the DLN group was similar to the C group. The glucose concentration decreased significantly in both diabetic rats treated with L. nobilis and acarbose (p < 0.05). Additionally, the levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) enzyme were significantly decreased in both diabetic rats treated with L. nobilis and acarbose, compared to the D group (p (>) 0.05). Outcomes of this study said that leave extracts of L. nobilis has valuable effect on blood glucose level and ameliorative effect on regeneration of pancreatic islets, it also restored the altered liver enzymes, urea, creatine kinase, total protein levels, calcium and ferritin to near normal.
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    Bisphenol AF Caused Reproductive Toxicity in Rats and Cineole Co-Treatment Exhibited Protective Effect
    (Springer Heidelberg, 2024) Uyar, Ahmet; Cellat, Mustafa; Kanat, Ozgur; Etyemez, Muhammed; Kutlu, Tuncer; Deveci, Mehmet Zeki Yilmaz; Yavas, Ilker
    Bisphenol AF (BPAF) is increasingly used and now found in products intended for human consumption. The protective effect of 1,8-cineole (CIN) against BPAF-induced reproductive toxicity was investigated. Four groups were created, with each group consisting of eight rats: control, BPAF (200 mg/kg), CIN (200 mg/kg), and BPAF + CIN groups. The results demonstrated that the BPAF group exhibited a decline in testosterone levels and a decrease in sperm parameters compared with the control. Additionally, higher levels of MDA were observed, along with lower levels of GSH and GPx activity. CAT activity also decreased slightly. Tnf-alpha, Nf-kappa B levels were significantly higher, and caspase-3 expression was elevated, while PCNA expression decreased. BPAF significantly increased tissue degeneration compared with the control. However, the BPAF + CIN group showed statistically significant improvements in sperm parameters, except for concentration. They also exhibited an increase in testosterone levels and an improvement in MDA and GSH levels compared with the BPAF group. However, GPx activity partially enhanced. Tnf-alpha and Nf-kappa B levels were significantly reduced, and caspase-3 levels declined while PCNA and Bcl-2 levels increased. The Johnsen Testicular Biopsy score showed a substantial increase. Overall, these results suggest that CIN co-treatment in rats enhanced reproductive health and exhibited antioxidant, antiapoptotic, and anti-inflammatory properties against BPAF-induced testicular damage.
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    Carvacrol showed a curative effect on reproductive toxicity caused by Bisphenol AF via antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties
    (Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2023) Uyar, Ahmet; Cellat, Mustafa; Kanat, Ozgur; Etyemez, Muhammed; Kutlu, Tuncer; Deveci, Mehmet Yilmaz Zeki; Yavas, Ilker
    Bisphenol AF (BPAF) is an endocrine disruptor, and human exposure to these chemicals is growing in industrialized nations. BPAF has been demonstrated in studies to have toxic effects on reproductive health. This study examined the effects of oral exposure to BPAF on the reproductive system and the protective effects of carvacrol in rats. From 32 Wistar albino rats, four separate groups were set up for this purpose. Carvacrol 75 mg/kg and BPAF 200 mg/kg were administered by oral gavage method. Rat sperm parameters and serum testosterone levels were measured after 28 days of administration. The study looked at the MDA in the testis tissues, as well as CAT, GPx, and GSH as antioxidants parameters, NF-& kappa;B and TNF-& alpha; as inflammatory markers, caspase-3 and Bcl-2 as apoptosis parameters, and PCNA as cell proliferation markers. In addition, testis tissues underwent histological evaluation. As a result, in rats exposed to only BPAF, sperm counts declined, testosterone levels reduced, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis increased, and cell proliferation decreased. Furthermore, severe disruptions in tissue architecture and decreased spermatogenesis were reported. In contrast, sperm parameters improved, testosterone levels increased, oxidative stress and inflammation decreased, and apoptosis was prevented in the carvacrol-treated group compared to the BPAF-only group. It was also found that spermatogenesis was maintained, and structural abnormalities in testicular tissue were mostly avoided with an increase in PCNA expression. According to the findings, despite BPAF-induced testicular and reproductive toxicity, carvacrol had therapeutic potential due to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, cell proliferation-increasing, and anti-apoptotic activities.
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    Çevre Eğitimi Alan Fen Bilgisi ve Sınıf Öğretmeni Adaylarının Doğaya Yönelik Metaforik Algıları
    (2023) Uyar, Ahmet
    Bu çalışmanın amacı çevre eğitimi alan fen bilgisi ve sınıf öğretmeni adaylarının doğaya yönelik algılarının metaforlar yoluyla incelenmesidir. Öğretmen adaylarının “doğa” kavramına yönelik algılarının incelenmesi amacıyla fenomenolojik desen tercih edilmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesinde öğrenim gören ve çevre eğitimi dersini alan 169 öğretmen adayı oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmaya katılan öğretmen adaylarının doğaya yönelik algılarını tespit etmek amacıyla araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilen açık uçlu anket kullanılmıştır. Veriler nitel veri analiz programı kullanılarak içerik analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Öğretmen adayları doğa kavramına yönelik 68 metafor üretmiştir. Üretilen bu metaforlardan yedi kategori oluşmuştur. Doğa kavramına yönelik metaforlar; “yaşam kaynağı olması”, “yansıtıcı olması”, “değerli olması”, “denge ve düzene sahip olması”, “rahatlatıcı olması”, “estetik ve sanatsal olması”, “yaşam alanı olması” kategorilerinde toplanmıştır.
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    Chemopreventive efficacy of juniper berry oil (Juniperus communis L.) on azoxymethane-induced colon carcinogenesis in rat
    (Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2021) Yaman, Turan; Uyar, Ahmet; Komuroglu, Ahmet Ufuk; Keles, Omer Faruk; Yener, Zabit
    The aim of this study was to investigate the chemopreventive effects of juniper berry (JB) oil on azoxymethane (AOM)-induced colon cancer in rats. Thirty-two male Wistar albino rats were allocated into four groups: Control, AOM, AOM?+?JB, and JB groups. Whereas the control group was fed with standard pellet feed, the AOM and AOM?+?JB groups were administered of AOM (15?mg/kg body weight) subcutaneously once every 2 weeks for 10?weeks. AOM?+?JB and JB groups additionally received JB oil (100??l/kg) orally. At the end of the 16-week experimental period, blood and tissue samples were obtained from the rats following necropsy. The macroscopic findings showed that the application of JB oil significantly decreased adenoma and adenocarcinoma formation both numerically and dimensionally. Immunohistochemically, CEA, COX-2, and Ki-67 immune-expressions decreased, and the immune-expression of caspase-3 increased in AOM?+?JB treated rats. Additionally, JB oil supplementation ameliorated antioxidant defense systems and lipid peroxidation within the colon tissue of AOM?+?JB treated rats. These results reveal that the JB oil acted as a chemopreventive dietary agent, inhibiting cell proliferation and COX-2 expression and inducing apoptosis, resulting in a significant reduction in colon tumor formation.
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    Congenital extraneural hemangioblastoma in a lamb
    (Sage Publications Inc, 2019) Yaman, Turan; Karasu, Abdullah; Uyar, Ahmet; Kuscu, Yagmur; Keles, Omer Faruk
    A 1-mo-old Ivesi male lamb was presented with 2 large red masses on the skin of the left ear. The tumors were removed using gentle dissection and submitted for histologic evaluation. The tumors consisted of numerous thin-walled capillaries lined by endothelial cells and nests of stromal cells. Immunohistochemically, the endothelial cells were positive for CD45, and the stromal cells were positive for neuron-specific enolase. GFAP-positive cells were occasionally present within the tumor. Endothelial and stromal cells were negative for S100, CD34, CD31, and factor VIII-related antigen. The tumor had strong gross, microscopic, and immunohistochemical similarities with human extraneural hemangioblastoma.
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    Detection of bovine respiratory syncytial virus, Pasteurella multocida, and Mannheimia haemolytica by immunohistochemical method in naturally-infected cattle
    (Walter De Gruyter Gmbh, 2018) Yaman, Turan; Buyubayram, Huseyin; Ozyildiz, Zafer; Terzi, Funda; Uyar, Ahmet; Keles, Omer Faruk; Ozsoy, Sule Yurdagul
    Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the predisposing effect of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) on Pasteurella spp. infection in naturally-induced pneumonia in cattle by immunohistochemical labelling. Material and Methods: Lungs of cattle slaughtered in the slaughterhouse were examined macroscopically, and 100 pneumonic samples were taken. The samples were fixed in 10% neutral formalin and embedded in paraffin by routine methods. Sections 5 mu m in thickness were cut. The streptavidin-peroxidase method (ABC) was used to stain the sections for immuno-histochemical examination. Results: BRSV antigens were found in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells of bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoles and within inflammatory cell debris and inflammatory exudate in bronchial lumens. Pasteurella spp. antigens were detected in the cytoplasm of the epithelial cells of bronchi and bronchioles, and in cells in the lumens of bronchi and bronchioles. Eleven cases were positive for only one pathogen (six for BRSV and five for Pasteurella spp.), while 35 cases were positive for 2 pathogens: BRSV plus P. multocida (n = 21) or M. haemolytica (n = 14). Conclusion: The presence of high levels of BRSV in dual infections indicates that BSRV may be the main pneumonia-inducing agent and an important predisposing factor for the formation of Pasteurella spp. infections in cattle naturally afflicted with pneumonia.
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    The effect of tyrosol on diclofenac sodium-induced acute nephrotoxicity in rats
    (Wiley, 2024) Comez, Mehmet; Cellat, Mustafa; Kuzu, Muesluem; Uyar, Ahmet; Turk, Erdinc; Kaya, Yusuf Selim; Etyemez, Muhammed
    Although diclofenac (DCF) is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that is considered safe, its chronic use and overdose may show some toxic effects. The protective effect of tyrosol (Tyr) pretreatment against DCF-induced renal damage was investigated in this study. The 32 rats used in the study were randomly divided into four groups of eight rats each. According to the data obtained, it was determined that creatinine, urea, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels increased in serum samples of the DCF group. Besides, the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity decreased and the malondialdehyde (MDA) level increased in the kidney tissue. However, no change was observed in catalase (CAT) activity. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (Tnf-alpha) levels increased and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2) levels decreased. No change was detected in the level of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta). When the DCF+Tyr group and the DCF group were compared, it was assessed that Tyr had a curative effect on all biochemical parameters. Also, kidney damages, such as degeneration and necrosis of tubular epithelium and congestion of veins, were obviated by treatment with tyrosol in histopathological examinations. It was determined that Tyr pretreatment provided a protective effect against nephrotoxicity induced by DCF with its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
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    EVALUATION OF THE IN VITRO AND IN VIVO EFFECTS OF THE ETHANOLIC LYOPHILIZED EXTRACT OBTAINED FROM PHOLIOTA AURIVELLA MUSHROOM ON CCI4-INDUCED TOXICITY IN RATS
    (Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2019) Dogan, Abdulahad; Dalar, Abdullah; Battal, Abdulhamit; Uyar, Ahmet; Sadullahoglu, Cemil; Celik, Ismail; Uzun, Yusuf
    The aim of this study was to evaluate Pholiota aurivella extract's chemical and mineral composition, total antioxidant capacity, histopathological changes in liver and kidney, as well as its possible protective/harmful role against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced oxidative stress in rats. After the toxicity test, twenty four rats were divided into four experimental groups: Control, CCl4, CCl4+P. aurivella (100 mg/kg, extract) and CCl4+P.aurivella (500 mg/kg, extract) groups. Some biochemical parameters such as aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in serum, malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant defense system (ADS) constituents such as reduced glutathione (GSH) levels, glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) activities in the liver, brain and kidney tissues, histopathological changes in liver and kidney of rats were observed. P.aurivella extract was rich in phenolic (p-coumaric and protocatechuic acids) and fatty acid (linoleic, oleic and palmitic acids) compounds and high level of Arsenic. In vivo studies revealed that P.aurivella extract suppressed the levels of ADS enzymes and increased the MDA content and AST, ALT and LDH in treated groups. According to histopathological investigation, liver and kidney revealed severe histopathological changes both in CCl4 group and P.aurivella- treated groups. These results have shown that oral administration of P. aurivella extract caused a significant toxic effects in rats. Therefore, in the context of the data obtained from this study the P. aurivella could not be regarded as a safe food source.
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    Evaluation with endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) immunoreactivity of the protective role of astaxanthin on hepatorenal injury of remote organs caused by ischaemia reperfusion of the lower extremities
    (Termedia Publishing House Ltd, 2020) Uyar, Ahmet; Yaman, Turan
    Introduction: Ischemia and following reperfusion triggers local and systemic damage with the involvement of free oxygen radicals and inflammatory mediators. Although blood flow saves extremity from necrosis,multi organ dysfunction may progress and cause death of the patient. Aim: The study aims to examine the effect of astaxanthin (AST) on the prevention of remote tissue injury resulting from lower extremity ischaemia-reperfusion (I/R). To elucidate the potential hepatoprotective and renoprotective effects of AST, in addition to histopathological findings, the intrahepatic and intrarenal kinetics of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) during I/R were determined by using the immunohistochemical method. Material and methods: Twenty-eight male Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups. For the control group, only the anaesthesia procedure (2 h) was conducted without I/R. In the I/R group, 2 h of reperfusion was conducted following ischaemia under anaesthesia. For the I/R group + AST, 7 days prior to ischaemia, 125 mg/kg AST was given with gavage, and 2 h of ischaemia and 2 h of reperfusion were conducted under anaesthesia. Following necropsy, liver and kidney tissue samples were fixed in 10% buffered formalin for 48 h for histopathological and immunohistochemical investigation. Results: The histological analysis revealed that severe I/R hepatorenal injury such as inflammatory cell infiltration, dilatation in sinusoids and lumen of tubuli, congestion in glomerular capillaries, degeneration in hepatocyte and epithelial cells of tubuli, and necrosis was ameliorated by AST. Immunohistochemical studies showed that the I/R-induced elevation in eNOS expression was reduced by AST treatment. Conclusions: In the case of acute lower extremity I/R, AST decreased the ischaemic injury in liver and renal tissues by protecting the microcirculation and providing a cytoprotective effect with vasodilatation.
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    Exploring of the ameliorative effects of Nerium (Nerium oleander L.) ethanolic flower extract in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats via biochemical, histological and molecular aspects
    (Springer, 2023) Battal, Abdulhamit; Dogan, Abdulahad; Uyar, Ahmet; Demir, Abdulbaki; Keles, oemer Faruk; Celik, Ismail; Baloglu, Mehmet Cengiz
    Background Nerium oleander L. is ethnopharmacologically used for diabetes. Our aim was to investigate the ameliorative effects of ethanolic Nerium flower extract (NFE) in STZ-induced diabetic rats.Methods Seven random groups including control group, NFE group (50 mg/kg), diabetic group, glibenclamide group and NFE treated groups (25 mg/kg, 75 mg/kg, and 225 mg/kg) were composed of forty-nine rats. Blood glucose level, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), insulin level, liver damage parameters and lipid profile parameters were investigated. Antioxidant defense system enzyme activities and reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents and immunotoxic and neurotoxic parameters were determined in liver tissue. Additionally, the ameliorative effects of NFE were histopathologically examined in liver. mRNA levels of SLC2A2 gene encoding glucose transporter 2 protein were measured by quantitative real time PCR.Results NFE caused decrease in glucose level and HbA1c and increase in insulin and C-peptide levels. Additionally, NFE improved liver damage biomarkers and lipid profile parameters in serum. Moreover, lipid peroxidation was prevented and antioxidant enzyme activities in liver were regulated by NFE treatment. Furthermore, anti-immunotoxic and anti-neurotoxic effects of NFE were determined in liver tissue of diabetic rats. Histopathogically, significant liver damages were observed in the diabetic rats. Histopathological changes were decreased partially in the 225 mg/kg NFE treated group. SLC2A2 gene expression in liver of diabetic rats significantly reduced compared to healthy rats and NFE treatment (25 mg/kg) caused increase in gene expression.Conclusion Flower extract of Nerium plant may have an antidiabetic potential due to its high phytochemical content. [Graphics] .
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    Inhibitory effect of stinging nettle (Urtica dioica L.) extract on body weight gain in rats on a high-fat diet
    (Termedia Publishing House Ltd, 2024) Kacak, Kenan; Yaman, Turan; Uyar, Ahmet; Komuroglu, Ahmet Ufuk
    Introduction: The leaves and seeds of Urtica dioica (UD) are used in folk treatments for many diseases. Anticarcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiallergenic properties of UD have been reported. Aim: To uncover the effects of nettle seed (Urtica dioica; UD) extract on body weight gain in rats on a high -fat diet (HFD). Material and methods: Male Wistar albino rats (n = 32) were divided into 4 groups, comprising a control group, a group that received a HFD (HFD group), a group that received UD extracts (UD group), and a group that received a HFD as well as UD extracts (HFD + UD group). UD extracts were given a daily dose of 300 mg/kg of body weight orally for 75 days. Results: The HFD led to weight gain that was partially moderated by the UD extract. Histopathological findings in the HFD + UD group were uniformly significantly lower than those in the HFD group. Serum alanine transaminase, alanine aminotransferase, triglyceride, and low -density lipoprotein levels were significantly higher in the HFD group than in the HFD + UD group, and the HDL levels were lower in the HFD group than in the control group and the HFD + UD group. Conclusions: The cholesterol levels were discovered to be highest in the HFD + UD group. Therefore, it was concluded that the UD extract did not completely protect the rats against body weight gain.
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    Inula viscosa ameliorates acetic acid induced ulcerative colitis in rats
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2023) Cellat, Mustafa; Tekeli, Ibrahim Ozan; Turk, Erdinc; Aydin, Tuba; Uyar, Ahmet; Isler, Cafer Tayer; Gokcek, Ishak
    Increased pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress contribute to the pathophysiology of ulcerative colitis (UC). Inula viscosa is a plant with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. We investigated the effect of an ethanolic extract of I. viscosa on an experimental UC model created using acetic acid. Rats were divided into four groups of eight: group 1, control; group 2, 3% acetic acid group; group 3, 100 mg/kg sulfasalazine + 3% acetic acid group; group 4, 400 mg/kg I. viscosa + 3% acetic acid. I. viscosa and sulfasalazine were administered by oral gavage and 3% acetic acid was administered per rectum. We found that I. viscosa treatment decreased colon malondialdehyde, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1 beta and nuclear factor kappa B levels; it increased reduced glutathione, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, heme oxygenase-1 and kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 levels and glutathione peroxidase enzyme activity. Group 1 colon exhibited normal histological structure. Slight inflammatory cell infiltration and edema and insignificant slight erosion in crypts were detected in colon tissues of group 4. We found that I. viscosa reduced oxidative stress and inflammation, which was protective against UC by inducing the Nrf-2/Keap-1/HO-1 pathway in the colon.
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    Öğe
    IS METHOTREXATE-INDUCED TESTICULAR DAMAGE PREVENTABLE USING NETTLE SEED EXTRACT: A HISTOPATHOLOGICAL, IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL, BIOCHEMICAL AND SPERMATOLOGICAL EXAMINATION
    (Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2018) Uyar, Ahmet; Yaman, Turan; Dogan, Abdulahad; Uslu, Sema; Keles, Omer Faruk; Yener, Zabit; Celik, Ismail
    In the study 32 Wistar albino rats were divided into four group as control (Group Control, n=8), methotrexate (Group MTX, n=8), MTX + UDS (Group MTX+UDS, n=8) and Urtica dioica seed extract (UDS) (Group UDS, n=8). After the trial, blood and post-necropsy testicular tissue samples were taken. Histopathological examinations showed that methotrexate had an adverse impact on spermatogenesis by damaging testicles; however, such damages were substantially decreased in the Group MTX+UDS. In the immunohistochemical examinations glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1) immunoreactive areas was higher in the Group MTX + UDS compared to the Group MTX. Biochemical examinations revealed that the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and catalase (CAT) enzymes levels statistically significantly differenced (p<0.001) in the Group MTX compared to the control, UDS and MTX+UDS groups. There were significant (p<0.05) differences the Group MTX from Group MTX+UDS. such as density, motility, dead-live sperm rate and abnormal sperm rate. Our study results showed that UDS prevented the damage occurred in the testicles according to histopathological, immunohistochemical, biochemical and spermatological findings.
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    Öğe
    LİSE ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN SINAV KAYGI DÜZEYLERİNİN VE SINAV KAYGILARINA ETKİ EDEN FAKTÖRLERİN BELİRLENMESİ
    (2023) Uyar, Ahmet; Canpolat, Murat
    Bu çalışmanın amacı lise öğrencilerinin sınav kaygı düzeylerinin belirlenmesi ve sınav kaygısına etki eden faktörlerin ortaya koyulmasıdır. Lise öğrencilerinin sınav kaygılarını incelemeye yönelik gerçekleştirilen bu çalışmada açıklayıcı karma desen kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın örnekleminde Hatay ilinde öğrenim gören 955 lise öğrencisi yer almaktadır. Öğrencilerin görüşlerinin alındığı çalışma grubunda ise 21 öğrenci bulunmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak “Sınav Kaygı Envanteri” ve “Yarı Yapılandırılmış Görüşme Formu” kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın nicel verilerinin analizinde aritmetik ortalama, standart sapma, min ve max gibi betimsel istatistiklerin yanı sıra bağımsız örneklem T-testi ve ANOVA testi kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın nitel verilerinin analizinde ise tematik analiz kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre lise öğrencilerinin sınav kaygı düzeylerinin orta düzeyde olduğu saptanmıştır. Çalışmada cinsiyet, ailenin aylık geliri, genel not ortalaması ve anne eğitim durumu değişkenlerine göre öğrencilerin sınav kaygı düzeyleri arasında anlamlı farklılığın olduğu saptanmıştır. Sınıf ve baba eğitim durumu değişkenlerine göre öğrencilerin sınav kaygı düzeylerinde anlamlı farklılığın olmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bunun yanı sıra çalışmada öğrencilerin sınav kaygılarını artıran ve azaltan faktörlere ve öğrencilerin sınav günü hissettiklerine yönelik bulgulara yer verilmiştir.
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    Öğe
    Nobiletin alleviates methotrexate-induced hepatorenal toxicity in rats
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2024) Kazak, Filiz; Uyar, Ahmet; Coskun, Pinar; Yaman, Turan
    We investigated the possible ameliorative effects of nobiletin (NBL) against methotrexate (MTX)-induced hepatorenal toxicity in rats. Twenty-eight Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into four groups, namely: Control; MTX (administered 20 mg/kg MTX); MTX+NBL (administered 20 mg/kg MTX and 10 mg/kg NBL per day); and NBL (administered 10 mg/kg/day NBL). Histopathological, immunohistochemical and biochemical analyses were performed on the kidney and liver tissues of rats at the end of the study. MTX caused renal toxicity, as indicated by increases in malondialdehyde (MDA) and caspase-3, as well as decreases in reduced glutathione (GSH), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT) and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2). MTX also caused hepatotoxicity, as indicated by increases in 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), MDA and caspase-3 and decrease in interleukin 10 (IL-10), GSH, total antioxidant capacity, GPx, G6PD, CAT and Bcl-2. MTX caused histopathological changes in kidney and liver tissues indicating tissue and cellular damage. Administration of NBL concurrently with methotrexate reduced oxidative stress, inflammatory and apoptotic signs, and prevented kidney and liver damage caused by methotrexate. We consider NBL has attenuating and ameliorating effects on methotrexate-induced hepatorenal toxicity.