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Öğe Accumulation of nonessential potentially toxic trace elements (PTEs) in the some economically important seafood species of Mediterranean(2014) Yarsan, Ender; Yipel, Mustafa; Altınok Yipel , Fulya; Dikmen, BilalBu çalışma Akdeniz Antalya Körfezi’nde avlanan ekonomik öneme sahip bazı deniz ürünleri türlerindeki (Mullus barbatus, Linnaeus, 1758, Mugil cephalus, Linnaeus, 1758, Panaeus semisulcatus, De Haan, 1844) bazı esansiyel olmayan potansiyel toksik iz elementlerin (PTEs) birikim düzeylerinin ICP-OES (İndüktif Eşleşmiş Plazma-Optik Emisyon Spektrometresi) kullanılarak belirlenmesi için yapılmıştır. Örneklere ait belirlenen sonuçların ortalama ve standart sapmaları Barbunya (M. barbatus) için Ag (0.030±0.017 mg/kg), Al (12.163±7.298 mg/kg), As (0.269±0.121 mg/kg), Ni (0.084±0.067 mg/kg), Sn (0.022±0.003 mg/kg) olarak; Kefal (M. cephalus) için Ag (0.038±0.024 mg/kg), Al (11.120±4.019 mg/kg), As (0.140±0.082 mg/kg), Ni (0.060±0.050 mg/kg), Sn (0.022±0.003 mg/kg) olarak ve Yeşil Kaplan Karidesi (P. semisulcatus) için Ag (0.032±0.029 mg/kg), Al (20.924±9.829 mg/kg), As (0.249±0.116 mg/kg), Ni (0.124±0.102 mg/kg), Sn (0.026±0.004 mg/kg) olarak belirlenmiştir. İz elemetlerin belirlenen düzeyleri Al dışındakilerde ulaşılabilen günlük alım limitlerinin altında kalmıştır. Ayrıca Antalya Körfezi’nde yapılmış diğer çalışmalar değerlendirildiğinde Al düzeyleri yüksektir. Bu sonuçlar çevre kirliliği konusundaki yasal yaptırımların artmasına rağmen körfezden avlanan deniz ürünlerinin Al’a yüksek oranda mağruz kaldığını göstermiştir.Öğe Accumulation of Nonessential Potentially Toxic Trace Elements (PTEs) in the Some Economically Important Seafood Species of Mediterranean(Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2014) Yarsan, Ender; Yipel, Mustafa; Altinok Yipel, Fulya; Dikmen, BilalThis study was conducted to determine the levels of some nonessential potentially toxic trace elements (PTEs) (Ag, Al, As, Ni, Sn) of some economically important seafood species (Mullus barbatus, Linnaeus, 1758, Mugil cephalus, Linnaeus, 1758, Panaeus semisulcatus, De Haan, 1844) caught in the Gulf of Antalya Mediterranean Sea by using ICP-OES (Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optic Emission Spectrophotometer). The averages and the standard deviations of the results of the samples were determined as Ag (0.030 +/- 0.017 mg/kg), Al (12.163 +/- 7.298 mg/kg), As (0.269 +/- 0.121 mg/kg), Ni (0.084 +/- 0.067 mg/kg), Sn (0.022 +/- 0.003 mg/kg) for the Red Mullet (M. barbatus), Ag (0.038 +/- 0.024 mg/kg), Al (11.120 +/- 4.019 mg/kg), As (0.140 +/- 0.082 mg/kg), Ni (0.060 +/- 0.050 mg/kg), Sn (0.022 +/- 0.003 mg/kg) for the Grey Mullet (M. cephalus), Ag (0.032 +/- 0.029 mg/kg), Al (20.924 +/- 9.829 mg/kg), As (0.249 +/- 0.116 mg/kg), Ni (0.124 +/- 0.102 mg/kg), Sn (0.026 +/- 0.004 mg/kg) for the Green Tiger Prawn (P. semisulcatus). The determined levels of trace elements were below the available daily intake limits except Al. Also evaluation of other studies conducted in the Gulf of Antalya, Al levels are higher. These results showed that, although increasing the legal rules about environmental pollution, seafood species which caught from the Gulf are exposed to Al in a higher rate.Öğe Blood concentrations of potentially toxic trace elements (PTEs) and correlation with biochemical and hematological parameters in dogs from thrace region, Turkey(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2022) Altinok-Yipel, Fulya; Yipel, Mustafa; Altug, Nuri; Ozdemir, NurullahEnvironmental exposure to potentially toxic trace elements (PTEs) leads to health problems in animals as well as in humans. Dogs can be used as bioindicators for health status of both environment, animals and humans. The study material consisted of a total of 140 dogs from Thrace region in Turkey. Essential (Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Zn) and non-essential (As, Cd, Hg, Ni, Pb) PTEs concentrations of blood samples were determined by ICP-MS. In addition, hemogram (RBC, MCV, MCH, MCHC, HCT, WBC, HGB, PLT) and biochemical parameters (Glucose, total protein, albumin, globulin, total bilirubin, triglyceride, cholesterol, BUN, AST, ALT, ALP, GGT) levels were determined. The possible correlations between PTEs and blood parameters were investigated. The results were compared according to gender, age (<2, 2-5, >5 years), sampled location with hemogram and biochemistry data. Essential element concentrations (ppb) were sorted as Zn > Fe > Cu > Cr > Co, and non-essentials were As > Ni > Pb > Hg > Cd. There were statistically important negative or positive correlations between elements and hematological (except Fe and Cd), and biochemical parameters (except Ni) (p < 0.05, p < 0.01). It was determined that Pb concentrations (9.34-23.30 ng ml(-1)) were below the concentrations considered to be toxic in all locations, Cu concentrations (475.35-521.98 ng ml(-1)) were within the normal reference range, Zn (3229.65-4.265.00 ng ml(-1)) were higher than the reference values in all locations. Since the concentrations of elements and correlations between hematological, biochemical parameters as well as gender, age, and location in an area with heavy urban and industrial activity; indicate that the situation may be similar for other living things in the region, it constitutes a starting point for studies to be carried out in this direction.Öğe Characterisation of Phenotypic and Genotypic Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Enterococci from Cheeses in Turkey(Korean Soc Food Science Animal Resources, 2016) Kurekci, Cemil; Onen, Sevda Pehlivanlar; Yipel, Mustafa; Aslantas, Ozkan; Gundogdu, AycanThe aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of enterococci in cheese samples and to characterize their antimicrobial resistance profiles as well as the associated resistance genes. A total of 139 enterococci were isolated from 99 cheese samples, the isolates were identified as E. faecalis (61.2%), E. faecium (15.1%), E. gallinarum (12.9%), E. durans (5.0%), E. casseliflavis (2.9%) and E. avium (2.9%). The most frequent antimicrobial resistance observed in enterococci isolates was to lincomycin (88.5%), followed by kanamycin (84.2%), gentamycin (low level, 51.1%), rifampin (46.8%) and tetracycline (33.8%). Among the isolates, the frequencies of high level gentamycin and streptomycin resistant enterococci strains were 2.2% and 5.8%, respectively. Apart from the mentioned antibiotics, low levels of resistance to ciprofloxacin, erythromycin and chloramphenicol were found. Moreover no resistance was observed against penicillin and ampicillin. The antimicrobial resistance genes including tetM, tetL, ermB, cat, aph(3')-Illa, ant(6)-Ia and aac(6')-leaph(2 '')-Ia were found in enterococci from Turkish cheese samples. In the current study, we provided data for antibiotic resistance and the occurrence of resistance genes among enterococci. Regulatory and quality control programs for milk and other dairy products from farms to retail outlets has to be established and strengthened to monitor trends in antimicrobial resistance among emerging food borne pathogens in Turkey.Öğe Characterization of extended spectrum ?-lactamase ( ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli in Asi (Orontes) River in Turkey(Iwa Publishing, 2017) Kurekci, Cemil; Aydin, Muhsin; Yipel, Mustafa; Katouli, Mohammad; Gundogdu, AycanIn this study, the presence of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli in aquatic environments (the Orontes River and an urban wastewater) was investigated. Fifty-four E. coli strains resistant to cefotaxime were isolated from the river waters and nearby waste water treatment plant and screened for ESBL gene variants, different classes of integrons and sulfonamide resistance genes. The ESBL-producing E. coli strains were further characterized by PhP-typing system, phylogenetic grouping and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Of the 54 ESBL-producing strains, 14 (25.9%) belonged to four common PhP types and the remaining were of single types. CTX-M type ESBL genes were identified in 68% of the isolates. The most predominant specific CTX-M subtype identified was bla(CTX-M-15) (n=36), followed by bla(CTX-M-1) (n = 1). None of the isolates were SHV and OXA positive. Most of the ESBL positive isolates (n = 37; 68.5%) were harboring sul gene. This study indicates a widespread distribution of CTX-M-15 producing E. coli strains in the surface waters in part of Turkey, suggesting an aquatic reservoir for ESBL genes.Öğe Concentration of essential and non-essential elements and carcinogenic/non-carcinogenic health risk assessment of commercial bee pollens from Turkey(Elsevier Gmbh, 2023) Sevin, Sedat; Tutun, Hidayet; Yipel, Mustafa; Aluc, Yasar; Ekici, HusamettinBackground: Bee pollen, known as a natural super-food with valuable nutritional ingredients, is regarded as a good indicator of ecotoxic substances, such as potentially toxic elements (PTEs). Therefore, this study aims to examine the concentrations of selected PTEs (Al, As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, Sn, Sr, V, Zn) in bee pollen purchased from online markets in Turkey and perform a health risk assessment to identify the potential risk to consumers.Methods: The quantitative analyses were conducted by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES).Results: The mean values of essential PTEs in decreasing content order were Mg > Fe > Zn > Mn > Cu > Ni > Se > Cr > Mo >Co = V. Regarding the results of the study, daily consumption (40 g for adult or 20 g for children) of commercial bee pollen can recompense 20-35 % of daily Cu, Mn, Se requirements for children, adults, pregnant, and breastfeeding women. The decreasing content order of non-essential elements was Al > Sn > Sr > Ba > Pb > As. Cadmium and Hg concentrations were below the detection limits in all the samples. In terms of food and public health; detection of the PTEs concentrations is necessary to assess the quality and safety of bee pollen before consumption. According to the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk assessments; commercial pollen consumption does not pose a health risk to either children or adults for the PTEs monitored in this study.Conclusion: We conclude that bee pollen is an ideal indicator for the monitoring of environmental pollution of PTEs and also a valuable source of essential elements. This study highlights the need to develop standards that regulate acceptable concentrations of PTEs.Öğe Concentrations of Essential and Non-essential Toxic Trace Elements in Wild Boar (Sus Scrofa L., 1758) Tissues from Southern Turkey(Springer, 2014) Yarsan, Ender; Yipel, Mustafa; Dikmen, Bilal; Altintas, Levent; Ekici, Husamettin; Koksal, AliWild animals, including wild boars, are suitable for use as bioindicators. The aim of this study was to evaluate the concentrations of selected essential (Co, Cu, Fe, Se, Zn) and non-essential (As, Cd, Pb) potentially toxic trace elements in various tissues (hair and hoof) of wild boars hunted in the vicinity of Antalya province in Turkey, in relation to hunting seasons. Concentrations in mg/kg on dry weight basis were determined as 0.37 +/- A 0.27 mg/kg for As, 0.05 +/- A 0.04 mg/kg for Cd, 0.24 +/- A 0.33 mg/kg for Co, 4.84 +/- A 2.48 mg/kg for Cu, 289.94 +/- A 165.26 mg/kg for Fe, 8.71 +/- A 15.68 mg/kg for Pb, 0.24 +/- A 0.10 mg/kg for Se, and 28.99 +/- A 21.41 mg/kg for Zn in the hair samples; and as 0.11 +/- A 0.04 mg/kg for As, 0.01 +/- A 0.04 mg/kg for Cd, 0.01 +/- A 0.01 mg/kg for Co, 1.03 +/- A 0.25 mg/kg for Cu, 56.88 +/- A 18.68 mg/kg for Fe, 0.30 +/- A 0.18 mg/kg for Pb, 0.11 +/- A 0.05 mg/kg for Se, and 17.91 +/- A 10.98 mg/kg for Zn in the hoof samples.Öğe The content and health risk assessment of selected elements in bee pollen and propolis from Turkey(Academic Press Inc Elsevier Science, 2022) Tutun, Hidayet; Aluc, Yasar; Kahraman, Hatice Ahu; Sevin, Sedat; Yipel, Mustafa; Ekici, HusamettinThis study aimed to determine the concentrations of potentially toxic elements (PTEs), including Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Se, Sn, V, and Zn, in pollen and propolis samples collected from migratory beekeeping areas in Turkey. A health risk assessment was performed to identify the potential risk of these PTEs to consumers in terms of public health. Concentrations of the elements were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy. The most abundant element in the bee pollen and propolis samples was Fe, with average concentrations of 47.3 and 390 mg kg(-1), respectively, followed by Al, Zn, Mn and Sn. Concentrations of all elements except Cu, Mn and Sn were higher in propolis than in pollen. The concentrations of Fe, Al, and Zn in the propolis samples were over eight, seven, and two times higher than in the bee pollen samples, respectively. Se, Cd, and Hg in pollen and Se and Cd in propolis were below the detection limits. Pb, Co, and Cr were detected below 0.62, 0.06, and 0.91 mg kg(-1), in pollen samples, respectively. Co and Hg were detected below 0.68, and 0.18 mg kg(-1), in propolis samples, respectively. Detection of the PTEs contamination level and assessment of the health risks in pollen and propolis is necessary to ascertain quality and safety before consumption. In this study, we concluded that bee pollen and propolis may be good indicators for the screening of environmental pollution with PTEs and standards regulating acceptable concentrations of these pollutants in bee products should be established. In addition, it has been determined that consumption at the specified rates does not pose a risk. This study suggests the determination of admissible concentrations of PTEs in bee pollen and propolis.Öğe Determination of selected antibiotics in farmed fish species using LC-MS/MS(Wiley, 2017) Yipel, Mustafa; Kurekci, Cemil; Tekeli, Ibrahim O.; Metli, Murat; Sakin, FatihThe aim of the study was to monitor the occurrence of 37 antibiotics from different classes including fluoroquinolone, tetracycline, macrolide, sulphonamide, penicillin, amphenicol and cephalosporin in three different farmed fish species (n=75; rainbow trout, see bass, gilthead see bream) from five cities in Turkey. A method for LC-MS/MS was optimized and validated to assess these antibiotics. As a result, 25 samples showed contamination with at least one antibiotic residue. The most detected antibiotics were norfloxacin (NOR) (18.7%), marbofloxacin (MAR) (12%), tetracycline (TC) (10.7), danofloxacin (DAN) (9.3%), oxytetracycline (OTC) (9.3%), tilmicosin (TLM) (8%) and enrofloxacin (ENR) (6.7%). A total of 17.3% of samples examined were found to be contaminated with residues exceeding the maximum residue limits (MRLs). The results indicate that antibiotics are frequently used in aquaculture production without the lack of knowledge. This study also revealed that the consumption of farmed fish could produce a public health concern as the level of residues for some antibiotics was much higher than MRLs.Öğe Distribution and Ecotoxicological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Streams of Amanos Mountains from Southern Turkey(Springer, 2021) Yipel, Mustafa; Tekeli, Ibrahim Ozan; Dikmen, Bilal; Yarsan, EnderAssessing the potential ecological risks of chemical pollutants like heavy metals is a key tool of a sustainable environment. With this goal, ecotoxicological significant metal (Al, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn) levels of the water (n = 32) and sediment (n = 32) samples of streams [rural (8 points) and urban (8 points) sides] on Amanos Mountains were determined by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and ecotoxicological risk assessment was performed through the potential ecological risk index (RI). The study region with intense urban activities has also ecological importance with regards to wildlife. It is located on the migration route of birds, hosts loggerhead and green sea turtles, Mediterranean seals, and some terrestrial species like mountain gazelle and striped hyena. All calculated RI values were below the potential risk limits and the ecotoxicological risk was observed to be very low. Metal levels should be monitored periodically, and necessary measures should be taken before the reflection of the increase to be determined by the risk assessment on the ecosystem.Öğe Essential and Non-Essential Metal Concentrations in Shrimps from Iskenderun Bay, Türkiye(2022) Yipel, Mustafa; Tekeli, İbrahim OzanContamination of the aquatic environment and living things with pollutants is increasing daily. Among these pollutants, heavy metals come to the forefront regarding toxicological and public health due to their widespread use, toxicity, and resistance to degradation, as well as accumulation and biomagnification in the food chain. The study aimed to determine the essential (Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Zn) and non-essential (As, Al, Cd, Pb) metal concentrations by ICP-OES of Metapenaeus monoceros, Penaeus japonicus, Penaeus semisulcatus (n=30) caught from the Northeastern Mediterranean, Iskenderun Bay. The concentration of Cd, Cr, Ni, and Pb were under LOD. The concentration (ppm) ranges were Al: 0.73-38.89, As: 2.18-9.68, Cu: 28.96-69.01, Fe: 7.85-241.36, Mn: 0.44-1.28, and Zn: 51.71-108.51 for all species. Except for the As concentrations, the differences between mean concentrations of metals in shrimp species were not statistically significant. When the results of the study are compared with the findings of other studies on shrimps caught from the Iskenderun Bay, it shows that Cd, Cr, Ni, and Pb contamination levels decreased, while Cu, Fe, and Zn contamination levels increased.Öğe Ethnoveterinary Uses of Medicinal Plants in Mediterranean District, Turkey(Chiminform Data S A, 2017) Yipel, Mustafa; Yipel, Fulya Altinok; Tekeli, Ibrahim Ozan; Guzel, YeldaEthnoveterinary Medicine (EVM) research is defined as the reevaluation of the animal disease prevention and treatment folklore dating back to 14,000 years using modern and scientific methods. The knowledge acquired in centuries by trial and error has been used in medicine and has reached today by being transferred from generation to generation. As the science of chemistry has developed after the 18th century, synthetic or semi-synthetic materials have replaced the plants as raw materials for drugs. However, the emerging problems caused by the side effects of modern drugs in the recent years have popularized the use of natural drugs again. This study is conducted in the Mediterranean Region which is ranked at the top of medical aromatic plant diversity list in Turkey. 60 participants living in the region, chosen by random sampling have been interviewed face-to-face and we have tried to measure their knowledge about the plants they use for EVM. The obtained information has enabled us to make 168 citations to 67 different plants used in animal diseases. L. nobilis L., (%7.14), Mentha spp. and Urtica urens L. (%4. 17) were the most prominent among these plants and it was reported that the medicinal plants were mostly used for gastrointestinal disorders (%26). Although EVM parctices reached today and are still being widely applied, the recorded information about this subject in Turkey and many other countries is inadequate. This study presents information about the plants used in Turkey's Mediterranean region for EVM and how they are used to treat which diseases.Öğe Health Risk Assessment of Essential and Toxic Metals in Canned/Pouched Food on Kitten and Adult Cats: an Animal Health Risk Assessment Adaptation Assay(Springernature, 2022) Altinok-Yipel, Fulya; Yipel, Mustafa; Tekeli, Ibrahim OzanThe main aim of this study was to determine the levels of Al, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn in commercial canned and pouched cat foods (salmon, tuna, liver, fish, and other aquatic products) and assess the potential health risks to kitten (<= 1 years old) and adult cats (>= 1 years old) associated with the recommended average consumption rate of labels. The study was also aimed to adapt the health risk assessment method to animal health and to support clinical prevention and diagnosis. The detected levels of the metals were below the data from other studies, except the mean Fe in all and Pb levels in salmon and kitten foods. Target hazard quotient (THQ) and total target hazard quotient (TTHQ) values did not exceed 1. That means the studied metals do not pose a health risk for adult cats and kittens. Dietary Hg and Cd should also be considered in the differential diagnosis of cases with clinical or postmortem findings, especially regarding neurological, kidney, and liver tissues. In conclusion, although canned/pouched consumption does not pose a health risk with regard to metals, further studies of health risk assessment for other pollutants by this first adaptation method will be necessary.Öğe Heavy metal distribution in blood, liver and kidneys of Loggerhead (Caretta caretta) and Green (Chelonia mydas) sea turtles from the Northeast Mediterranean Sea(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2017) Yipel, Mustafa; Tekeli, Ibrahim Ozan; Isler, Cafer Tayer; Altug, Muhammed EnesThe aim of the present study was to determine the concentrations of the most investigated environmentally relevant heavy metals in two highly endangered sea turtle species (Caretta caretta and Chelonia mydas) from the important nesting area on the Northeast Mediterranean Sea. The highest mean concentration was of Fe, while Hg and Pb were lowest. All tissue concentrations of Al, As, Fe and Mn were significantly different between the species. In particular, As, Cd, Cu, Mn, Ni, Se, Zn concentrations were lower in Caretta caretta and Cd, Hg, Mn, Zn concentrations were lower in Chelonia mydas than those reported in other parts of the world. Compared to studies conductud in other parts of the Mediterranean, Cd was lower.Öğe Heavy metal levels in farmed and wild fishes of Aegean Sea and assessment of potential risks to human health(2016) Yipel, Mustafa; Türk, Erdinç; Tekeli, İbrahim Ozan; Oğuz, HalisBu çalışmada Ege Denizinden avlanan vahşi çipura (Sparus aurata), izmarit (Spicara maena), mercan (Pagellus erythrinus) ve çiftlik çipura (Sparus aurata) türlerinin Ag, Al, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb ve Zn düzeylerinin belirlenerek tüketimlerine bağlı olarak insan sağlığı risk değerlendirmesi yapılması amaçlandı. Toplam 40 adet balık toplandı ve metal düzeyleri ICP-OES ile belirlendi. Çalışmada balık türlerindeki metal düzeyleri Ag (Nd), Al (3.20-8.87), Co (0.01-0.01), Cr (0.02-0.51), Cu (0.96-1.28), Fe (0.23-4.30), Mn (0.15-0.39), Ni (0.130.22), Pb (0.00-0.10) ve Zn (6.18-7.30) (mg kg-1 y.a.) olarak belirlendi. Örneklerde Ag ve Cd'a rastlanmadı. Belirlenen ağır metal düzeyleri ulusal ve uluslararası yasal limitlerin altında bulundu. Ağır metallerin insan sağlığı üzerine olası risklerinin değerlendirilmesinde target hazard quotient (THQ) ve total target hazard quotient (TTHQ) metodu kullanıldı. THQ ve TTHQ değerleride 1'in altında bulundu ve insan sağlığı açısından herhangi bir risk oluşturmadığı sonucuna varıldı.Öğe Hepatoprotective Activity of Linalool in Rats Against Liver Injury Induced by Carbon Tetrachloride(Verlag Hans Huber, 2020) Altinok-Yipel, Fulya; Tekeli, Ibrahim Ozan; Ozsoy, Sule Yurdagul; Guvenc, Mehmet; Kaya, Alpaslan; Yipel, MustafaThis study aimed to investigate and compare hepatoprotective activity of Coriandrum sativum (Cs) and it is major component linalool (Ln) against experimentally induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Essential oil of Cs was isolated by hydrodistillation method and chemical composition was determined by GS-MS analysis. 42 male Wistar Albino rats were divited into 7 groups each containing 6. The experimental groups were designed as: Normal control group, 1 ml/kg CCl4 administirated group, 25 mg/kg Silymarin and CCl4 administirated group, 100 and 200 mg/kg Cs and CCl4 administirated groups, 100 and 200 mg/kg Ln and CCl4 administered groups. The protective activities were determined according to the results of liver biomarkers (AST, ALT, ALP), antioxidant parameters (GSH, GPx, CAT), lipid peroxidation (MDA) and histopathological examination. Linalool percentage of Cs was 81.6%. The groups treated with linalool (100 and 200 mg/kg) (p < 0.01) and coriander (200 mg/kg) (p < 0.05) had significantly reduced AST (262-375) and ALT (101-290) levels (U/L) compared to the CCl4 (600-622) group. The levels (nmol/g protein) of MDA (11-12) were significantly lower (p < 0.01), the levels of GSH (11-12) and the activities of CAT (23-24) were significantly higher (p < 0.01) in linalool groups (100 and 200 mg/kg) compared to the CCl4 (18-5-10 respectively) group. These results were also supported by histopathological findings and indicate that Cs and Ln shows hepatoprotective activity against liver damage. In this regard, evaluation of activities of major components are needed to compare to medicinal plants in experimental diseases models.Öğe Investigation of the Concentrations of Some Essential Elements in LPS-Induced Septicemic Sheep(2022) Yipel, Fulya Altınok; Yipel, MustafaEndotoxemia, which is defined as an organ disorder due to irregular immunological host response to infection, is a disease that causes serious economic losses as a result of high mortality and morbidity in sheep. In the study, macro (Ca, Mg, Na, K, P) and micro (Fe, Cu, Se, Zn) essential element concentrations of plasma and serum samples; taken from healthy (control) (n=6) and septicemic sheep (n=6) were determined. According to the results, the differences between the groups in terms of Ca, K, and Se concentrations were statistically significant (p?0.05). Comprehensive studies on the concentrations and changes of elements using sensitive analysis methods such as ICP-MS are needed to successful diagnose and treat septic patients, identify new biomarkers, and explain their mechanisms.Öğe Investigation of the effectiveness of some plant compounds and essential oils of corymbia citriodora against foodborne pathogens(2016) Kürekçi, Cemil; Yipel, Mustafa; Önen Pehlivanlar, SevdaThe purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of plant derived compounds and essential oils of Corymbia citriodoraagainst selected Gram negative and Gram positive foodborne pathogens in broth dilution assay. The combination of compounds (cineole, terpinen-4-ol and ?-terpineol; CT?T) were further tested at three different concentrations (0.2, 0.4 and 0.8%) for the killing effect against E. coliO157:H7 and L. monocytogenesin milk including whole fat and skim fat. CT?T showed antimicrobial activity against all bacteria tested at minimum inhibition concentrations (MICs) from 0.125% to 1% in broth dilution assay. Linalool was also found to be antimicrobial at MICs between 0.25% and 2%, but not for Enterococcus casseliflavus. Further study carried out in milk showed that CT?T at concentrations of 0.4% and 0.8% significantly reduced the population of E. coliO157:H7 under detection limit in skim milk, whereas it was only effective at 0.8% in whole fat milk. CT?T, on the other hand, shown to be less active towardsL. monocytogenesas only significant effect was observed at 0.8% in skim milk. Taken together results of the present study indicate that plant derived compounds could be valuable alternatives to inactivatefoodborne pathogens in milk.Öğe İskenderun-Samandağı arası denize dökülen yüzeysel su kaynaklarının ağır metal kirliliğinin araştırılması(2016) Tekeli, İbrahim Ozan; Yipel, MustafaKoruma politikalarına rağmen çeşitli sebeplerle ekosistem hızlı bir şekilde kirlenmektedir. Dolayısıyla kirlilik düzeyinin ve canlı sistemler üzerine etkilerinin periyodik aralıklarla izlenmesi gerekmektedir. Ağır metaller; birçok alanda aşırı kullanımı, canlı sistemlerde birikme eğilimi ve besin zinciriyle üst basamaklardaki canlılara artarak taşınmaları nedeniyle sucul kirleticiler arasında önemli bir sınıfı oluşturmaktadır. Ekolojik önemi nedeniyle ağır metal kirliliği açısından Amanos Dağları yüzeysel suların sürekli izlenmesi ve ekosistem üzerindeki çevre kirliliğinin oluşturduğu stresin önceden belirlenmesi önemlidir. Ağır metallerden; canlılar açısından riskler oluşturan ve herhangi bir biyolojik değeri bilinmeyen Al, As, Cd, Hg ve Pb ile canlılar için esansiyel fakat belirli düzeylerin üzerinde birikim yoluyla meydana getirdikleri zararlı etkiler açısından önemli olan Cu, Cr, Fe, Ni ve Zn düzeyleri belirlenerek ekolojik risk açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Yapılan risk değerlendirmesi sonucunda bölgesel herhangi bir riskin olmadığı belirlenmiştir.Öğe Multifunctional Materials for Cancer Therapy: From Antitumoral Agents to Innovative Administration(Bentham Science Publ Ltd, 2016) Yipel, Mustafa; Ghica, Mihaela V.; Kaya, Madalina G. Albu; Spoiala, Angela; Radulescu, Marius; Ficai, Denisa; Ficai, AntonBy the developmentof new antineoplastic drugs addressed tospecific sites (key to tumor growth), targeted agents, which do not interfere with most normal cells have many advantages like fewer side effects (as personalized treatment), and prolonged survival time of cancer patients compared to conventional therapy. As current approaches in cancer therapy, drug delivery systems based on polymers (synthetic, natural or combinations like micelles, nanospheres, nanocapsules, nanogels, polymer-drug conjugates, polymer-drug polyplex, polymersomes) are more benefic compared to parent free drug, because of targeted effect of delivery, low toxicity, solubility in biological fluids and immunostimulatory effects. Synthetic polymers (polyesters, polyamides and polyethers) are the most used core materials for drug delivery systems, many of them being officially certified. On the other hand due to their better biocompatibility and biodegradability, the natural ones (polysaccharides and proteins) are still a hot topic on cancer therapy as drug delivery and targeting materials. This article reviews the multifunctional materials used in targeting of drugs with polymer based delivery systems as current-day data and key of future applications on cancer therapy. An increasing interest in the last decades returns to the new, engineered inorganic materials as well as to the newly optimized composites and nanocomposites.
