Türkiye' de beşeri sermaye ve ihracat arasındaki ilişki
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2021
Yazarlar
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Yayıncı
Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Globalleşen dünya ekonomilerinde, ihracat ve beşeri sermaye kavramları önemli bir yere sahiptir. Çünkü ihracat beraberinde ülkeye büyüme, kalkınma, döviz, girişimcilik ve teknoloji de getirebilmektedir. Beşeri sermaye ise teknolojinin üreticisi ve kullanıcısı olduğu için ekonomide büyük bir öneme sahiptir. Bu çalışmada beşeri sermaye ve ihracat arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın temel amacı, Türkiye' de ekonomik büyümenin unsurlarından olan ihracatın gerçekleşebilmesi ve geliştirilebilmesi için fiziki sermayeye ek olarak beşeri sermayenin de gerekli olabileceğini ifade etmektir. Aynı zamanda dış ticaretimizi şekillendiren ihracat kavramı üzerinde durularak, beşeri sermaye ile etkileşim içinde olup olmadıkları incelenmiştir. Türkiye için 1988-2018 yıllarına ait yıllık veriler, ARDL (Auto-Regressive Distributed Lags) modeli çerçevesinde analiz edilmiştir. Birim kök testi olarak ADF ve PP testleri uygulanmıştır. Eş bütünleşme ilişkisinin varlığı ARDL sınır testi ile belirlenmiştir. Analizin sonuçlarına göre beşeri sermaye, ihracat ve ekonomik büyüme arasında uzun dönemli ve anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Modelin kararlılığına bakmak için de CUSUM ve CUSUMSQ grafikleri incelenmiş ve değişkenlere yönelik herhangi bir kırılmanın olmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Son olarak değişkenler arasında nedensellik ilişkisi olup olmadığını ölçmek için Granger nedensellik testi uygulanmıştır.
In the globalizing world economies, the concepts of export and human capital have an important place. Because exports can bring growth, development, foreign exchange, entrepreneurship and technology to the country. Human capital, on the other hand, has a great importance in the economy as it is the producer and user of technology. In this study, the relationship between human capital and exports was examined. The main purpose of the study is to express that in addition to physical capital, human capital may be necessary for the realization and development of exports, which is one of the elements of economic growth in Turkey. At the same time, by emphasizing the concept of export that shapes our foreign trade, it has been examined whether they interact with human capital. Annual data for Turkey for the years 1988-2018 were analyzed within the framework of ARDL (Auto-Regressive Distributed Lags) model. ADF and PP tests were applied as unit root tests. The existence of cointegration relationship was determined by ARDL bounds test. According to the results of the analysis, it has been observed that there is a long-term and significant relationship between human capital, exports and economic growth. In order to check the stability of the model, CUSUM and CUSUMSQ graphs were examined and it was concluded that there was no break for the variables. Finally, the Granger causality test was applied to measure whether there is a causal relationship between the variables.
In the globalizing world economies, the concepts of export and human capital have an important place. Because exports can bring growth, development, foreign exchange, entrepreneurship and technology to the country. Human capital, on the other hand, has a great importance in the economy as it is the producer and user of technology. In this study, the relationship between human capital and exports was examined. The main purpose of the study is to express that in addition to physical capital, human capital may be necessary for the realization and development of exports, which is one of the elements of economic growth in Turkey. At the same time, by emphasizing the concept of export that shapes our foreign trade, it has been examined whether they interact with human capital. Annual data for Turkey for the years 1988-2018 were analyzed within the framework of ARDL (Auto-Regressive Distributed Lags) model. ADF and PP tests were applied as unit root tests. The existence of cointegration relationship was determined by ARDL bounds test. According to the results of the analysis, it has been observed that there is a long-term and significant relationship between human capital, exports and economic growth. In order to check the stability of the model, CUSUM and CUSUMSQ graphs were examined and it was concluded that there was no break for the variables. Finally, the Granger causality test was applied to measure whether there is a causal relationship between the variables.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ekonomi, Economics
