1990 sonrası yaşanan krizlerin Türkiye'nin dış ticaret yapısı üzerinde meydana getirdiği değişim
Loading...
Date
2007
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi
Access Rights
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Abstract
Serbest dıs ticaretin, ülkelerin ekonomik gelisimi üzerindeki etkileri, A. Smith'den beri bilimsel tartısma konusudur. Türkiye 1980'den sonra serbest dıs ticarete yönelik politikaları uygulamıstır. Bu politikalardan en önemlisi, 1989 yılında, sermaye hareketleri üzerindeki engellerin kaldırılmasıdır. 1989 sonrası Türkiye ekonomisi, kendi iç dinamikleriyle büyümekten uzaklasmıs ve sermaye hareketlerine bagımlı hale gelmistir. Kısa vadeli sermayenin yogun giris ve çıkısı sonucu 1994 ve 2001 yıllarında iki büyük kriz yasanmıstır. Krizlerden önce, iç talepteki artıs sonucu ekonomik büyüme yasanmıs, fakat kriz yıllarında, iç talep daraldıgı ve Türk Lirası (TL) deger kaybettigi için üretici kesim ihracata yönelmistir. Yasanan kriz dönemlerinde TL'nin deger kaybetmesi sonucunda Türkiye'nin dıs ticaret açıgı küçülmüstür. TL'nin degerlendigi dönemlerde ise bu açık sürekli artmıstır. Bu açık ekonomik büyümeden ziyade, TL'nin reel degerine baglıdır. 2003'ten sonra, TL'nin sürekli deger kazanması sonucu basta ara malı olmak üzere Türkiye'nin ithalata bagımlılıgı büyük ölçüde artmıstır.
The effects of free foreign trade are a subject of an academic argument, since A. Smith. Turkey has applied policies aiming at freeing foreign trade, after 1980s. One of those important policies has been the removal of the restrictions which was a force upon the capital movements. After 1989, Turkish economy, has gone away from growing by its own internal dynamics and has become dependent upon the capital movements. As a result of the 1994 and 2001 intensive short-termed capital movements, two big crises have occured. Before these crises, an economic growth has occurred, due to the increasing domestic demand but in the crises period, producers turned toward export because, domestic demand has decreased and Turkish Liras has depreciated. Moreover in the period, Turkey contracted the foreign trade deficit because of the depreciation in Turkish Liras (TL). On the contrary, in the years in which TL has become over-valued foreign trade deficits have regularly risen up. This deficit was dependent on the real value of TL, instead of the economic growth. After 2003, the growing value of TL has resulted in Turkey?s dependency on the import mainly of the intermediate goods.
The effects of free foreign trade are a subject of an academic argument, since A. Smith. Turkey has applied policies aiming at freeing foreign trade, after 1980s. One of those important policies has been the removal of the restrictions which was a force upon the capital movements. After 1989, Turkish economy, has gone away from growing by its own internal dynamics and has become dependent upon the capital movements. As a result of the 1994 and 2001 intensive short-termed capital movements, two big crises have occured. Before these crises, an economic growth has occurred, due to the increasing domestic demand but in the crises period, producers turned toward export because, domestic demand has decreased and Turkish Liras has depreciated. Moreover in the period, Turkey contracted the foreign trade deficit because of the depreciation in Turkish Liras (TL). On the contrary, in the years in which TL has become over-valued foreign trade deficits have regularly risen up. This deficit was dependent on the real value of TL, instead of the economic growth. After 2003, the growing value of TL has resulted in Turkey?s dependency on the import mainly of the intermediate goods.
Description
Keywords
Ekonomi, Economics
