Kavun solgunluk patojeni Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. melonis'e karşı farklı kompostlardan elde edilen mikroorganizmaların in vitro antifungal etkileri
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2012
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
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Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Toprak kökenli hastalıkların baskılanması kompostlarda bulunan antagonist mikroorganizmaların faaliyetlerine bağlanmaktadır. Kompostlarda doğal bir şekilde kolonize olabilen baskılama yeteneğine sahip mikroorganizmalar büyük çapta bir çeşitlilik göstermektedir.Bu çalışmada, Hatay ili ve çevresindeki zeytin üretim alanlarından, zeytinyağıfabrikasından, ticari silaj ve küspe yapım tesislerinden ve MKÜ Selam Çiftliğinden sağlanan materyallerden oluşturulan kompostlardan izole edilen 27 fungus ve 34 bakteri izolatının, toprak kökenli fungal etmen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis (FOM)' in gelişimini engellemeleri üzerine olan etkinlikleri in vitro koşullarda araştırılmıştır. Elde edilen fungal izolatlar arasında 12 (toplam izolatın % 44.4' ü) ve bakteriyel izolatlar arasında 31 bakteri izolatı (toplam izolatın % 91.1'i) ikili kültür denemelerinde, FOM' in miselyal gelişimini değişik oranlarda engelleyerek antagonizm göstermiştir. Antagonistik potansiyele sahip fungal izolatlardan 11 tanesini Penicillium spp. ve 1' ni Aspergillus niger oluştururken, teşhisi yapılabilen bakteriyel izolatların çoğunluğunu Bacillus spp. (% 73.3) oluşturmuştur. Farklı kompostlardan elde edilen Penicillium türlerinden K3F:0:4:1, K4F:0:5:2, K4F:1:4:2 ve Aspergillus niger izolatı K3F:2:4:3 ve 5 bakteriyel etmenden Enterobacter-gergoviae (K4B:4:7:1), Bacillus cereus (K1B:4:8:1), Salmonella typhimurium (K5B:1:4:3), Bacillus amyloliqefaciens (K5B:0:5:1), Bacillus subtilis(K3B:4:8:1)' in FOM' a karşı en yüksek düzeyde antagonistik potansiyele sahip oldukları belirlenmiştir. Antagonistik bakterilerin in vitro etkinliği, fungus inokulasyonu öncesi ön inkübasyon süresine bağlı olarak artış göstermiştir.
Compost suppression of soilborne diseases in horticultural crops has been attributed to the activities of antagonistic microorganisms. A great diversity of microorganisms, capable of suppressing pathogens naturally colonize compost. In this study inhibition of soilborne fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis(FOM) by 27 fungi and 34 bacteria strains isolated from the composts made up from the materials obtained from olive orchards, an olive oil factory, commercial silage and animal feed production facilities and MKU Selam Farm in Hatay province was studied in vitro conditions. Twelve of the fungal strains (44.4% of total strains) and 31 bacterial strains (91%1 of total strains) were appeared to be antagonist against FOM, showing inhibition of mycelial growth in different ratios in double-culture experiments. Eleven of the antagonist fungus strains were Penicillium spp. and 1 was Aspergillus niger, and most of the identified bacterial strains were Bacillus spp. (73.3%). Penicillium strains K3F:0:4:1, K4F:0:5:2, K4F:1:4:2 and K3F:2:4:3 Aspergillusniger strain and 5 bacterial strains Enterobacter-gergoviae (K4B:4:7:1), Bacillus cereus(K1B:4:8:1), Salmonella typhimurium (K5B:1:4:3), Bacillus amyloliqefaciens(K5B:0:5:1), Bacillussubtilis (K3B:4:8:1) which were isolated from different composts, were determined to have high potential of antagonism against the fungus tested. In vitroefficiency of the antagonist bacterial strains increased depending on the pre-incubation period before the fungus inoculation. Key words: Biological control, compost, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. melonis
Compost suppression of soilborne diseases in horticultural crops has been attributed to the activities of antagonistic microorganisms. A great diversity of microorganisms, capable of suppressing pathogens naturally colonize compost. In this study inhibition of soilborne fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis(FOM) by 27 fungi and 34 bacteria strains isolated from the composts made up from the materials obtained from olive orchards, an olive oil factory, commercial silage and animal feed production facilities and MKU Selam Farm in Hatay province was studied in vitro conditions. Twelve of the fungal strains (44.4% of total strains) and 31 bacterial strains (91%1 of total strains) were appeared to be antagonist against FOM, showing inhibition of mycelial growth in different ratios in double-culture experiments. Eleven of the antagonist fungus strains were Penicillium spp. and 1 was Aspergillus niger, and most of the identified bacterial strains were Bacillus spp. (73.3%). Penicillium strains K3F:0:4:1, K4F:0:5:2, K4F:1:4:2 and K3F:2:4:3 Aspergillusniger strain and 5 bacterial strains Enterobacter-gergoviae (K4B:4:7:1), Bacillus cereus(K1B:4:8:1), Salmonella typhimurium (K5B:1:4:3), Bacillus amyloliqefaciens(K5B:0:5:1), Bacillussubtilis (K3B:4:8:1) which were isolated from different composts, were determined to have high potential of antagonism against the fungus tested. In vitroefficiency of the antagonist bacterial strains increased depending on the pre-incubation period before the fungus inoculation. Key words: Biological control, compost, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. melonis
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ziraat, Agriculture, Biyolojik mücadele, kompost, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. melonis
