Hatay ili'nde küçükbaş hayvancılık yapan ailelerin sosyo-ekonomik yapısı
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2022
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
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Yayıncı
Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Hatay Türkiye'nin önemli bir tarım bölgesidir. Bitkisel üretimin yanında hayvansal üretim ve özellikle küçükbaş hayvan yetiştiriciliği bölge ekonomisine ve istihdamına katkı sağlamaktadır. Hatay İli'nde küçükbaş hayvancılıkla uğraşan işletmelerin sosyal ve ekonomik durumları, küçükbaş hayvancılık faaliyetinde karşılaştıkları başlıca sorunlar ve bu sorunların giderilmesine yönelik çözüm önerilerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılan bu araştırmada, Hatay Bölgesi'nde faaliyet gösteren 53 adet işletme ile yüz-yüze görüşme yöntemiyle derlenen anket verileri kullanılmıştır. Anket sonuçları SPSS bilgisayar paket programı ile analiz edilmiştir. Veriler, 2021 yılını kapsamaktadır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, incelenen işletmelerin aile birey sayısı ortalama 5,36'dır. Yetiştiricilerin %69.8'i ilkokul, %18,9'u ortaokul, %5.7'si okuma-yazma bilmeyenler, %3.8'si lise mezunu ve %1.8'u ise üniversite mezunudur. Yaş ortalaması 43,62 olup, ortalama deneyim süresi 22,28 yıldır. İşletmelerin erkek işgücü birimi (EİB) ortalaması 3,88'dir. Küçükbaş hayvan işletmelerinin ortalama arazi varlığı 121,72 da olup, sulu arazi 67,45 da kuru arazi 54,27 da olarak belirlenmiştir. Araştırmaya konu olan işletmelerin toplam arazi varlığının %21.1'i mülk, %52.5'i kiraya tutulan ve %26.4'ü ise ortağa tutulan arazidir. İncelenen işletmelerde hayvan başına düşen ortalama yem masrafı 460 TL olup, yem masraflarının %30.87'lik payı kaba yem ve %69.13'lük payı kesif yem masrafları almaktadır. İşletmelerin toplam hayvan sermayesi ortalama 1.700.046 TL olup, sermayenin %94.85'ini küçükbaş hayvan %5.15'ini büyükbaş hayvan sermayesinden oluşmaktadır. İşletmelerin hayvansal üretimden elde ettiği ortalama geliri 355.403 TL'dir. Gelirin %63.94'ü çiğ sütten, %13.19'u peynirden ve %4.87'si yoğurttan sağlanmaktadır.
Hatay is an important agricultural region of Turkey. In addition to plant production, animal production and especially ovine breeding contribute to the economy and employment of the region. In this research, which was carried out to determine the social and economic conditions of the small cattle breeding farmers in Hatay Province, the main problems they encounter in small cattle breeding activities and the solution proposals for the elimination of these problems, the survey data compiled by face-to-face interviews with 53 enterprises operating in the Hatay region used. The survey results were analyzed with the SPSS computer package program. The data covers the year 2021. According to the results of the research, the average number of family members of the examined businesses is 5.36. 69.8% of the breeders are primary school, 18.9% are secondary school, 5.7% are illiterate, 3.8% are high school graduates and 1.8% are university graduates. The average age is 43.62 years and the average experience period is 22.28 years. The average male labor unit (EIB) of the farmers is 3.88. The average land size of small cattle farmers is 121.72 decares, and irrigated land is 67.45 decares and dry land is 54.27 decares. 21.1% of the total land assets of the farmers subject to the research is property, 52.5% is rented land and 26.4% is shared land. Average feed cost per animal in the examined enterprises is 460 TL, and 30.87% of feed costs are forage and 69.13% of concentrate feed costs. The total animal capital of the farmers is 1,700,046 TL on average, 94.85% of the capital is small cattle and 5.15% is cattle capital. The average income of the farmers from animal production is 355.403 TL. 63.94% of the income is from raw milk, 13.19% from cheese and 4.87% from yoghurt.
Hatay is an important agricultural region of Turkey. In addition to plant production, animal production and especially ovine breeding contribute to the economy and employment of the region. In this research, which was carried out to determine the social and economic conditions of the small cattle breeding farmers in Hatay Province, the main problems they encounter in small cattle breeding activities and the solution proposals for the elimination of these problems, the survey data compiled by face-to-face interviews with 53 enterprises operating in the Hatay region used. The survey results were analyzed with the SPSS computer package program. The data covers the year 2021. According to the results of the research, the average number of family members of the examined businesses is 5.36. 69.8% of the breeders are primary school, 18.9% are secondary school, 5.7% are illiterate, 3.8% are high school graduates and 1.8% are university graduates. The average age is 43.62 years and the average experience period is 22.28 years. The average male labor unit (EIB) of the farmers is 3.88. The average land size of small cattle farmers is 121.72 decares, and irrigated land is 67.45 decares and dry land is 54.27 decares. 21.1% of the total land assets of the farmers subject to the research is property, 52.5% is rented land and 26.4% is shared land. Average feed cost per animal in the examined enterprises is 460 TL, and 30.87% of feed costs are forage and 69.13% of concentrate feed costs. The total animal capital of the farmers is 1,700,046 TL on average, 94.85% of the capital is small cattle and 5.15% is cattle capital. The average income of the farmers from animal production is 355.403 TL. 63.94% of the income is from raw milk, 13.19% from cheese and 4.87% from yoghurt.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ziraat, Agriculture
