Turunçgil ekşi çürüklük hastalığı etmeni Geotrichum citri-aurantii'ye karşı bitki uçucu yağ ve ana bileşenlerinin antifungal etkinliğinin belirlenmesi
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Date
2014
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Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Abstract
Bu çalışmada, Doğu Akdeniz Bölgesinde yetişen Suriye kekiği (Origanum syriacum var. bevanii Holmes), kaba kekik (Thymus serpyllum L.), karabaş kekiği (Thymbra spicata subsp. spicata L.), rezene (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.), karabaş lavanta (Lavandula stoechas var. stoechas) ve okaliptus (Eucalyptus camandulensis L.) bitki türlerinden elde edilen uçucu yağlar ile aldehit (trans-cinnamaldehyde), fenol (carvacrol, trans-anethole ve eugenol), keton (carvone) ve alkol (linalool) yapılardaki farklı bitkisel kökenli uçucu yağ ana bileşenlerinin in vitro antifungal etkinliği turunçgil meyvelerinde sorun olan fungal turunçgil ekşi çürüklük hastalığı etmeni Geotrichum citri-aurantii'nin misel, spor çimlenmesi ve çim borusu gelişimi üzerine değme ve buhar etkinlikleri farklı konsantrasyonlar kullanılarak araştırılmıştır. Uçucu yağlar ve ana bileşenlerin değme ve buhar etkinliklerine bakıldığında en güçlü fungisidal etki kekik türleri (O. syriacum ve T. spicata ve T. serpyllum) ile aldehit ve fenoller (trans-cinnamaldeyde, carvacrol, ve eugenol) tarafından gösterilmiştir. En etkili uçucu yağ olan O. syriacum buhar fazında fungusun misel gelişimini, spor çimlenmesini ve çimlenme borucuğunun engellenmesi, 5.0 µl/petri konsantrasyonunda tespit edilmiştir. En etkili uçucu yağ ana bileşeni olan carvacrol ve trans-cinnamaldeyde değme fazında fungusun misel gelişimini, spor çimlenmesini ve çimlenme borucuğunun engellenmesi, 20.0 µl/ml konsantrasyonunda tespit edilmiştir. Yapılan mikroskobik incelemelerde uçucu yağlar ve ana bileşenlerin fungusların hiflerinde ve sporlarında sitoplazmik pıhtılaşma, vakuolleşme, erime ve sitoplazmik boşalma şeklinde gözlenen önemli yapısal deformasyonlara neden olduğu gözlenmiştir.
In this study, in vitro antifungal effects of the essential oils obtained from different plant species such as Syrian oregano (Origanum syriacum var. bevanii Holmes), thymus (Thymus serpyllum L.), tyme (Thymbra spicata subsp. spicata L.), fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.), lavender (Lavandula stoechas subsp. stoechas L.) and eucalyptus (Eucalyptus camandulensis L.) growing in the Eastern Mediterranean Region of Turkey and pure volatile plant essential oil major compounds, such as aldehyde (trans- cinnamaldehyde), phenols (carvacrol, trans-anethole and eugenol), ketone (carvone) and alcohol (linalool), were investigated against mycelial growth, conidial germination and germ tube elongation of Geotrichum citri aurantii major post-harvest fungal pathogen of citrus fruits, by using different doses. Among the plant essential oils and major compounds used, in the study, the strongest volatile and contact fungicidal activities were obtained from thymes species (O. syriacum ve T. spicata ve T. serpyllum), aldehyde and phenols ((trans- cinnamaldehyde, carvacrol and eugenol). O. syriacum, as the most efficient essential oil, completely inhibited mycelial growth, germination of spores and germ tube elongation at 5.0 µl/plate concentration (volatile phase). Carvacrol and trans-cinnamaldeyde, as the most efficient essential oil major compound, completely inhibited mycelial growth, germination of spores and germ tube elongation at 20.0 µl/ml concentration at (contact phase). Considerable structural deformations such as cytoplasmic coagulation, vacuolations, hyphal lysis and protoplast leakage were observed on fungal hyphae and spores exposed to essential oils and major compounds under light microscope.
In this study, in vitro antifungal effects of the essential oils obtained from different plant species such as Syrian oregano (Origanum syriacum var. bevanii Holmes), thymus (Thymus serpyllum L.), tyme (Thymbra spicata subsp. spicata L.), fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.), lavender (Lavandula stoechas subsp. stoechas L.) and eucalyptus (Eucalyptus camandulensis L.) growing in the Eastern Mediterranean Region of Turkey and pure volatile plant essential oil major compounds, such as aldehyde (trans- cinnamaldehyde), phenols (carvacrol, trans-anethole and eugenol), ketone (carvone) and alcohol (linalool), were investigated against mycelial growth, conidial germination and germ tube elongation of Geotrichum citri aurantii major post-harvest fungal pathogen of citrus fruits, by using different doses. Among the plant essential oils and major compounds used, in the study, the strongest volatile and contact fungicidal activities were obtained from thymes species (O. syriacum ve T. spicata ve T. serpyllum), aldehyde and phenols ((trans- cinnamaldehyde, carvacrol and eugenol). O. syriacum, as the most efficient essential oil, completely inhibited mycelial growth, germination of spores and germ tube elongation at 5.0 µl/plate concentration (volatile phase). Carvacrol and trans-cinnamaldeyde, as the most efficient essential oil major compound, completely inhibited mycelial growth, germination of spores and germ tube elongation at 20.0 µl/ml concentration at (contact phase). Considerable structural deformations such as cytoplasmic coagulation, vacuolations, hyphal lysis and protoplast leakage were observed on fungal hyphae and spores exposed to essential oils and major compounds under light microscope.
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Ziraat, Agriculture
