Çevresel bilinç bağlamında Kur’ân’da teshîr kavramı
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Tarih
2020
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Kilis 7 Aralık Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Kur’ân’da teshîr kavramı, genel olarak insanın çevresini oluşturan varlıkların onun hizmetine sunulması manasında kullanılır. Teshîr kavramıyla ilgili âyetlerde Yüce Allah, kâinatta kurduğu makro dengeden mikro dengeye ve bu dengenin insan için ne anlama geldiğine işaret eder. Bu yönüyle teshîr kavramı Kur’ân’da sadece insanların önlerinde hazır olarak buldukları çevreyi ve nimetleri onlara hatırlatmaz aynı zamanda bu çevrenin mevcut duruma nasıl geldiğine işaret ederek hem tarihi sürece hem de fiziksel yasalara da dikkat çeker. Araştırmada öncelikli olarak teshîr kavramının etimolojik yapısı, sözlüklerde geçen anlamları, müfessirlerin Kur’ân’da bu kavrama verdikleri manalar, teshîr edilen varlıklar ve özellikleri, teshîrin gayeleri ve yönleri üzerinde durulmuştur. Araştırma neticesinde ortaya çıkan önemli bulgular arasında teshîrin Kur’ân’da kullanımının meallerde yer alan sadece “insanın hizmetine verme”, “emre âmâde kılma”, “istifadeye verme” ve “râm etme” gibi anlamlarla sınırlı olmadığı görülmüştür. Bu anlamların yanı sıra evrende kurulan nizama işaret ederek bir şeyin güç yoluyla kullanılması, bir şeyi itaat altına alma ve insanların maslahatına uygun hale getirme gibi fiziksel yasaları hatırlatacak nitelikte derin anlamlar taşıdığı tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmada ayrıca Kur’ân’da bu kavramla bir taraftan teshîr edilen varlıklara işaret edilirken bir taraftan da bu varlıkların teshîr yönlerinin araştırılıp üzerinde düşünülmesinin gerekliliği ve fiziksel yasaların keşfedilmesinin zarureti gibi hususlar da incelenmiştir. Bu bağlamda teshîr kavramının, insanın yaşadığı çevresine karşı duyarlı olmasını sağlayan ve ekolojik dengenin kuruluş sürecini ortaya çıkaran, üzerinde uzun uzun tefekkür etmeyi gerekli kılan bir kavram olduğu ortaya çıkmaktadır.
The concept of taskhīr in the Qurʾān is generally used in the sense of presenting of the beings that make up the environment of man to his service. In the verses about the concept of taskhīr, Almighty God points out from the macro balance to the micro balance and what this balance means for man. With this aspect, the concept of tashîr not only reminds them of the environment and blessings that people find ready in the Qurʾān, but also points out both the historical process and the physical laws by pointing out how this environment has come to the present state. In the research, primarily the etymological structure of the concept of taskhīr, its meanings in the dictionaries, the meanings given by the commentators to this concept in the Qurʾān, the beings and their properties, the purposes and directions of the taskhīr were emphasized. Among the important findings that emerged as a result of the research, it has been observed that the use of the taskhīr in the Qurʾān is not limited to the meanings such as “giving service to the human”, “making the order”, “giving the benefit” and “giving”. In addition to these meanings, it has been determined that by pointing to the order established in the universe, it has deep meanings that remind physical laws such as using something by force, obeying something and making it suitable for people’s benefits. In the research, while the Qurʾān refers to the beings that were identified with this concept, on the other hand, the issues such as the necessity of investigating and considering the aspects of these beings and the necessity of discovering physical laws were also examined. In this context, it turns out that the concept of taskhīr is a concept that makes it sensitive to the environment in which people live and that reveals the establishment process of the ecological balance and requires long-term contemplation.
The concept of taskhīr in the Qurʾān is generally used in the sense of presenting of the beings that make up the environment of man to his service. In the verses about the concept of taskhīr, Almighty God points out from the macro balance to the micro balance and what this balance means for man. With this aspect, the concept of tashîr not only reminds them of the environment and blessings that people find ready in the Qurʾān, but also points out both the historical process and the physical laws by pointing out how this environment has come to the present state. In the research, primarily the etymological structure of the concept of taskhīr, its meanings in the dictionaries, the meanings given by the commentators to this concept in the Qurʾān, the beings and their properties, the purposes and directions of the taskhīr were emphasized. Among the important findings that emerged as a result of the research, it has been observed that the use of the taskhīr in the Qurʾān is not limited to the meanings such as “giving service to the human”, “making the order”, “giving the benefit” and “giving”. In addition to these meanings, it has been determined that by pointing to the order established in the universe, it has deep meanings that remind physical laws such as using something by force, obeying something and making it suitable for people’s benefits. In the research, while the Qurʾān refers to the beings that were identified with this concept, on the other hand, the issues such as the necessity of investigating and considering the aspects of these beings and the necessity of discovering physical laws were also examined. In this context, it turns out that the concept of taskhīr is a concept that makes it sensitive to the environment in which people live and that reveals the establishment process of the ecological balance and requires long-term contemplation.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Tefsir, Kur’ân, Teshîr, İnsan, Çevre, Tafsir, Qurʾān, Taskhīr, Human, Environment
Kaynak
Kilis 7 Aralık Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
7
Sayı
1
Künye
ÇALIŞKAN N (2020). ÇEVRESEL BİLİNÇ BAĞLAMINDA KUR’ÂN’DA TESHÎR KAVRAMI. Kilis 7 Aralık Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 7(1), 81 - 111. Doi: 10.46353/k7auifd.693319
