Erkek ratlarda kimyasal kastrasyon amacı ile vazelin ve %30'luk asetilsalisilik asit + vazelin karışımının intratestiküler kullanımı uygulamasının ve etkilerinin değerlendirilmesi
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Tarih
2023
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Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Dünyanın önemli sorunlarından biri sokak hayvanlarıdır. Bu soruna çözüm olarak kastrasyon uygulaması öngörülmektedir. Kastrasyonun pratik, ekonomik, insancıl ve komplikasyonsuz olması temel kritedir. Bu amaçla kimyasal kastrasyon ön plana çıkmıştır. Kimyasal kastrasyon için birçok çalışma yapılmasına rağmen arayışlar halen devam etmektedir. Bu sebeplerle bu çalışmada; erkek ratlarda kimyasal kastrasyon amacı ile vazelin ve %30'luk asetilsalisilik asit + vazelin karışımının intratestiküler kullanımı uygulamasının ve etkilerinin değerlendirilmesini amaçlanmıştır. Bu çalışmada 28 adet erkek albino wistar rat kullanılmıştır. Ratlar yedişerli 4 gruba ayrılmıştır. Bu gruplar kontrol, sham, vazelin, vazelin + %30 salisilik asit karışımı şeklinde ayrılmıştır. İşlem öncesi ve sonrasında, tüm gruplar aynı labaratuvar ortamında, aynı şartlarda bakılmış, aynı uygulamalara tabi tutulmuşlardır. İntratestiküler uygulamanın etkisini belirlemek için kontrol grubuna (K) intratestiküler uygulama yapılmadı. Sham grubuna (S) 1ml serum fizyolojik, vazelin grubuna (V) 1 ml vazelin, vazelin + asetil salisilik grubuna da (V+ASA) 1ml vazeline %30 asetil salisilik asit karışımı İntratestikuler yolla enjekte edildi. İşlemler sürecinde K grubunda herhangi bir sorun yaşanmadı. S, V ve V+ASA grubunda işlemi takiben birinci günde, klinik olarak; testiste yangı, şişlik, skrotumda renk değişikliği ve nekroz gibi klinik belirtiler görüldü. V ve V+ASA grubunda bu belirtilere ilave olarak intratestiküler çeşitli boyutlarda vazelin kistleri tespit edildi. Nohut büyüklüğündeki vazelin kisti olan üç olguda ise fistülleşme gözlendi. Klinik belirtiler bir hafta içinde ortadan kalktı. Yapılan biyokimyasal analizlerde Serum FSH ve LH seviyelerindeki gruplar arasındaki değişikliklerde istatistiki olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmadığı (P>0, 05) belirlendi. Testesteron düzeyinde ise sham ve kontrol grupları arasında istatistiki bir fark (p<0,05) bulunmaz iken, V ve V+ASA grupları ile tüm gruplar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark olduğu (p=0,000) belirlendi. MDA değeri Sham, Kontrol ve V+ASA grupları arasında istatistiki fark (p<0,05) bulunmaz iken; vazelin XVI grubunda diğer gruplara göre yüksek (3,197±0, 08) ve istatistiki açıdan diğer gruplara göre anlamlı fark (P=0,000) olduğu belirlendi. GSH değerinde ise; K ve S grubunda istatistiki fark bulunmadı ancak V+ASA grubunun V ve K grubuna göre istatistiki açıdan önemli fark olduğu (p<0,05) tespit edildi. Glutatyon peroksidaz (GSH-Px) seviyelerinin karşılaştırılmasında ise; V ile K grubu arasında anlamlı fark (P=0,013) ortaya konulmuş, diğer gruplar arasında anlamlı fark bulunamamıştır. Katalaz (CAT) aktiviteleri açısından istatistiki olarak V ile V+ASA grubu arasında anlamlı fark (P=0,046) bulunurken diğer gruplar arasında istatistiki açıdan önemli bir fark belirlenememiştir. Spermatolojik muayenede motilite açısından; S ile V+ASA grupları arasında istatistiki önemli fark bulunmadı. Motilitenin V grubunda 11,250±3,14 ile en az orana sahip olduğu ve diğer üç gruba göre istatistiki açıdan anlamlı fark (P=0,001) gösterdiği belirlendi. Spermanın en yüksek yoğun olduğu grup K (82,000±6, 60), en düşük olduğu grup ise V grubu (27,600±3,54) olmuştur. Spermadaki ölü/canlı oranı grup K'da en az (7,200±2,03), V grubunda en yüksek olarak (61,250±13,16) belirlenmiştir. Akromozom değerlerinde en yüksek oran ve istatistiki fark V grubunda belirlenmiştir. Histopatolojik olarak ise; V ve V+ASA grubunda testislerin tubuluslarının morfolojilerinin bozulduğu, dejenere ve nekrotik olduğu görüldü. Dejenere tubulusların germinatif epitel hücrelerinin olmadığı ve sadece bazal membrandan ibaret olduğu gözlendi. Sonuç olarak; V ve V+ASA grubunda geri dönüşümsüz şekilde kastrasyon işlemini gerçekleştirdiği belirlendi. Vazelinin intratestiküler uygulaması tek başına kastrasyon için yeterlidir. Diğer yandan; vazelin + asetil salisilik asit uygulamasının da kastrasyon için yeterli olduğu, asetil salisilik asitin yangı giderici özelliği nedeni ile biyokimyasal değerlerin normale daha yakın belirlendi. Ancak, asetil salisilik asitin kimyasal yapısına bağlı uygulama zorluğu ve ek bir maliyet olması gibi nedenlerle tek başına vazelin uygulamasının daha kolay, başarılı, ekonomik ve pratik olduğu belirlendi.
One of the most important problems of the world is stray animals. Castration application is envisaged as a solution to this problem. The basic criterion is that castration is practical, economical, humane and uncomplicated. For this purpose, chemical castration has come to the fore. Although many studies have been carried out for chemical castration, the search continues. Thus; this study was aimed to evaluate the application and effects of intratesticular use of vaseline and 30% acetylsalicylic acid + vaseline mixture for chemical castration in male rats. 28 male albino Wistar rats were used in this study. Rats were divided into 4 groups of ten. These groups were divided as control, sham, vaseline, vaseline + 30% salicylic acid mixture. Before and after the procedure, all groups were examined in the same laboratory environment, under the same conditions, and subjected to the same applications. To determine the effect of intratesticular application; the control group (K) had no injection, Sham group (S) was injected with 1ml saline, vaseline group (V) injected with 1 ml vaseline, and vaseline + acetylsalicylic group (V+ASA) injected with 1 ml vaseline 30% acetylsalicylic acid mixture. No problem observed in group (K) during the experiment. While, in the S, V and V+ASA group, on the first day clinical symptoms such as testicular inflammation, swelling, discoloration of the skrotum and necrosis were observed. In addition to these symptoms intratesticular vaseline cysts of various sizes were detected in the V and V+ASA groups. Fistulization was observed in three cases with chickpea-sized vaseline cysts. In the biochemical analyzes, it was determined that serum FSH and LH levels did not differ statistically between all groups (P>0.05). While there was no statistical difference (p<0.05) in testosterone level between sham and control groups, a statistically significant difference (p=0.000) were determined between V and V+ASA groups and all groups. While MDA value was not statistically different (p<0.05) between Sham, control, and V+ASA groups; Vaseline group was found to be higher (3.197±0.08) and statistically significant difference (P=0.000) compared to other groups. In respect to GSH value; there XVIII was no statistical difference in the K and S groups, but there was a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) in the V+ASA group compared to the V and K groups. In comparison of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) levels; There was a significant difference (P=0.013) between the V and K groups, but no significant difference was found between the other groups. While there was a statistically significant difference (P=0.046) between the V and V+ASA groups in terms of catalase (CAT) activities, no statistically significant difference was found between the other groups. In terms of motility in spermatological examination; There was no statistically significant difference between S and V+ASA groups. It was determined that motility had the lowest rate with 11,250±3.14 in the V group and showed a statistically significant difference (P=0.001) compared to the other three groups. The group with the highest concentration of sperm was K (82,000±6.60) and the lowest group was group V (27,600±3.54). The dead/viable ratio in semen was found to be the lowest (7,200±2.03) in group K and the highest (61.250±13.16) in group V. The highest rate and statistical difference in achromosome values were determined in the V group. Histopathologically; In the V and V+ASA groups, the morphology of the testicular tubules was impaired, observed as degenerated and necrotic. Degenerated tubules were observed with devoid of germinative epithelial cells and consisted only of base membrane. In conclusion; the castration process was performed irreversibly in the V and V+ASA groups. Intratesticular application of Vaseline alone is sufficient for castration. On the other hand; Vaseline + acetyl salicylic acid application was also sufficient for castration and biochemical values were determined closer to normal due to the anti inflammatory properties of acetylsalicylic acid. However, vaseline application alone is easier, more successful, economical and practical due to the difficulties of application due to the chemical structure of acetylsalicylic acid and the additional cost.
One of the most important problems of the world is stray animals. Castration application is envisaged as a solution to this problem. The basic criterion is that castration is practical, economical, humane and uncomplicated. For this purpose, chemical castration has come to the fore. Although many studies have been carried out for chemical castration, the search continues. Thus; this study was aimed to evaluate the application and effects of intratesticular use of vaseline and 30% acetylsalicylic acid + vaseline mixture for chemical castration in male rats. 28 male albino Wistar rats were used in this study. Rats were divided into 4 groups of ten. These groups were divided as control, sham, vaseline, vaseline + 30% salicylic acid mixture. Before and after the procedure, all groups were examined in the same laboratory environment, under the same conditions, and subjected to the same applications. To determine the effect of intratesticular application; the control group (K) had no injection, Sham group (S) was injected with 1ml saline, vaseline group (V) injected with 1 ml vaseline, and vaseline + acetylsalicylic group (V+ASA) injected with 1 ml vaseline 30% acetylsalicylic acid mixture. No problem observed in group (K) during the experiment. While, in the S, V and V+ASA group, on the first day clinical symptoms such as testicular inflammation, swelling, discoloration of the skrotum and necrosis were observed. In addition to these symptoms intratesticular vaseline cysts of various sizes were detected in the V and V+ASA groups. Fistulization was observed in three cases with chickpea-sized vaseline cysts. In the biochemical analyzes, it was determined that serum FSH and LH levels did not differ statistically between all groups (P>0.05). While there was no statistical difference (p<0.05) in testosterone level between sham and control groups, a statistically significant difference (p=0.000) were determined between V and V+ASA groups and all groups. While MDA value was not statistically different (p<0.05) between Sham, control, and V+ASA groups; Vaseline group was found to be higher (3.197±0.08) and statistically significant difference (P=0.000) compared to other groups. In respect to GSH value; there XVIII was no statistical difference in the K and S groups, but there was a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) in the V+ASA group compared to the V and K groups. In comparison of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) levels; There was a significant difference (P=0.013) between the V and K groups, but no significant difference was found between the other groups. While there was a statistically significant difference (P=0.046) between the V and V+ASA groups in terms of catalase (CAT) activities, no statistically significant difference was found between the other groups. In terms of motility in spermatological examination; There was no statistically significant difference between S and V+ASA groups. It was determined that motility had the lowest rate with 11,250±3.14 in the V group and showed a statistically significant difference (P=0.001) compared to the other three groups. The group with the highest concentration of sperm was K (82,000±6.60) and the lowest group was group V (27,600±3.54). The dead/viable ratio in semen was found to be the lowest (7,200±2.03) in group K and the highest (61.250±13.16) in group V. The highest rate and statistical difference in achromosome values were determined in the V group. Histopathologically; In the V and V+ASA groups, the morphology of the testicular tubules was impaired, observed as degenerated and necrotic. Degenerated tubules were observed with devoid of germinative epithelial cells and consisted only of base membrane. In conclusion; the castration process was performed irreversibly in the V and V+ASA groups. Intratesticular application of Vaseline alone is sufficient for castration. On the other hand; Vaseline + acetyl salicylic acid application was also sufficient for castration and biochemical values were determined closer to normal due to the anti inflammatory properties of acetylsalicylic acid. However, vaseline application alone is easier, more successful, economical and practical due to the difficulties of application due to the chemical structure of acetylsalicylic acid and the additional cost.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Veteriner Hekimliği, Veterinary Medicine
