Kilis ili zeytin bahçelerindeki zeytin sineği [Bactrocera oleae (Gmelin) (Dip.:Tephritidae)]'nin populasyon yoğunlukları ve zarar oranlarının belirlenmesi
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Date
2012
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Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Abstract
Zeytin sineği, Bactrocera oleae (Gmelin) (Diptera: Tephritidae) ülkemizde zeytinin en önemli zararlılarından biridir. Çalışma 2010-2011 yıllarında Kilis ilinin Beşiktepe (Bahçe I, II) ve Kuzuni (Bahçe III) beldelerinde bulunan üç farklı zeytin bahçesinde sarı yapışkan tuzak + cezbediciler ve sarı tuzak + feromon kullanılarak, her bahçede iki tekerrürlü olarak yapılmıştır. Sarı yapışkan tuzak + cezbediciler ile sarı tuzak + feromon haftalık kontrolleri yapılmış ve zeytin sineği erginleri sayılarak temizlenmiştir. Sarı yapışkan tuzaktaki cezbediciler her beş haftada bir, sarı tuzaktaki feromon ise her üç ayda bir yenileri ile değiştirilmiştir.2010-2011 yılları boyunca bütün örnekleme alanlarında toplam 1896 adet zeytin sineği ergini yakalanmıştır. 2010 yılındaki sarı yapışkan tuzak + cezbedici kullanılarak yapılan örneklemede 1086 zeytin sineği ergini yakalanmıştır. Çalışmada en fazla zeytin sineği ergini Bahçe II de 398 adet olup bunu Bahçe III de 350 adet ve Bahçe I de 338 adet olarak takip etmiştir. 2011 yılında feromon tuzaklar kullanılarak yapılan örneklemede toplam 810 zeytin sineği ergini yakalanmıştır. Çalışmada en fazla zeytin sineği ergini Bahçe II de 281 adet olup bunu Bahçe III de 268 adet ve Bahçe I 261 adet olarak izlemiştir.2010 yılında Bahçe I'deki her iki tuzakta da en fazla zeytin sineği ergini 22 Haziran da maksimum sıcaklık 28,0°C ve % 67 nisbi nemde yakalanmıştır. Bahçe II'deki her iki tuzakta da en fazla zeytin sineği ergini 22 Haziran da maksimum sıcaklık 28,0 °C ve % 67 nisbi nemde gözlenmiştir. Bahçe III'deki her iki tuzaktada en fazla zeytin sineği ergini 27 Temmuz da maksimum sıcaklık 37,3 °C ve % 55,7 nisbi nemde yakalanmıştır.2011 yılında Bahçe I'deki en fazla zeytin sineği ergini tuzak I'de 3 Temmuz da maksimum sıcaklık 34,4°C ve % 45,3 nisbi nemde gözlenmiştir. Bahçe II'deki en fazla zeytin sineği ergini tuzak I'de 31 Temmuz da maksimum sıcaklık 39,9°C ve % 44,8 nisbi nemde yakalanmıştır. Bahçe III'deki en fazla sayıda zeytin sineği ergini tuzak I'de 10, 17, 31 Temmuz tarihlerinde maksimum sıcaklıklar 39,3, 36,0, 39,9 °C ve % 32,0, 37,5, 44,8 nisbi nemde yakalanmıştır.2011 yılında toplam 700 adet vuruklu dane tespit edilmiştir. Bahçe I'de 150 adet (%7,5), Bahçe II'de 300 adet (%15) ve Bahçe III ise 250 adet (%12,5) vuruklu dane sayılarak yüzde oranları hesaplanmıştır. Sonuç olarak sarı yapışkan tuzak ile cezbedici ve feromon tuzaklar zeytin sineği ergininin izlenmesi ve mücadelesinde etkin bir şekilde kullanılabilinir. Zeytin sineğinin populasyon yoğunluğu Kilis ili zeytin bahçelerinde Haziran, Temmuz ve Eylül aylarında önemli artışlar göstermiştir.
Olive fruit fly, Bactrocera oleae (Gmelin) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is one of the most important pests of olive in Turkey. During 2010-2011, the studies were conducted by using yellow sticky trap + attractants and yellow traps + pheromones, with two replications, three different olive orchards at Beşiktepe (Orchard I and II) and Kuzuni (Orchard III) towns of Kilis province. Yellow sticky trap + attractants and yellow traps + pheromone were weekly checked and olive fruit fly adults were counted and cleaned. Attractants of yellow sticky traps were changed with new ones in every five weeks and pheromones of yellow traps were replaced with new ones in every three months.During 2010-2011, a total of 1896 adults of olive fruit fly were counted in all the sampling areas. In 2010, 1086 adults of olive fruit fly in all sampling areas were caught by yellow sticky trap + attractant. In this part of the study, the highest number of olive fruit fly (398 adults) was counted in Orchard II, followed by Orchard III (350 adults) and Orchard I (338 adults). In 2011, 810 adults of olive fruit fly in all sampling areas were caught by yellow trap + pheromone. In this study, the highest number of olive fruit fly (281 adults) was counted in Orchard II, followed by Orchard III (268 adults) and Orchard I (261 adults).In 2010, at Orchard I and Orchard II, the highest numbers of olive fruit fly with both yellow sticky traps were caught on 22 June at 28.0°C maximum temperature and 67% relative humidity. At Orchard III, the highest numbers of olive fruit fly with both yellow sticky traps were caught on 27 July at 37.3 °C maximum temperature and 55.7 % relative humidity.In 2011, at Orchard I, the highest number of olive fruit fly with yellow pheromone Trap I were caught on 3 July at 34.4°C °C maximum temperature and 45.3 % relative humidity. At Orchard II, the highest number of olive fruit fly with yellow pheromone Trap I were caught on 31 July at 39.9°C maximum temperature and 44.8 % relative humidity. At Orchard III, the highest number of olive fruit fly with yellow pheromone Trap I were caught on 10,17, 31 July at 39.3, 36.0, 39.9°C maximum temperatures and 32.0, 37.5, 44.8 % relative humidity.In 2011, a total of 700 damaged olives were counted. There were 150 damaged olives (7.5%) in Orchard I, 300 damaged olives (15%) in Orchard II and 250 damaged olives (12.5%) in Orchard III and ratios were calculated accordingly during the harvesting period. As a result, yellow sticky traps + attractant and yellow trap + pheromone can be used effectively monitoring and controlling for olive fruit fly adults. Population density of olive fruit fly increased significantly in June, July and September in olive orchards of Kilis province.
Olive fruit fly, Bactrocera oleae (Gmelin) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is one of the most important pests of olive in Turkey. During 2010-2011, the studies were conducted by using yellow sticky trap + attractants and yellow traps + pheromones, with two replications, three different olive orchards at Beşiktepe (Orchard I and II) and Kuzuni (Orchard III) towns of Kilis province. Yellow sticky trap + attractants and yellow traps + pheromone were weekly checked and olive fruit fly adults were counted and cleaned. Attractants of yellow sticky traps were changed with new ones in every five weeks and pheromones of yellow traps were replaced with new ones in every three months.During 2010-2011, a total of 1896 adults of olive fruit fly were counted in all the sampling areas. In 2010, 1086 adults of olive fruit fly in all sampling areas were caught by yellow sticky trap + attractant. In this part of the study, the highest number of olive fruit fly (398 adults) was counted in Orchard II, followed by Orchard III (350 adults) and Orchard I (338 adults). In 2011, 810 adults of olive fruit fly in all sampling areas were caught by yellow trap + pheromone. In this study, the highest number of olive fruit fly (281 adults) was counted in Orchard II, followed by Orchard III (268 adults) and Orchard I (261 adults).In 2010, at Orchard I and Orchard II, the highest numbers of olive fruit fly with both yellow sticky traps were caught on 22 June at 28.0°C maximum temperature and 67% relative humidity. At Orchard III, the highest numbers of olive fruit fly with both yellow sticky traps were caught on 27 July at 37.3 °C maximum temperature and 55.7 % relative humidity.In 2011, at Orchard I, the highest number of olive fruit fly with yellow pheromone Trap I were caught on 3 July at 34.4°C °C maximum temperature and 45.3 % relative humidity. At Orchard II, the highest number of olive fruit fly with yellow pheromone Trap I were caught on 31 July at 39.9°C maximum temperature and 44.8 % relative humidity. At Orchard III, the highest number of olive fruit fly with yellow pheromone Trap I were caught on 10,17, 31 July at 39.3, 36.0, 39.9°C maximum temperatures and 32.0, 37.5, 44.8 % relative humidity.In 2011, a total of 700 damaged olives were counted. There were 150 damaged olives (7.5%) in Orchard I, 300 damaged olives (15%) in Orchard II and 250 damaged olives (12.5%) in Orchard III and ratios were calculated accordingly during the harvesting period. As a result, yellow sticky traps + attractant and yellow trap + pheromone can be used effectively monitoring and controlling for olive fruit fly adults. Population density of olive fruit fly increased significantly in June, July and September in olive orchards of Kilis province.
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Keywords
Ziraat, Agriculture
