Su stresinin azaltılmasında yapraktan bor uygulamalarının kayısı ağaçlarında verim ve meyve kalitesi üzerine etkilerinin belirlenmesi
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2020
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Yayıncı
Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Araştırma, su stresine maruz bırakılmış bitkilerde yapraktan bor uygulamalarının etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla 2019 yılında Amik Ovasında (Hatay) yürütülmüştür. Araştırma Mogador çeşidi kayısı ağaçlarında, yapraktan uygulanacak tanık konusu (B0) dışında 3 farklı dozda yapraktan bor B150 (150ppm), B225 (225ppm) B300 (300ppm), elverişli kapasitenin 4 farklı sulama düzeyinde S100, S75, S50 ve S25 (susuz konu), 4 tekerrürlü olarak yürütülmüştür. Her tekerrür 6 sıradan oluşturulmuştur. Denemede ana konuları; sulama düzeyleri, alt konuları ise, bor dozları oluşturmuştur. Sulamada damla sulama yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Deneme süresince verim, kalite parametreleri ve yaprak bor konsantrasyonu ölçülmüş, bitki su tüketimi, sulama suyu (WUE) ve su kullanma etkinliği (IWUE) hesaplanmıştır. Denemede uygulanan sulama suyu miktarı 179 mm ile 742 mm, bitki su tüketimleri sulama mevsiminde en düşük ve en yüksek 295 mm ve 832 mm arasında gerçekleşmiştir. Sulama ve su kullanma randımanları 3.51-5.18 kg m-3 ile 2.89-4.17 kg m-3 arasında değişmiştir. Bor dozları WUE ve IWUE değerlerinde anlamlı farklara neden olmamıştır. Bitki su tüketimindeki her birim artış verimde ağaç başına ortalama 1.68 kg da-1'lık artışa neden olmuştur. Tam sulama konusu S100 esas alındığında meyve ağırlığı S25 ve S50 konularında sırasıyla %13 ve %3 azalırken, S75 konusunda %2 artmıştır. B0 konusu esas alındığında ise meyve ağırlığı B150, B225, B300 konularında %2, %4 ve %2 oranında arttığı gözlenmiştir. Sulama düzeylerinde ortalama meyve boyu değeri 47.40 mm (S75) ve 42.99 mm (S25); meyve çekirdek ağırlığı değeri 2.41 g (S25) ve 3.04 g adet (S100 ); suda çözünebilir kuru madde miktarı (SÇKM) değerleri 16.13 (S100) ve 12.65 (S25) ile; pH değerleri ise 3.16 (S100) ve 3.30 (S50) arasında gerçekleşmiştir. Bor dozlarındaki artış meyve boyunda ve meyve eninde anlamlı bir farklılığa neden olmamıştır. Ortalama en yüksek çekirdek ağırlığı 2.69 g ile B225 konusunda, en düşük 2.57 g ile B300 konusunda ölçülmüştür. Çiçeklenme dönemindeki bor uygulaması yapraktaki bor konsantrasyonun (ortalama değerlerde) sulama düzeylerine bağlı olarak değişmesine ve sulama düzeyi arttıkça artmasına neden olmuştur. Bor uygulamaları yaprak bor içeriklerinde doz artışına bağlı olarak B225 dozuna kadar artmış B300 dozunda ise azalma eğilimi göstermiştir.
This research was carried out in Amik Plain of the province of Hatay and on apricot trees. According to the factorial experimental design, three different doses of boron from foliar (150ppm-B150, 225ppm-B225, 300ppm B300) except for the control treatment (B0) given to the leaf were set at 3 different irrigation levels (S100, S75, S50 and S25 deficit irrigation treatment) of available water capacities with 3 repetition. In the experiment, the main subject were composed of the irrigation levels, and the sub treatment were composed of boron doses. Every irrigation level were consisted of six rows. The drip irrigation method were used in the experiment. During the experiment, analyzes of the pomological characteristics and leaf boron content were measure, evapotranspiration and water use efficient calculated. The amount of irrigation water applied in the trial was between 179 mm and 742 mm, the evapotranspiration was between 295 mm and 832 mm, the lowest and highest values during the irrigation season. Irrigation (IWUE) and water use efficient (WUE) were 3.51-5.18 kg m-3, 2.89-4.17 kg m-3. Boron doses did not cause differences in WUE and IWUE values. Each unit increase in plant water consumption resulted in an average increase of 1.68 kg da-1 in yield. The fruit weight decreased by 13% and 3% respectively on S25 and S50 issues when the subject of full irrigation was based on S100, and increased by 2% on S75. On the basis of B0, fruit weight increased by 2%, 4%, 2% in B150, B225, B300 treatments. In irrigation levels, the average fruit size value was 47.40 mm (S75) and 42.99 mm (S25); fruit seed weight value was 2.41g seed (S25) and 3.04 g seed (S100); SÇKM values were 16.13 (S100) and 12.65 (S25); pH values were 3.16 (S100) and 3.30 (S50). The increase in boron doses did not cause a significant difference in fruit length and fruit width. Average seed weight in boron applications was measured at B225 with 2.69 g and B0 with a minimum weight of 2.57 g. Boron application during the flowering period caused the boron concentration in the Leaf (average values) to change depending on irrigation levels and increase as irrigation level increases. Boron applications in leaf boron content increased up to B225 dose due to the increase in dose B300 dose showed a decreased tendency.
This research was carried out in Amik Plain of the province of Hatay and on apricot trees. According to the factorial experimental design, three different doses of boron from foliar (150ppm-B150, 225ppm-B225, 300ppm B300) except for the control treatment (B0) given to the leaf were set at 3 different irrigation levels (S100, S75, S50 and S25 deficit irrigation treatment) of available water capacities with 3 repetition. In the experiment, the main subject were composed of the irrigation levels, and the sub treatment were composed of boron doses. Every irrigation level were consisted of six rows. The drip irrigation method were used in the experiment. During the experiment, analyzes of the pomological characteristics and leaf boron content were measure, evapotranspiration and water use efficient calculated. The amount of irrigation water applied in the trial was between 179 mm and 742 mm, the evapotranspiration was between 295 mm and 832 mm, the lowest and highest values during the irrigation season. Irrigation (IWUE) and water use efficient (WUE) were 3.51-5.18 kg m-3, 2.89-4.17 kg m-3. Boron doses did not cause differences in WUE and IWUE values. Each unit increase in plant water consumption resulted in an average increase of 1.68 kg da-1 in yield. The fruit weight decreased by 13% and 3% respectively on S25 and S50 issues when the subject of full irrigation was based on S100, and increased by 2% on S75. On the basis of B0, fruit weight increased by 2%, 4%, 2% in B150, B225, B300 treatments. In irrigation levels, the average fruit size value was 47.40 mm (S75) and 42.99 mm (S25); fruit seed weight value was 2.41g seed (S25) and 3.04 g seed (S100); SÇKM values were 16.13 (S100) and 12.65 (S25); pH values were 3.16 (S100) and 3.30 (S50). The increase in boron doses did not cause a significant difference in fruit length and fruit width. Average seed weight in boron applications was measured at B225 with 2.69 g and B0 with a minimum weight of 2.57 g. Boron application during the flowering period caused the boron concentration in the Leaf (average values) to change depending on irrigation levels and increase as irrigation level increases. Boron applications in leaf boron content increased up to B225 dose due to the increase in dose B300 dose showed a decreased tendency.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ziraat, Agriculture
