Futbolda antrenman biriminin farklı bölümlerinde uygulanan dar alan oyunlarının yüklenme düzeyleri ve teknik değişkenlere etkisinin incelenmesi
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2019
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Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalışmanın amacı futbolda antrenman biriminin farklı bölümlerinde uygulanan dar alan oyunlarının içsel ve dışsal yüklenme düzeylerine ve teknik performansa etkisinin incelenmesidir. Oyunlar dört farklı formatta düzenlenmiştir; dinlenik dar alan oyunu, sprint çalışması sonrası dar alan, pliometri çalışması sonrası dar alan ve sprint + pliometri çalışmaları sonrası dar alan. Çalışmada yer alan her bir dar alan oyunu süresince 12 erkek amatör futbolcunun (yaş 22.00±2,13yıl, vücut ağırlığı 70,41±8,39 kg, boy uzunluğu 172±0,04 cm; antrenman yaşı 7,66±3,20) kalp atıp hızı ve hareket profilleri telemetrik KAH monitörü ve 10 hz GPS cihazı kullanılarak izlendi. Her oyun öncesinde 25 dk standart ısınma yapılmıştır. Her bir dar alan oyununda KAHmaks. %KAHmaks, farklı KAH bölgelerinde (<70, 70-80, 80-90 ve >90) geçirilen süre, KAHrez, maksimum ve ortalama koşu hızı, kat edilen toplam mesafe, beş hız kategorisinde kat edilen mesafeler, pozitif ve negatif ivmelenmeler, oyuncu yükü, oyunlar öncesinde ve sonrasında kan laktat ve algılanan zorluk düzeyi değerleri belirlendi. Ayrıca, tüm dar alan oyunları teknik performans değerlendirmelerinde kullanılmak üzere video kamera ile kaydedilmiştir. Tüm değişkenler için ortalama ve standart sapma değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Varyansların homojenliği ve normal dağılıma uygunluk sırasıyla Hartley Fmax ve Levene testi ile kontrol edilmiştir. Farklı dar alan oyunlarında gözlenen içsel ve dışsal yüklenme düzeyleri arasındaki fark tekrarlayan ölçümlerde varyans analizi ile test edilmiştir. İkişerli grup karşılaştırmaları ise Bonferoni testi ile yapılmıştır. Teknik parametreler arasındaki fark ise Wilcoxan testi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Tüm istatistik işlemler S.P.S.S 15.0 paket programında yapılmış ve anlamlılık düzeyi p<0,05 kabul edilmiştir. Çalışma bulgularına göre DA oyununa antrenmanın başında yer verildiğinde elde edilen absolüt ve relatif KAH cevapları ve > 90 % KAHmaks şiddetinde geçirilen süre değerleri diğer antrenman uygulamalarından daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, dışsal yüklenme düzeyinin göstergesi olarak kabul edilen kat edilen toplam mesafe, dakikada kat edilen mesafe, ortalama hız, yüksek şiddette koşu ve sprint ile kat edilen mesafe değerleri de dinlenik oynanan DA oyununda Pliometrik çalışma ve Sprint + Pliometrik çalışmadan sonra uygulanan DA oyunlarından daha yüksek bulunmuştur. İkili mücadele sayısı dışındaki diğer teknik performans parametreleri açısından oyunlar arasında fark bulunmamıştır.
The aim of this study was to examine whether internal and external training loads and technical performance during small sided game (SSG) were influenced from preceding explosive workouts or not. Twelve amateur soccer players participated to 6v6 SSGs under four different initial conditions. In the first session, the players performed 25-min SSG just after the standardized warm-up protocol. During the second, third and fourth sessions, after the warm-up protocol, the players performed plyometric (P), combined sprint and plyometric (SP) and sprint (S) workouts prior to the same SSG. Twelve male amateur soccer players ( age 22.00±2,13years; body mass 70,41±8,39 kg; height 172±0,04 cm; training age 7,66±3,20) were monitored using heart rate monitor and a 10 Hz GPS device. Each game was played 25 minutes continuously following a standardised warm-up. HRmaks, mean maximun heart rate (%HRmax), time spent in different HR zones (<70, 70-80, 80-90 and >90), HRres, peak running speed, mean running speed, total distance covered, distance covered in five speed categories, number of accelerations and decelerations and player load were determined for each SSG. Besides, blood lactate and rate of perceived exertion were determined just before and immediately after SSGs. All SSGs recorded by video camera to evaluate technical performance. All variables were expressed as means ± standard deviation. The assumption of normality and homogenity of variance were verified using Hartley Fmax and Levene test, respectively. Two-way analysis of variance on repeated measures was performed to test the effect of different SSGs on internal and exernal responses. The pair groups comparison was tested with Bonferroni test and the differences between technical parametres was evaluated with Wilcoxan test. The level of statistical significance was set at p<0.05. The results indicated that SSG performed at the beginning of training session resulted in higher absolute and relative HR responses and higher time spent > % 90 HRmax compared with other SSG conditions. In addition, the indicators of external load level like total distance covered, relative distance, average speed, distance covered in high speed running and sprinting were also higher when SSG performed at the beginning of training session compared with other SSG conditions. On the other hand, technical performance did not differ according to order of SSG presentation, except for duels.
The aim of this study was to examine whether internal and external training loads and technical performance during small sided game (SSG) were influenced from preceding explosive workouts or not. Twelve amateur soccer players participated to 6v6 SSGs under four different initial conditions. In the first session, the players performed 25-min SSG just after the standardized warm-up protocol. During the second, third and fourth sessions, after the warm-up protocol, the players performed plyometric (P), combined sprint and plyometric (SP) and sprint (S) workouts prior to the same SSG. Twelve male amateur soccer players ( age 22.00±2,13years; body mass 70,41±8,39 kg; height 172±0,04 cm; training age 7,66±3,20) were monitored using heart rate monitor and a 10 Hz GPS device. Each game was played 25 minutes continuously following a standardised warm-up. HRmaks, mean maximun heart rate (%HRmax), time spent in different HR zones (<70, 70-80, 80-90 and >90), HRres, peak running speed, mean running speed, total distance covered, distance covered in five speed categories, number of accelerations and decelerations and player load were determined for each SSG. Besides, blood lactate and rate of perceived exertion were determined just before and immediately after SSGs. All SSGs recorded by video camera to evaluate technical performance. All variables were expressed as means ± standard deviation. The assumption of normality and homogenity of variance were verified using Hartley Fmax and Levene test, respectively. Two-way analysis of variance on repeated measures was performed to test the effect of different SSGs on internal and exernal responses. The pair groups comparison was tested with Bonferroni test and the differences between technical parametres was evaluated with Wilcoxan test. The level of statistical significance was set at p<0.05. The results indicated that SSG performed at the beginning of training session resulted in higher absolute and relative HR responses and higher time spent > % 90 HRmax compared with other SSG conditions. In addition, the indicators of external load level like total distance covered, relative distance, average speed, distance covered in high speed running and sprinting were also higher when SSG performed at the beginning of training session compared with other SSG conditions. On the other hand, technical performance did not differ according to order of SSG presentation, except for duels.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Spor, Sports, Dar Alan Oyunları, Kalp Atım Hızı Cevapları, Futbol, Yorgunluk, Small Sided Games, Physiological Responses, Soccer, Fatigue
