İnovasyonun ihracat ve büyümeye etkisi: Türkiye örneği
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2021
Yazarlar
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Yayıncı
Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Ülkelerin uluslararası ticarette rekabet edebilmesi için, inovasyon faaliyetlerine ağırlık vermeleri elzem hale gelmiştir. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye' deki inovasyonun ihracata ve reel GSYH' ye olan etkisi araştırılmıştır. Çalışmanın ekonometrik bölümünde 1988-2018 dönemini kapsayan yıllık verileriyle inovasyonun, ihracata ve büyümeye olan etkisi analiz edilmiştir. Değişkenlere sırasıyla birim kök testleri uygulanmış, hepsinin aynı mertebeden durağan olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Johansen eşbütünleşme testi uygulanmış, inovasyon değişkeni olarak yurt içi patent başvuruları ve yurt dışı patent başvuruları alınmış ve uzun dönem ilişkisinin varlığı tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen neticelere göre, yurt içi patent başvurularının ve yurt dışı patent başvurularının ihracata ve büyümeye olan etkisi negatif olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Daha sonra EngleGranger eşbütünleşme testi uygulanmış: İnovasyon değişkeni olarak toplam patent başvuruları ve toplam ticari marka başvuruları alınmıştır. Değişkenler arasında herhangi bir ilişki tespit edilememiştir. Analize kontrol değişkenler eklenerek tekrardan Engle- Granger eşbütünleşme testi yapılmıştır. Test sonuçlarında toplam ticari marka başvurularının ihracata ve reel GSYH' ye etkisinin ise pozitif yönde olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
In order for countries to compete in international trade, it has become essential for them to concentrate on innovation activities. In this study, the effect of innovation in Turkey on exports and real GDP has been investigated. In the econometric part of the study, the impact of innovation on exports and growth has been analyzed with annual data covering the period 1988-2018. Unit root tests were applied to the variables, respectively, and it was concluded that all of them were stationary at the same level. Johansen cointegration test was applied, domestic patent applications and foreign patent applications were received as innovation variable and the existence of long-term relationship was determined. According to the results obtained from the cointegration test, it was concluded that the effect of domestic patent applications and foreign patent applications on exports and growth was negative. Then, the Engle-Granger cointegration test was applied: Total patent applications and total trademark applications were taken as innovation variable. According to the result of this test, no relationship was found between the variables. By adding control variables to the analysis, Engle-Granger cointegration test was performed again. The test results showed that the effect of total trademark applications on exports and real GDP was positive.
In order for countries to compete in international trade, it has become essential for them to concentrate on innovation activities. In this study, the effect of innovation in Turkey on exports and real GDP has been investigated. In the econometric part of the study, the impact of innovation on exports and growth has been analyzed with annual data covering the period 1988-2018. Unit root tests were applied to the variables, respectively, and it was concluded that all of them were stationary at the same level. Johansen cointegration test was applied, domestic patent applications and foreign patent applications were received as innovation variable and the existence of long-term relationship was determined. According to the results obtained from the cointegration test, it was concluded that the effect of domestic patent applications and foreign patent applications on exports and growth was negative. Then, the Engle-Granger cointegration test was applied: Total patent applications and total trademark applications were taken as innovation variable. According to the result of this test, no relationship was found between the variables. By adding control variables to the analysis, Engle-Granger cointegration test was performed again. The test results showed that the effect of total trademark applications on exports and real GDP was positive.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ekonomi, Economics
