Farklı asma çeşitleri üzerindeki salkım güvesi, Lobesia botrana (Denis & Schif., 1775) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)'nin popülasyon yoğunluğu ve zarar oranının belirlenmesi
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2019
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Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Salkım güvesi, Lobesia botrana (Denis & Schif., 1775) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), ülkemizde bağların en önemli zararlılarından birisidir. Çalışma 2016-2017 yıllarında farklı asma çeşitleri üzerindeki salkım güvesi, Lobesia botrana (Denis & Schiffermüller) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)'nin populasyon yoğunluğu ve zarar oranının belirlenmesi amacıyla Hatay ilinin Reyhanlı ilçesindeki Narpak tarım işletmesinde bulunan 'Arra 4' (16 dekar), 'Arra 13' (66 dekar), 'Arra 15' (130 dekar), 'Arra 16' (42 dekar), 'Arra 18' (36 dekar), 'Arra 19' (30 dekar), 'Arra 30' (20 dekar), 'Crimson' (12 dekar), 'Redglop' (40 dekar) ve 'Vitroblack' (10 dekar) çeşitleri bulunan bağ alanlarında yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada salkım güvesi feromonu (10 mg, (E,Z)-7,9-dodecadienyl acetate) ile delta tipi tuzak kullanılmıştır. Her bağ alanına bir adet feromon tuzak kurulmuştur. Tuzakların haftalık kontrolleri yapılarak tuzakta bulunan salkım güvesi erginleri sayılarak temizlenmiştir. Tuzaklarda kullanılan feromonlar her 40 günde bir yenileri ile değiştirilmiştir. Hasat zamanı feromon tuzaklarının kurulduğu asma hariç, her bağ alanından 100 adet asmadaki salkımlar kontrol edilerek salkım güvesinin larvaları tarafından zarar görmüş salkımlar belirlenerek zarar oranı tespit edilmiştir. Salkım güvesinin popülasyon yoğunluğunda örnekleme yapılan yıllara ve bağ alanlarına göre önemli değişiklikler gözlenmiştir. 2016 yılında on asma çeşitinin olduğu bağ alanında yapılan örneklemede feromon tuzakları tarafından 595 adet salkım güvesi ergini yakalanmıştır. Feromon tuzakları tarafından ilk erginler 27 Nisan'da yakalanmıştır. Tuzaklar tarafından en fazla ergin 1 Haziran ve 6 Temmuz tarihlerinde yakalanmıştır. Örnekleme süresince zararlının popülasyon yoğunluğunda haziran ve temmuz aylarında önemli artışlar gözlenmiştir. Örnekleme süresince feromon tuzakları tarafından en fazla salkım güvesi ergini Arra4 (124 adet) çeşitinin bulunduğu bağda yakalanmış, bunu Arra13 (75 adet), Arra15 (70 adet) takip etmiştir. Tuzaklar tarafından en az ergin Arra19 (35) tarafından yakalanmıştır. 2017 yılında on üzüm çeşitinin olduğu bağ alanında yapılan örneklemede feromon tuzakları tarafından 401 adet salkım güvesi ergini yakalanmıştır. Feromon tuzakları tarafından ilk erginler 5 Mayıs'da yakalanmıştır. Tuzaklar tarafından en fazla ergin 23 Haziran tarihinde yakalanmıştır. Örnekleme süresince zararlının popülasyon yoğunluğunda haziran ve temmuz aylarında önemli artışlar gözlenmiştir. Örnekleme süresince feromon tuzakları tarafından en fazla salkım güvesi ergini Arra15 (70 adet) çeşitinin bulunduğu bağda yakalanmış, bunu Crimson (63 adet), Arra4 (44 adet), Arra13 (44 adet) takip etmiştir. Tuzaklar tarafından en az ergin Vitroblack (10) tarafından yakalanmıştır. 2016-2017 yıllarında Narpak tarım işletmelerindeki üzüm çeşitlerinde farklı zararlılara ve salkım güvesine yönelik sürekli ilaçlama yapılmasından dolayı örneklenen bağ alanlarında salkım güvesi zararına rastlanmamıştır.
The European Grapevine Moth (EGM), Lobesia botrana (Denis & Schif., 1775) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), is one of the most important pest of grapevine in Turkey. The study was conducted in 2016-2017 to determine the population density and damage rate of L. botrana on ten different vine varieties, 'Arra 4' (16 decares), 'Arra 13' (66 decares), 'Arra 15' (130 decares), 'Arra 16' (42 decares), 'Arra 18' (36 decares), 'Arra 19' (30 decares), 'Arra 30' (20 decares), 'Crimson' (12 decares), 'Redglop' (40 decares) and 'Vitroblack' (10 decares), at the Narpak Farm of Reyhanlı district in Hatay province. In this study, European grapevine moth pheromone (10 mg, (E,Z)-7,9-dodecadienyl acetate) with delta traps were used. One pheromone trap was placed for each of the vineyards. Traps were checked weekly and adult moths were counted and cleaned. Pheremones used in the traps were changed in every 40 days. During harvest time, 100 clusters of grapes were checked to determine larval damage rate, except from the clusters of the vines on which the traps were set up. Population density of the EGM adults differed for sampling locations and years. In the first year of the study, a total of 595 EGM adults were caught by the pheremone traps on ten different vineyards. The first adults were caught on 27th April. The highest number of adults was caught by the pheromone traps on 1 June, followed by 6 July. Significant increases were observed on the number of the EGM adults caught by the pheremone traps in June and July. In addition, the highest number of EGM adults caught by the pheromone traps were on Arra 4 (124), followed by Arra 13 (75) and Arra 15 (70) vineyards. The lowest number of the EGM adults caught was in Arra 19 (35) vineyard. In the second year of the study, a total of 401 EGM adults were caught by the pheromone traps on ten different vineyards. The first adults were caught by the pheromone traps on 5 May. The highest number of EGM adults was caught by the pheromone traps on 23 June. In addition, Similar to the previous year, significant increases were observed on the number of the EGM adults caught by the pheromone traps in June and July. The highest number of EGM adults caught by the pheromone traps were on Arra 15 (70), followed by Crimson (63), Arra 4 (44) and Arra 13 (44) vineyards. The lowest number of the EGM adults caught was in Vitroblack (10) vineyard. During the sampling period of two years, there was no EGM larvae damage observed on ten different vineyards, due to intensive pesticide applications for EGM and other pests of the vineyards at the Narpak Farm.
The European Grapevine Moth (EGM), Lobesia botrana (Denis & Schif., 1775) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), is one of the most important pest of grapevine in Turkey. The study was conducted in 2016-2017 to determine the population density and damage rate of L. botrana on ten different vine varieties, 'Arra 4' (16 decares), 'Arra 13' (66 decares), 'Arra 15' (130 decares), 'Arra 16' (42 decares), 'Arra 18' (36 decares), 'Arra 19' (30 decares), 'Arra 30' (20 decares), 'Crimson' (12 decares), 'Redglop' (40 decares) and 'Vitroblack' (10 decares), at the Narpak Farm of Reyhanlı district in Hatay province. In this study, European grapevine moth pheromone (10 mg, (E,Z)-7,9-dodecadienyl acetate) with delta traps were used. One pheromone trap was placed for each of the vineyards. Traps were checked weekly and adult moths were counted and cleaned. Pheremones used in the traps were changed in every 40 days. During harvest time, 100 clusters of grapes were checked to determine larval damage rate, except from the clusters of the vines on which the traps were set up. Population density of the EGM adults differed for sampling locations and years. In the first year of the study, a total of 595 EGM adults were caught by the pheremone traps on ten different vineyards. The first adults were caught on 27th April. The highest number of adults was caught by the pheromone traps on 1 June, followed by 6 July. Significant increases were observed on the number of the EGM adults caught by the pheremone traps in June and July. In addition, the highest number of EGM adults caught by the pheromone traps were on Arra 4 (124), followed by Arra 13 (75) and Arra 15 (70) vineyards. The lowest number of the EGM adults caught was in Arra 19 (35) vineyard. In the second year of the study, a total of 401 EGM adults were caught by the pheromone traps on ten different vineyards. The first adults were caught by the pheromone traps on 5 May. The highest number of EGM adults was caught by the pheromone traps on 23 June. In addition, Similar to the previous year, significant increases were observed on the number of the EGM adults caught by the pheromone traps in June and July. The highest number of EGM adults caught by the pheromone traps were on Arra 15 (70), followed by Crimson (63), Arra 4 (44) and Arra 13 (44) vineyards. The lowest number of the EGM adults caught was in Vitroblack (10) vineyard. During the sampling period of two years, there was no EGM larvae damage observed on ten different vineyards, due to intensive pesticide applications for EGM and other pests of the vineyards at the Narpak Farm.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ziraat, Agriculture
