Çift amaçlı yulaf yetiştiriciliğinde uygun biçim zamanı ve bitki sıklığında yem ve tane verimi ve kalitesine etkisi
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Tarih
2022
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Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalışma, Amik Ovası koşullarında çift amaçlı olarak yetiştirilen (ot + tane) yulafta (Avena sativa L.) uygun ekim sıklığı ve farklı biçim uygulamalarının ot ve tane üretimi üzerine etkilerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Araştırma, Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Reyhanlı Telkaliş çiftliğinde, 2020-2021 kışlık ana ürün yetiştirme sezonunda yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada, 3 farklı ekim sıklığı (400, 500 ve 600 bitki/m2) ve üç farklı biçim zamanı (ekimden 90, 105 ve 120 gün sonra biçim) deneme konularını oluşturmuştur. Deneme üç tekrarlamalı olarak tesadüf bloklarında bölünmüş parseller deneme desenine göre kurulup, yürütülmüştür. Denemede ana parsellere biçim zamanları, alt parsellere ise bitki sıklıkları yerleştirilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda hem yaş ot hem de kuru ot verimlerinin her iki deneme faktörü ve onların interaksiyonundan önemli derecede etkilendiği belirlenmiştir. Araştırmada en yüksek kuru ot verimi (559.2 kg/da) ekimden 105 gün sonra biçim yapılan ve 500 bitki/m2 ekim sıklığı ile ekilen uygulamada, en düşük kuru ot verimi (405.2 kg/da) ise 90 gün sonra biçim yapılan 400 bitki/m2 ekim sıklığı ile ekim yapılan uygulamada elde edilmiştir. Biçim zamanında belirlenen bitki boyu değerleri ile NDF ve ADF içerikleri biçme zamanının gecikmesine ve artan bitki sıklığına bağlı olarak artış eğilimi göstermiştir. Ham protein oranı biçme zamanının gecikmesi ile önemli derecede azalmıştır. Ekimden 90 gün sonra biçilen tüm uygulamalarda %20'nin üzerinde ham protein oranları belirlenmiştir. Salkım boyu üzerine deneme faktörlerinin etkisi ise önemsiz bulunmuştur. En yüksek salkımda tane ağırlığı değeri 90 gün sonra biçim yapılan uygulamada elde edilmiştir. Biçim yapılan uygulamalarda elde edilen tane verimleri kontrol uygulamasından daha yüksek olmuştur. Tüm uygulamalar dikkate alındığında tane verimleri 94.3 kg/da ile 174.3 kg/da arasında değişim göstermiştir. Tane ham protein içerikleri %12.0 ile %17.3 arasında değişmiştir. Genel olarak, 120 gün sonra biçim yapılması tane ham protein oranında artışa neden olmuştur. En yüksek biyolojik verim değeri kontrol uygulamasında elde edilmiştir. Biçilen parseller arasında ise 105 gün sonra biçilen parsellerde daha yüksek biyolojik verim değerleri elde edilmiştir.
This study was carried out to determine the effects of sowing density and different cutting practices on forage and grain production in oats to be grown for dual purposes (forage + grain) in Amik Plain conditions. The research was carried out in the Telkaliş Research Station of Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, at the winter main crop growing season of 2020-2021. In the research, 3 different sowing densities (400, 500 and 600 plants/m2) and three different cutting times (90, 105 and 120 days after sowing) formed the experimental subjects. The experimental design was a split-plot randomized complete block with cutting times as the main plot and sowing densities as the subplot with three replicates. As a result of the research, it was determined that both fresh grass yields and dry forage yields were significantly affected by both trial factors and their interaction. In the study, the highest hay yield (559.2 kg/da) was obtained from treatment that cut 105 days after sowing and planted with a sowing density of 500 plants/m2 while the lowest hay yield (405.2 kg/da) value was found in treatment that cut 90 days after sowing and planted with 400 plants/m2 sowing density. Plant height values determined at cutting time and NDF and ADF contents showed an increasing trend depending on the delay in cutting time and increasing sowing density. Crude protein contents of hay were above 20% in all treatments harvested 90 days after sowing. The effects of experimental factors on panicle length were found to be insignificant. The highest grain weight in the panicle was obtained in the cutting treatments made after 90 days. The grain yields obtained in the cutting applications were higher than those obtained in the control application. Considering all applications, grain yields varied between 94.3 kg/da and 174.3 kg/da. Grain crude protein contents ranged from 12.0% to 17.3%. Generally, cutting after 120 days increased grain crude protein. The highest biological yield value was obtained in the control treatment. Among the cutting times, higher biological yield values were obtained in the mown plots after 105 days.
This study was carried out to determine the effects of sowing density and different cutting practices on forage and grain production in oats to be grown for dual purposes (forage + grain) in Amik Plain conditions. The research was carried out in the Telkaliş Research Station of Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, at the winter main crop growing season of 2020-2021. In the research, 3 different sowing densities (400, 500 and 600 plants/m2) and three different cutting times (90, 105 and 120 days after sowing) formed the experimental subjects. The experimental design was a split-plot randomized complete block with cutting times as the main plot and sowing densities as the subplot with three replicates. As a result of the research, it was determined that both fresh grass yields and dry forage yields were significantly affected by both trial factors and their interaction. In the study, the highest hay yield (559.2 kg/da) was obtained from treatment that cut 105 days after sowing and planted with a sowing density of 500 plants/m2 while the lowest hay yield (405.2 kg/da) value was found in treatment that cut 90 days after sowing and planted with 400 plants/m2 sowing density. Plant height values determined at cutting time and NDF and ADF contents showed an increasing trend depending on the delay in cutting time and increasing sowing density. Crude protein contents of hay were above 20% in all treatments harvested 90 days after sowing. The effects of experimental factors on panicle length were found to be insignificant. The highest grain weight in the panicle was obtained in the cutting treatments made after 90 days. The grain yields obtained in the cutting applications were higher than those obtained in the control application. Considering all applications, grain yields varied between 94.3 kg/da and 174.3 kg/da. Grain crude protein contents ranged from 12.0% to 17.3%. Generally, cutting after 120 days increased grain crude protein. The highest biological yield value was obtained in the control treatment. Among the cutting times, higher biological yield values were obtained in the mown plots after 105 days.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ziraat, Agriculture
