Asi Nehri'nin pestisit kirliliği ve karabalık (Clarias gariepinus)'ta antioksidant savunma sistemi üzerine etkisi
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Tarih
2023
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Yayıncı
Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalışmada, Hatay bölgesinin en önemli su kaynaklarından biri olan Asi Nehri'nde 3 farklı istasyondan ilkbahar, yaz, sonbahar ve kış mevsimlerinde avlanan Karabalık (Clarias gariepinus)'a ait kas, karaciğer ve solungaç dokularında antioksidan savunma sistemi parametrelerinden süperoksit dismutaz (SOD) ve katalaz (CAT) enzimlerinin aktiviteleri ve lipid peroksidayon son ürünü malondialdehit (MDA) seviyesi belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca ilkbahar ve sonbahar mevsimlerinde aynı dokularda Acephate, Alachlor, Bifenazate, Cyanazine, Cymoxanil, Desmethyl-Pirimicarb, Dichlorvos, Dinotefuran, Diphenylamine, Fenazaquin, Fenbutatin oxide (F), Fenpropathrin, Forchlorfenuron, Formetanate, Heptenophos, Hexaconazole, Imazalil, Iprovalicarb ve Isopropalin pestisit seviyeleri LC/MS-MS ile analiz edilmiştir. Çalışma, Asi Nehri'nde farklı istasyonlardan temin edilen karabalıkların karaciğer, kas ve solungaç dokularındaki fizikokimyasal, balık dokularında biyokimyasal parametrelerin mevsimsel ve bölgesel değişimlerini incelemiştir. pH ve sıcaklık ölçümleri sonucunda istasyonların pH ve sıcaklık değerleri arasında mevsimsel değişimlerin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bulgular, mevsimsel ve bölgesel farklılıkları ortaya koymaktadır. Karaciğer dokusunda, ilkbahar mevsiminde Demirköprü bölgesinde en yüksek CAT aktivitesi gözlenirken, Karasu bölgesinde en düşük aktivite tespit edilmiştir. Yaz mevsiminde ise Samandağ bölgesinde en yüksek CAT aktivitesi kaydedilmiş, Demirköprü bölgesinde ise en düşük aktivite gözlenmiştir. Benzer şekilde, kas dokusunda da mevsimsel ve bölgesel farklılıklar saptanmıştır. Solungaç dokusunda ise ilkbahar mevsiminde en yüksek CAT aktivitesi Samandağ bölgesinde, en düşük aktivite ise Karasu bölgesinde tespit edilmiştir. MDA seviyeleri incelendiğinde, ilkbahar mevsiminde Samandağ bölgesinde en yüksek seviye saptanmış, Karasu bölgesinde ise en düşük seviye gözlenmiştir. Yaz ve sonbahar mevsimlerinde de farklı MDA seviyeleri tespit edilmiştir. SOD aktivitelerinde ise mevsimsel değişimlerin etkisi sınırlı olmuştur. Karaciğer, kas ve solungaç dokularındaki MDA düzeyleri, CAT ve SOD aktiviteleri ile pestisit düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkiler Pearson korelasyon analiziyle incelenmiştir. Bu sonuçlar, balık dokularında antioksidant enzim aktiviteleri ve oksidatif stres seviyeleri arasında mevsimsel ve bölgesel farklılıklar olduğunu göstermektedir ve farklı bölgelerdeki karaciğer, kas ve solungaç dokularında oksidatif stres düzeyleri, antioksidant enzim aktiviteleri ve pestisit düzeyleri arasında mevsimsel ve bölgesel farklılıklar olduğunu göstermektedir. Ayrıca, pestisit düzeylerinin mevsimsel olarak değiştiği ve bazı mevsimlerde yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın, Asi Nehri'nin biyolojik sistemleri üzerindeki çevresel etkileri anlamamıza ve su kaynaklarının sürdürülebilir yönetimi için stratejiler geliştirmemize yardımcı olabileceği öngörülmektedir.
In this study, the activities of antioxidant defense system parameters, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) enzymes, and the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) as a lipid peroxidation end product were determined in the muscle, liver, and gill tissues of Clarias gariepinus, a species of catfish, caught from three different stations in the Asi River, one of the most important water resources in the Hatay region, during the spring, summer, autumn, and winter seasons. In addition, pesticide levels including Acephate, Alachlor, Bifenazate, Cyanazine, Cymoxanil, Desmethyl-Pirimicarb, Dichlorvos, Dinotefuran, Diphenylamine, Fenazaquin, Fenbutatin oxide (F), Fenpropathrin, Forchlorfenuron, Formetanate, Heptenophos, Hexaconazole, Imazalil, Iprovalicarb, and Isopropalin were analyzed by LC/MS-MS in the same tissues during the spring and autumn seasons. The study examined the seasonal and regional variations in physicochemical and biochemical parameters in the liver, muscle, and gill tissues of catfish obtained from different stations in the Asi River. pH and temperature measurements revealed seasonal variations in the pH and temperature values of the stations. The findings indicate seasonal and regional differences. In the liver tissue, the highest CAT activity was observed in the Demirköprü region during the spring season, while the lowest activity was found in the Karasu region. In the summer season, the highest CAT activity was recorded in the Samandağ region, and the lowest activity was observed in the Demirköprü region. Similarly, seasonal and regional differences were detected in the muscle tissue. In the gill tissue, the highest CAT activity was observed in the Samandağ region during the spring season, and the lowest activity was found in the Karasu region. When MDA levels were examined, the highest level was detected in the Samandağ region during the spring season, and the lowest level was observed in the Karasu region. Different MDA levels were also observed in the summer and autumn seasons. The effect of seasonal variations on SOD activities was limited. The relationships between MDA levels, CAT and SOD activities, and pesticide levels in the liver, muscle, and gill tissues were analyzed using Pearson correlation analysis. These results demonstrate seasonal and regional variations in antioxidant enzyme activities and oxidative stress levels in fish tissues, as well as variations in oxidative stress levels, antioxidant enzyme activities, and pesticide levels in the liver, muscle, and gill tissues in different regions. Furthermore, it was determined that pesticide levels vary seasonally and are high in certain seasons. This study is expected to contribute to our understanding of the environmental effects on the biological systems of the Asi River and the development of strategies for sustainable management of water resources.
In this study, the activities of antioxidant defense system parameters, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) enzymes, and the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) as a lipid peroxidation end product were determined in the muscle, liver, and gill tissues of Clarias gariepinus, a species of catfish, caught from three different stations in the Asi River, one of the most important water resources in the Hatay region, during the spring, summer, autumn, and winter seasons. In addition, pesticide levels including Acephate, Alachlor, Bifenazate, Cyanazine, Cymoxanil, Desmethyl-Pirimicarb, Dichlorvos, Dinotefuran, Diphenylamine, Fenazaquin, Fenbutatin oxide (F), Fenpropathrin, Forchlorfenuron, Formetanate, Heptenophos, Hexaconazole, Imazalil, Iprovalicarb, and Isopropalin were analyzed by LC/MS-MS in the same tissues during the spring and autumn seasons. The study examined the seasonal and regional variations in physicochemical and biochemical parameters in the liver, muscle, and gill tissues of catfish obtained from different stations in the Asi River. pH and temperature measurements revealed seasonal variations in the pH and temperature values of the stations. The findings indicate seasonal and regional differences. In the liver tissue, the highest CAT activity was observed in the Demirköprü region during the spring season, while the lowest activity was found in the Karasu region. In the summer season, the highest CAT activity was recorded in the Samandağ region, and the lowest activity was observed in the Demirköprü region. Similarly, seasonal and regional differences were detected in the muscle tissue. In the gill tissue, the highest CAT activity was observed in the Samandağ region during the spring season, and the lowest activity was found in the Karasu region. When MDA levels were examined, the highest level was detected in the Samandağ region during the spring season, and the lowest level was observed in the Karasu region. Different MDA levels were also observed in the summer and autumn seasons. The effect of seasonal variations on SOD activities was limited. The relationships between MDA levels, CAT and SOD activities, and pesticide levels in the liver, muscle, and gill tissues were analyzed using Pearson correlation analysis. These results demonstrate seasonal and regional variations in antioxidant enzyme activities and oxidative stress levels in fish tissues, as well as variations in oxidative stress levels, antioxidant enzyme activities, and pesticide levels in the liver, muscle, and gill tissues in different regions. Furthermore, it was determined that pesticide levels vary seasonally and are high in certain seasons. This study is expected to contribute to our understanding of the environmental effects on the biological systems of the Asi River and the development of strategies for sustainable management of water resources.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kimya, Chemistry
