Çiğdem (Crocus kotschyanus subsp. kotschyanus) türü üzerinde bazı morfolojik ve agronomik araştırmalar
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2013
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Yayıncı
Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalışma 2011-2012 yıllarında Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Tarla Bitkileri Bölümünün Tıbbi Bitkiler araştırma alanında yürütülmüştür. Bu araştırmada; Hatay ili sınırlarında doğal yayılış gösteren Crocus bitkisinin (Crocus Kotschyanus ssp. kotschyanus türünün) doğadan toplanan soğanları (kormları) ve tohumları kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada; ilk olarak, bitkilerin genel morfolojileri ve doğal yaşam alanları tespit edilmiştir. Sonrasında; laboratuar koşullarında tohumla çimlenme oranları incelenmiş, son olarak; Crocus kotschyanus spp. kotschyanus türünün yetiştiriciliği için en uygun dikim derinliği ve en uygun soğan boyunun belirlenmesine çalışılmıştır. Bu deneme, tesadüf bloklarında bölünmüş parseller deneme deseni kullanılarak üç tekerrürlü olarak yürütülmüştür. Toplanan kormlar üç farklı soğan (korm) boyuna ayrılmış (4-5 cm arası büyük, 3-4 cm orta ve ? 3 cm küçük kormlar olarak) kormlar; iki farklı dikim derinliğine (5 cm ve 15 cm), dikilmişlerdir. Her bir parsele 15 adet korm olacak şekilde dikim yapılmıştır. Soğanların çıkış oranı, çiçeklenme oranı, meyve bağlama oranı, yaprak sayısı, bitki boyu, toplam çiçek sayısı, toplam meyve sayısı, meyve eni, meyve boyu, meyvedeki tohum sayısı, hasat edilen toplam soğan sayısı, hasat edilen birim soğan ağırlığı ve soğan verimi karakterleri incelenmiştir. Sonuçlara göre en yüksek bitki boyu ortalamaları 5 cm dikim derinliğinde 13,9 cm, 15 cm dikim derinliğinde, 21 cm iken çiçeklenme oranı ise sırasıyla % 54,04 ve % 48,14 bulunmuştur. 2012 yılında hasat edilen ortalama soğan sayısı 5 cm derinlikte 239,8 adet iken 15 cm derinlikte 125,7 adet; hasat edilen birim soğan ağırlığı ortalamaları ise sırasıyla 5 cm derinlikte 0,18 (gr/soğan) ve 15 cm derinlikte 0,34 (gr/soğan) olmuştur. Dekara soğan verimleri 5 cm derinlikte; 64,6 (kg/da), 15 cm derinlikte 63,2 (kg/da) bulunmuştur. Sonuçta derine dikim yapıldığında bitki boyu, meyve boyu ve birim soğan ağırlığının arttığı, yüzlek dikimde ise bitki boyunun kısaldığı fakat yaprak, meyve, çiçek ve soğan sayısının arttığı gözlenmiştir.
This study was carried out at medicinal plants research area of Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Mustafa Kemal, during 2011-2012 years. In this research, the seeds and corms of Crocus plant (Crocus Kotschyanus ssp. kotschyanus species ) obtained from the wild that naturally spread Hatay province were used. In study at first; general morphology and their habitats of these plants were determined. Following germination rates was examined in laboratory conditions. At the last for the cultivation of Crocus Kotschyanus ssp. kotschyanus species most suitable planting depth and most suitable bulb (corm) length were investigated. The experiment was conducted using split block arrangements in completely randomized design with three replications. The collected corms were allocated three different bulb (corms) sizes (4-5 cm between big size, 3-4 cm as medium size and ? 3 cm as small size corms) corms were planted two different planting depths (5 cm, 15 cm). 15 corm were planted per each plot. Bulbs emergence rate, flowering rate, fruit set rate, leaf number, plant length, total number of flowers, total number of fruits, fruit width, fruit height, seed number per fruit, total number of harvested bulbs, unit weight of harvested bulbs and bulb yield characters were investigated. According to results the averages plant length 13.9 cm for 5 cm planting depth, 21cm for 15 cm planting depth; as the flowering rate was found to be 54,04 % and 48,14 % respectively. The average numbers of bulbs harvested in 2012 were 239,8 in 5 cm depth, 125,7 in 15 cm depth; while unit weight of bulbs harvested was 0,18 (g/bulb) in 5 cm depth, 0,34(g/bulb) in 15 cm depth. The bulb yield per decare was 64,6 (kg/da) in 5 cm depth and 63,2 (kg/da) in 15 cm depth. Finally it was observed that plant length, fruit length and unit weight of bulbs when deep planting was performed; however, in shallow planting the plant length decreased but number of leafs, fruits, flowers and totally bulbs number per plots increased.Key words: Crocus, morphology, anatomy, cultivation
This study was carried out at medicinal plants research area of Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Mustafa Kemal, during 2011-2012 years. In this research, the seeds and corms of Crocus plant (Crocus Kotschyanus ssp. kotschyanus species ) obtained from the wild that naturally spread Hatay province were used. In study at first; general morphology and their habitats of these plants were determined. Following germination rates was examined in laboratory conditions. At the last for the cultivation of Crocus Kotschyanus ssp. kotschyanus species most suitable planting depth and most suitable bulb (corm) length were investigated. The experiment was conducted using split block arrangements in completely randomized design with three replications. The collected corms were allocated three different bulb (corms) sizes (4-5 cm between big size, 3-4 cm as medium size and ? 3 cm as small size corms) corms were planted two different planting depths (5 cm, 15 cm). 15 corm were planted per each plot. Bulbs emergence rate, flowering rate, fruit set rate, leaf number, plant length, total number of flowers, total number of fruits, fruit width, fruit height, seed number per fruit, total number of harvested bulbs, unit weight of harvested bulbs and bulb yield characters were investigated. According to results the averages plant length 13.9 cm for 5 cm planting depth, 21cm for 15 cm planting depth; as the flowering rate was found to be 54,04 % and 48,14 % respectively. The average numbers of bulbs harvested in 2012 were 239,8 in 5 cm depth, 125,7 in 15 cm depth; while unit weight of bulbs harvested was 0,18 (g/bulb) in 5 cm depth, 0,34(g/bulb) in 15 cm depth. The bulb yield per decare was 64,6 (kg/da) in 5 cm depth and 63,2 (kg/da) in 15 cm depth. Finally it was observed that plant length, fruit length and unit weight of bulbs when deep planting was performed; however, in shallow planting the plant length decreased but number of leafs, fruits, flowers and totally bulbs number per plots increased.Key words: Crocus, morphology, anatomy, cultivation
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ziraat, Agriculture, Çiğdem, morfoloji, anatomi, kültüre alma
