Hatay ilinde yetiştirilen elma ve armut ağaçlarında zararlı cacopsylla(Hemiptera: Psyllidae) türlerinin belirlenmesi
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2017
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Türkiye'de yetiştiriciliği yapılan yumuşak çekirdekli meyveler içerisinde ikinci sırada armut gelmektedir. Kültür armudu bütün dünya üzerinde elma kültürünün yayıldığı hemen her yerde yetiştirilmektedir. Armut, kültür elmalarına göre, sıcağa ve kurağa daha az hassas olduğundan, elmanın iyi yetişemediği Akdeniz'in sıcak iklimli bölgelerinde de önemini korumaktadır. Ülkemiz için önemli ihraç ürünü olan armudun en önemli sorunlarından birisi, zararlı durumunda olan Cacopsylla spp. (Hemiptera: Psyllidae)'dir. Yaprak ve sürgünlerde sokup emerek beslenen bu zararlı, ayrıca "pear decline" olarak bilinen armut yıkım fitoplazması hastalığının vektör böceğidir. Hatay ilinin armut yetiştiriciliği yapılan Samandağ, Yayladağı, Antakya, Belen, Dörtyol, İskenderun, Kırıkhan, Erzin ve Serinyol ilçelerinde, bu zararlının varlığını ve türlerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılan bu çalışma, 2013 ve 2014 yıllarında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada zararlı tür sadece armut bahçelerinde belirlenmiş, elma bahçelerinden hiç örnek elde edilememiştir. Türlerin toplanmasında atrap ve japon şemsiyesi kullanılmıştır. İlk yıl 31 lokasyonda örnekleme yapılmış ve 28 lokasyonda, ikinci yıl ise 36 lokasyonun 13'ünde zararlı tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmanın ikinci yılında, türlerin belirlenmesi amacıyla alışılagelen morfolojik karakterlerin yanısıra moleküler teknikler de kullanılmış ve zararlı türün Cacopsylla pyri (L.) olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Pears come in second place among the soft-seeded fruit cultivated in Turkey. The cultured pear is grown almost everywhere in the world where apple cultivars spread. Pear is less sensitive to temperatures and constants comparing with the culture apples, and it is also important in the hot climate regions of the Mediterranean, where the apple does not grow well. Pear is important export product for our country and Cacopsylla spp. (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) is one of the most important pest problem on it. The pest feeds by piercing-sucking on leaves and shoots and it is also important vector of phytoplasmic disease known pear decline. This study was carried out in 2013 and 2014 to determine the existence and the types of Cacopsylla species on pear cultivation in Samandağ, Yayladağı, Antakya, Belen, Dörtyol, İskenderun, Kırıkhan, Erzin and Serinyol districts of Hatay province, and the sampling was done by using atrap and beating sheet. Cacopsylla species was only recovered from pear orchard, but not from apple orchards. In the first year, the pest 28 locations of 31 locations and in the second year, 13 locations of 36 locations were found. In the second year of the study, an usual morphological characters and molecular techniques were used to determine the species of the pest. As a result of these identification methods, it was determined that the pest was Cacopsylla pyri (L.).
Pears come in second place among the soft-seeded fruit cultivated in Turkey. The cultured pear is grown almost everywhere in the world where apple cultivars spread. Pear is less sensitive to temperatures and constants comparing with the culture apples, and it is also important in the hot climate regions of the Mediterranean, where the apple does not grow well. Pear is important export product for our country and Cacopsylla spp. (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) is one of the most important pest problem on it. The pest feeds by piercing-sucking on leaves and shoots and it is also important vector of phytoplasmic disease known pear decline. This study was carried out in 2013 and 2014 to determine the existence and the types of Cacopsylla species on pear cultivation in Samandağ, Yayladağı, Antakya, Belen, Dörtyol, İskenderun, Kırıkhan, Erzin and Serinyol districts of Hatay province, and the sampling was done by using atrap and beating sheet. Cacopsylla species was only recovered from pear orchard, but not from apple orchards. In the first year, the pest 28 locations of 31 locations and in the second year, 13 locations of 36 locations were found. In the second year of the study, an usual morphological characters and molecular techniques were used to determine the species of the pest. As a result of these identification methods, it was determined that the pest was Cacopsylla pyri (L.).
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ziraat, Agriculture
