Türkçe sözlükteki fiilerin eski Anadolu Türkçesindeki görünümleri - A ve B maddeleri örnekleminde

Basit Öğe Kaydı
dc.contributor.authorÇelik, Yasemin
dc.date.accessioned2019-07-16T16:00:34Z
dc.date.available2019-07-16T16:00:34Z
dc.date.issued2015
dc.departmentHatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesien_US
dc.description.abstractBu çalışmada Türkçe Sözlük'te yer alan fiillerin Eski Anadolu Türkçesi dönemindeki görünümleri üzerinde durulmuştur. Ancak Türkçe Sözlük'te yer alan fiillerin çokluğu bakımından yalnızca A ve B maddelerindeki fiiller örneklendirilmiş; diğer maddeler inceleme dışında tutulmuştur. Ayrıca A ve B maddelerindeki basit ve türemiş fiiller inceleme alanına alınmış; ancak birleşik fiiller sık sık başka harflerle başlayan isimlere veya fiillere göndermeler içerdiği için çalışmada değerlendirmeye alınmamıştır. Türkçe Sözlük ile Eski Anadolu Türkçesi söz varlığı karşılaştırılırken Türkiye Türkçesi ve Eski Anadolu Türkçesindeki fiiller, biçim birimsel, anlam bilgisel ve bazen de ses birimsel farklılıklar ve paralellikler bakımından incelenmiştir. Böylelikle günümüz Türkiye Türkçesindeki bir fiilin Eski Anadolu Türkçesinde -daha çok- hangi biçim birim ve anlam bilgisel özellikleriyle kullanıldığı, anlam bilgisel ya da biçim birimsel olarak hangi değişimlere uğradıkları tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışmada sözü edilen değerlendirmeler, Eski Anadolu Türkçesi söz varlığıyla ilgili en önemli çalışmalardan biri olan Tarama Sözlüğü ve bu sözlük hazırlanırken malzeme dışında tutulmuş başka bazı eserler üzerinden yapılmıştır. Bilindiği gibi, Tarama Sözlüğü'nde bugün anlamı ya da biçimi değişmiş olan sözcüklerin yanında, bugün kullanılmayan sözcükler de yer almaktadır. Ancak bugün Türkçe Sözlük'te yer alan yani Türkiye Türkçesinde kullanılan bazı sözcüklerin Tarama Sözlüğü'nde yer almadığı da görülmüştür. Bu durum, bu sözcüklerin, Eski Anadolu Türkçesi döneminde hiç kullanılmadığını mı, yoksa herkes tarafından bilinen anlamlara sahip olduklarını mı göstermektedir. İşte, çalışmada, bu duruma, bazı fiiller üzerinden açıklık getirmek ve böylelikle söz varlığı incelemesi yapan araştırmacılara bir veri sunmak amaçlanmıştıren_US
dc.description.abstractIn this study, it's examined that how the verbs, which take part in Türkçe Sözlük were reflected in Old Anatolian Turkish. Yet, since there are numerous verbs in Turkish Dictionary, the verbs in sampling A and B are exemplified; the other items are excluded from the study. Besides, simple and derivative verbs are examined; however, since compound verbs have references to other names or verbs which start with different letters, they are not considered to be in this study. During the lexical comparison of Türkçe Sözlük and Old Anatolian Turkish, the verbs that take part in Turkey Turkish and Old Anatolian Turkish are examined in the means of morphemic, semantics and sometimes phonological discrepancies and similarities. Thus, it is aimed to clarify how an actual Turkey Turkish verb was used in Old Anatolian Turkish in the means of morphemic and semantic features and how it was evolved in the means of semantically or morphologically. The research has been made through Türkçe Sözlük (2011) and Tarama Sözlüğü. And also while determining the differences between Türkçe Sözlük and Tarama Sözlüğü, considering the lacking words in Tarama Sözlüğü, some other writings are searched for this study Tarama Sözlüğü includes not only the words changed semantically and morphologically but also some words which are not in use currently. Besides, at present some words in Türkçe Sözlük, namely some words used in Turkey Turkish don't take part in Tarama Sözlüğü. It is not clear that why these words are not appeared in Tarama Sözlüğü since they were never used in Old Anatolian Turkish period or they have some commonalities with their actual meanings or morphemes. Here, at work, in this case to bring out some opening acts and in order to provide data to researchers who study the vocabulary In this study, it's examined that how the verbs, which take part in Türkçe Sözlük were reflected in Old Anatolian Turkish. Yet, since there are numerous verbs in Turkish Dictionary, the verbs in sampling A and B are exemplified; the other items are excluded from the study. Besides, simple and derivative verbs are examined; however, since compound verbs have references to other names or verbs which start with different letters, they are not considered to be in this study. As only A and B items are exemplified in the study, epochal lexical findings acquired by the study are partial. In other words, since the study is just based on the verbs which start with the related phonemes, descriptions about the lexicon are limited as well. Considering the deep-rooted history of Turkish, it can be seen that Turkish has gone through the changes. These changes not only go for morphemic but also semantic features of the words. In this regard, Turkish needs a historical dictionary to figure out the changing and proceedings in the means of lexicality. The indexes and dictionaries which were written for some various writings in the past would be basis for that historical dictionary. One of the most important steps of Turkish in the means of maintaining historical lexicography is introducing Tarama Sözlüğü even though it had some deficiencies and limited critics of the past texts and lexicality of the past. Another dictionary which is considered to be more complementary and complex than Tarama Sözlüğü is Türkiye Türkçesinin Tarihsel Sözlüğü. There is no doubt that this dictionary which is arranged by Türk Dil Kurumu (Turkish Language Society) will fill the gaps on lexicality when it is published (Köksal: 2009, 249). On the other hand, there is a lot to do for the study of Türkiye Türkçesinin Tarihsel Sözlüğü. Cem Dilçin has discussed the features and the principles for the methods of preparing Türkiye Türkçesinin Tarihsel Sözlüğü in his study of Türkiye Türkçesinin Sözvarlığı ve Tarihsel Sözlüğü (Dilçin: 1983, 37-38). In the study, Old Anatolian Turkish which is considered to be the first historical phase of Turkey Turkish and Turkey Turkish is discussed. During the lexical comparison of Türkçe Sözlük and Old Anatolian Turkish, the verbs that take part in Turkey Turkish and Old Anatolian Turkish are examined in the means of morphemic, semantics and sometimes phonological discrepancies and similarities. Thus, it is aimed to clarify how an actual Turkey Turkish verb was used in Old Anatolian Turkish in the means of morphemic and semantic features and how it was evolved in the means of semantically or morphologically. Accordingly, it is noticed that there are substantially similarities between Old Anatolian Turkish and actual Turkey Turkish while there are some verbs changing their meanings or morphemes depending the semantic extension or restriction through the time. After all, during the period between the 13th and 20-21th century it is an inevitable result that there should be some discrepancies between the old Anatolian Turkish and actual Turkey Turkish. The research has been made through Türkçe Sözlük (2011) and Tarama Sözlüğü. Cem Dilçin has defined that Tarama Sözlüğü is the combination of some Turkish words which has been acquired from some writings that had been written between the 13 th and the 19th centuries and not in use nowadays or the words semantically and morphologically changed (Dilçin: 1995, V). Nevertheless, Tarama Sözlüğü includes not only the words changed semantically and morphologically but also some words which are not in use currently. Besides, at present some words in Türkçe Sözlük, namely some words used in Turkey Turkish don't take part in Tarama Sözlüğü. It is not clear that why these words are not appeared in Tarama Sözlüğü since they were never used in Old Anatolian Turkish period or they have some commonalities with their actual meanings or morphemes. Hence, it is inevitable that some descriptions about the verbs in Tarama Sözlüğü will cause hesitation. For this reason, while determining the differences between Türkçe Sözlük and Tarama Sözlüğü, considering the lacking words in Tarama Sözlüğü, some other writings are searched for this study. (Kitâbu EvsâfıMesâcidi’ş–Şerîfe of Ahmed Fakîh, Mukaddime of Kutbeddin İznikî, Kur’an Tercümesi of Muhammed bin Hamza, Dîvân of Necâtî Bey, Kemâliyye and Tuhfe-i Muradî of Şirvanlı Mahmud). Hence,some verbs which were used in Old Anatolian Turkish period but not seen in Tarama Sözlüğü are revealed through these writings. In the study, similar and different usage of the verbs in Old Anatolian Turkish and actual Turkey Turkish are examined in six headings: Simple verbs which have similar morphemic and semantic features, simple verbs which have different morphemic and same semantic features, simple verbs which have same morphemic and different semantic features; derivative verbs which have similar morphemic and semantic features, derivative verbs which have different morphemic and same semantic features, derivative verbs which have same morphemic and different semantic features. There are 13 simple verbs in the category of simple verbs which have same morphemic and semantic features. These are Aç-/aç (II)-, ağla, ak-/ak (II)-, an-, ara-, bele-, biç-, bil-, bur-, buy- and büz. While the verbs aç-, ağla, ak-, an switched to actual Turkey Turkish from Old Anatolian Turkish having a semantic extension, on the other hand, the verbs bele, biç-, bil-, bur-, buy-, büz had semantic restriction. However, we can see that the verb ara- has exactly same morphemic and semantic features with Old Anatolian Turkish and actual Turkey Turkish. There are 8 simple verbs in the category of simple verbs which have different morphemic and same semantic features. These are Aksa-, az-, bağır-, bak-, ban-, boya-, bük- and büyü-. Examining the morphemic changes of az-, bağır-, ban-, boya-, bük- ve büyü- we could say that simple verbs of actual Turkey Turkish corresponded with the derivative verbs of Old Anatolian Turkish period. In this situation, we may reckon that actual Turkey Turkish benefits from the least effort law when it is compared to Old Anatolian Turkish. Besides, the phonemic changes of the verbs bak-<bah- ve aksa-<ağsa-/ahsa- are remarkable. There are 6 simple verbs in the category of simple verbs which have same morphemic and different semantic features. These are Ada-, ak, art, aş- ve bay -, bit(I)-. Examining these verbs in both two periods, we could say that some verbs, which have different semantic features were created as a result of semantic extension or restriction even they were in same morphemic structure. There are 12 derivative verbs in the category of derivative verbs which have same morphemic and same semantic features. These are Ağırla-, akıt-, anla-, arıt-, avla-, bağla-, banla-, barış-,bezen-, biliş-, birleve buluş-. While the verbs akıt-, bezen- and buluş- have completely same morphemic and semantic features with actual Turkey Turkish and Old Anatolian Turkish, the verbs banla- and arıt- have semantic extension and the verbs ağırla-, anla-, avla-, bağla-, barış-, biliş-, birle- have semantic restriction during the their transition from Old Anatolian Turkish to actual Turkey Turkish. There are 14 derivative verbs in the category of derivative verbs which have different morphemic and same semantic features. These are acıktır-, adlandır-, ağar-, alacalan-, alçal-, antlaş-, ayıkla-, basıl-, bertil-, besle-, bilmezlen-, bindir-, burcu-, buzağıla-. It is noticed that the verbs ağar-<akar-, antlaş-<andlaş- and besle-<bisle- have both phonological and morphological changes. There are 7 derivative verbs in the category of derivative verbs which have same morphemic and different semantic features. These are ağaçla-, aldır-, ayakla-, benlen-, boyan-, boyla- and burul-. Examining these verbs we could express that the verbs in Old Anatolian Turkish have completely different semantic features even though they exist morphologically in actual Turkey Turkish. Twenty eight verbs in item A (13 simple, 15 derivative verbs) and thirty two verbs in item B (14 simple, 18 derivative verbs) and totally 60 verbs are discussed in the study in general. Accordingly, during the transition process from Old Anatolian Turkish to actual Turkey Turkish we notice that there is not a fundemental semantic and morphemic change on the verbs. Because, there are many verbs which have same morphemic and semantic features. Hence, amount the verbs which have different morphemic and different semantic features are less. Besides, some verbs of which semantic features haven't changed but used in different morphemic forms are defined. Yet, it's seen that the verbs have less semantic but more morphemic changes between these two periods in general. Nevertheless, in order to define the semantic and morphemic discrepancies and similarities clearly between these two periods, all the items in Türkçe Sözlük and other periodical dictionaries should selectively be examined and more similar writings should be searched. In recent years, Eski Anadolu Türkçesi Söz Varlığına Katkı-Anonim Cerr?h-n?me Örneği of Serdar Yavuz (2015), Edirneli Nazmî ve Çağdaşlarının Eserlerinden Türkiye Türkçesinin Tarihsel Sözlüğü’ne Katkılar of Mehmet Fatih Köksal (2009), Qısas-ı Enbiy?’dan Eski Anadolu Türkçesinin Sözvarlığına Katkılar I of Emine Yılmaz andNurettin Demir (2009) and their other works (2010) Qısas-ı Enbiy?’dan Eski Anadolu Türkçesinin Sözvarlığına Katkılar II, (2013) Qısas-ı Enbiy?’dan Eski Anadolu Türkçesinin Sözvarlığına Katkılar III, Tarama Sözlüğü and Türkçe Sözlük’e Göre Anlam Değişmeleri studies of Resul Özavşar (2013) are remarkable written works.en_US
dc.identifier.endpage270en_US
dc.identifier.issn1308-2140
dc.identifier.issue12en_US
dc.identifier.startpage249en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://trdizin.gov.tr/publication/paper/detail/TWpjek9USXhNUT09
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12483/2399
dc.identifier.volume10en_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakTR-Dizinen_US
dc.language.isotren_US
dc.relation.ispartofTurkish Studies (Elektronik)en_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Ulusal Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US]
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessen_US
dc.subjectSosyal Bilimleren_US
dc.subjectDisiplinler Arasıen_US
dc.titleTürkçe sözlükteki fiilerin eski Anadolu Türkçesindeki görünümleri - A ve B maddeleri örneklemindeen_US
dc.title.alternativeThe reflection of Turkish dıctıonary verbs in old Anatolıan Turkish - sampling of A and B itemsen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

Dosyalar

Orijinal paket
Listeleniyor 1 - 1 / 1
Küçük Resim
İsim:
Celık, Yasemın 2015.pdf
Boyut:
491.34 KB
Biçim:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Açıklama:
Tam Metin / Full Text
İndir

Koleksiyon

TR-Dizin İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu