Hatay yöresinde seçilmiş defne (Laurus nobilis L.) genotiplerinde uçucu yağ oranı ve bileşenlerinde ontogenetik varyabilitenin belirlenmesi ve baharat kalitesi açısından yaprak özelliklerinin değerlendirilmesi
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2014
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Yayıncı
Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalışma defne uçucu yağlarında ve bileşenlerinde ontogenetik varyabilitenin belirlenmesi ve seçilmiş defne bitkilerinin yaprak özelliklerinin baharatlık kalitesi açısından incelenmesi amacıyla Hatay florasında bulunan 12 farklı defne genotipi ile iki yıl süre ile yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada defne uçucu yağında ve bileşenlerinde ontogenetik varyabilitenin belirlenmesi amacıyla 12 defne genotipinden yıl boyunca her ay yaprak örnekleri alınarak uçucu yağ oranları ve uçucu yağ bileşenleri tespit edilmiştir. Yaprakların baharatlık kalitesinin belirlenmesi amacıyla ise bitkiler yıl içindeki üç farklı fizyolojik dönemde (ilkbahar çiçeklenme döneminde, çiçeklenme sonrası dönemde, dinlenme dönemi başlangıcında kışa girerken)fenolojik, morfolojik ve bazı baharatlık özellikleri açısından incelenmiştir. Denemeler üç tekrarlamalı olarak iki yıl süre ile yürütülmüştür. Defne genotiplerinin 24 ay boyunca aylık olarak yapılan incelemelerinde toplanan 1000 g yaş yaprak kurutulmuş ve elde edilen kuru yaprak ağırlıkları 324.52 gr-610.10 gr arasında tartılmıştır. Yaprak uçucu yağ oranları farklı hasat dönemlerinde %0.60 ile %5.87 arasında değişmiştir. Uçucu yağın ana bileşeni olarak okaliptol (1,8-Cineole) belirlenmiştir. En yüksek okaliptol oranı % 58,66 ile ER35 kod numaralı genotipte Mart 2013 döneminde hasat edilen yapraklarda elde edilmiştir. Çalışmada incelenen defne genotiplerinin çiçeklenme dönemine Nisan ve Mayıs ayında girdikleri belirlenmiştir. Yapılan ölçümlerde yaprak alanları218.00mm2 ile 1321.33 mm2, yaprak enleri 25.33 mm ile 53.87 mm, yaprak boyları 65.13 mm ve 113.83 mm, yaprak sap uzunlukları 5.53 mm ile 14.49 mm, yaprak kalınlıkları 300.70 µm - 822.70 µm arasında ölçülmüştür. 12 genotipten 6 tanesinin yaprak kenarı şekli düz 6 tanesinin de pürüzlü olduğu gözlenmiştir. Yaprak yüzeyi bakımından 7 tanesi düz, 5 tanesi de pürüzlü olduğu görülmüştür. Klorofil içeriklerinin baharda ve yazın, kışa göre daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak E10, HB11, B29 ve ER35 kod numaralı genotipler baharatlık olarak, O8, HB8A, E1 ve B34 kod numaralı genotipler uçucu yağ verimi açısından ümitvar genotipler olarak belirlenmişlerdir. Antakya, 126 s
This study was carried out for two years with selected 12 different laurel genotypes in flora of Hatay to determine the ontogenetic variability of laurel essential oil contents and components and to examine the leaf characteristics of laurel plants in terms of spice quality. In the study, aiming to determine the variability of laurel essential oil contents and components the leaves of 12 laurel plant genotypes were gathered every month throughout the year and the essential oil and components were identified. In order to determine the spice quality of the leaves, laurel plants were examined in terms of phenological, morphological and some spice characteristics in three different physiological periods (spring flowering period, in the period after flowering, at the beginning of the rest period when entering the winter) during the year. Trials were conducted with three replications for two years. During the 24 month period, 1000 g fresh leaves of laurel plant genotypes were gathered monthly and dried. The obtained dry leaf weights were between-610.10 and 324.52 g. The leaf essential oil content of different harvest periods ranged from 5.87% to 0.60%. Eucalyptol (1,8-Cineole) were determined as the main component of the essential oil and the highest Eucalyptol rate with 58.66% were detected in the leaves of ER35 code number ecotypes harvested in March of 2013. It was determined that examined laurel plant genotypes were entered blooming period in April and May. In the measurements leaf area were ranged between 218.00 and 1321.33 mm², leaf width 25.33 and 53.87 mm, leaf length 65.13 and 113.83 mm, petiole length 5.53 and 14:49 mm, leaf thickness 300.70 and 822.70 µ. The leaf edge of 6 laurel plant genotypes of 12 was flat and 6 of them were observed to be rough. In terms of leaf surface, it was observed that 7 genotypes had flat surface while 5 of them had rough surface. Chlorophyll content in spring and summer period was determined to be higher than in the winter. As a result, E10, HB11, B29 and ER35 code number genotypes were determined as promising genotypes in terms of spice and O8, HB8 to E1 and B34 code number genotypes were identified as promising genotypes as regards to essential oil yield. Antakya,126 p
This study was carried out for two years with selected 12 different laurel genotypes in flora of Hatay to determine the ontogenetic variability of laurel essential oil contents and components and to examine the leaf characteristics of laurel plants in terms of spice quality. In the study, aiming to determine the variability of laurel essential oil contents and components the leaves of 12 laurel plant genotypes were gathered every month throughout the year and the essential oil and components were identified. In order to determine the spice quality of the leaves, laurel plants were examined in terms of phenological, morphological and some spice characteristics in three different physiological periods (spring flowering period, in the period after flowering, at the beginning of the rest period when entering the winter) during the year. Trials were conducted with three replications for two years. During the 24 month period, 1000 g fresh leaves of laurel plant genotypes were gathered monthly and dried. The obtained dry leaf weights were between-610.10 and 324.52 g. The leaf essential oil content of different harvest periods ranged from 5.87% to 0.60%. Eucalyptol (1,8-Cineole) were determined as the main component of the essential oil and the highest Eucalyptol rate with 58.66% were detected in the leaves of ER35 code number ecotypes harvested in March of 2013. It was determined that examined laurel plant genotypes were entered blooming period in April and May. In the measurements leaf area were ranged between 218.00 and 1321.33 mm², leaf width 25.33 and 53.87 mm, leaf length 65.13 and 113.83 mm, petiole length 5.53 and 14:49 mm, leaf thickness 300.70 and 822.70 µ. The leaf edge of 6 laurel plant genotypes of 12 was flat and 6 of them were observed to be rough. In terms of leaf surface, it was observed that 7 genotypes had flat surface while 5 of them had rough surface. Chlorophyll content in spring and summer period was determined to be higher than in the winter. As a result, E10, HB11, B29 and ER35 code number genotypes were determined as promising genotypes in terms of spice and O8, HB8 to E1 and B34 code number genotypes were identified as promising genotypes as regards to essential oil yield. Antakya,126 p
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ziraat, Agriculture
