Rekreasyonel futbolcularda saha büyüklüğündeki değişimin metabolik ve kinematik cevaplar üzerindeki etkilerinin incelenmesi
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Tarih
2019
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Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalışma rekreasyonel futbolcularda saha büyüklüğündeki değişimin metabolik ve kinematik cevaplar üzerindeki etkilerinin incelenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Ayrıca çalışmanın diğer amacı, maçların yaratmış olduğu yüklenme düzeyinin sağlık ve performans parametrelerini geliştirmekte uygunluğunun değerlendirilmesidir. Çalışmaya Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Yüksekokulunda öğrenim gören düzenli olarak spor yapmayan ve sağlık problemi bulunmayan yaşları 22,52 ± 2,02 yıl, boyları 176,96 ± 5,69 cm, kiloları 69,74 ± 8,82 kg olan toplam 24 kişi katılmıştır. Futbol maçları üç farklı saha şeklinde küçük saha (40-24 m), orta saha (50-33 m) ve büyük saha (60-40 m) ölçülerinde standart bir ısınmanın ardından 50 dakika aralıksız olarak oynatılmıştır. Ölçümler 4'er gün aralıkla iki haftada sonlandırılmıştır. Ana bulgular KAH ortalama, KAH rezerve, KAHmaks'ın yüzdelerinde geçirilen süreler (dk.), KAHmaks'ın %90'ın üzerine girme sayısı, KAHmaks'ın %90'ın üzerine her girdiğindeki kalınan süre, algılanan zorluk dereceleri, toplam kat edilen mesafe, maksimum hız, ortalama hız, farklı hız aralıklarında kat edilen mesafeler, egzersiz yükü puanı, pozitif ve negatif ivmelenme değerleridir. Tüm parametrelere ilişkin ortalama ve standart sapma değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Varyansların homojenliği ve normal dağılıma uygunluk sırasıyla Hartley F-maks ve Levene testleri ile değerlendirilmiştir. Saha büyüklüğündeki değişimin incelenen parametrelere etkisi tekrarlı ölçümlerde varyans analizi ile test edilmiştir. F değeri anlamlı bulunduğunda ikişerli grup karşılaştırmalarında Bonferroni testi kullanılmıştır. Parametrik koşullar sağlanmadığında ise Friedman testi uygulanmış ve ikişerli grup karşılaştırmaları Wilcoxon testi ile yapılmıştır. Tüm istatistik işlemler SPSS 15 paket programında yapılmış ve anlamlılık düzeyi p<0.05 kabul edilmiştir. Çalışma sonuçları genel olarak orta ve büyük sahalarda oynanan maçlara verilen kardiovasküler yanıtların birbirlerine benzer (p>0,05) ancak küçük sahada oynanan oyun ile karşılaştırıldığında daha düşük olduğunu göstermiştir (p<0,05). Diğer taraftan, dışsal yüklenme düzeyinin göstergesi olarak kabul edilen kat edilen toplam mesafe ve yüksek hızda kat edilen mesafe değerleri açısından büyük sahada oynanan oyundan elde edilen değerler küçük ve orta sahalara göre yüksek bulunurken (p<0,05), negatif ve pozitif ivmelenme sayıları açısından ise küçük ve orta sahadan elde edilen değerler daha yüksek bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Bu çalışmada küçük, orta ve büyük sahalarda oynanan oyunlarda en yüksek relatif yüklenme düzeyine küçük sahada oynanan oyunda ulaşılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, küçük sahada oynanan futbol maçlarında farklı KAH parametreleri referans alınarak değerlendirilen içsel stres düzeyi orta ve büyük sahada oynanan oyunlardan yüksek bulunmuştur. Çalışmada incelenen parametreler katılımcıların yaş, cinsiyet, antrenman düzeyi ve beceri seviyesi gibi birçok faktörden etkilenebileceği için elde edilen bulguların bu çerçevede değerlendirilmesi ve tüm popülasyona genişletilmesinden kaçınılması gerekir.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of pitch dimensions on metabolic and kinematic responses in recreational football players. Another aim of the study was to evaluate the suitability of the load level created by the matches in improving health and performance parameters. Twenty-four sedentary healthy males (22.52 ± 2.02 years, height 176.96 ± 5.69 cm, weight 69.74 ± 8.82 kg) participated in the study. The football matches were played in three different pitches, small pitch (40-24 m), moderate pitch (50-33 m) and large pitch (60-40 m) for 50 minutes after a standard warm-up protocol. Measurements were completed in two weeks with 4 days intervals. The following internal and external parameters were included in the study; mean HR, HR reserve, time spent in various percent of KAHmax (min.), number of enterance > 90% of KAHmax, sustained time spent for each enterance, rating of perceived exertion (RPE), total distance covered, maximum speed, average speed, distances covered in different speed zones, exercise load, the number of positive and negative accelerations. Mean and standard deviation were calculated for each parameters. Homogeneity of variances and suitability for normal distribution were evaluated by Hartley F-max and Levene tests, respectively. The effect of the pitch dimensions on the parameters examined was tested by variance analysis in repeated measures. When F value was found to be significant, Bonferroni test was used in paired group comparisons. When parametric conditions were not provided, Friedman test was performed and Wilcoxon test was used for paired group comparison. All statistical procedures were performed using SPSS 15 package program and significance level was set at p <0.05. The results of the study showed that the cardiovascular responses during moderate and large pitches were similar, but these responses were lower compared with small pitch. On the other hand, indicators of external loading parameters as total distance covered and distance covered at high speed running were significantly higher in large pitch compared with small and moderate pitches. In addition, negative and positive accelerations during small and large pitches were higher than large pitches. As a result, the cardiovascular stress level were found to be higher in small pitch than medium and large pitches. The results of this study could be influenced by several factors including age, gender, training and skill level. Hence, the results should be evaluated in this context and avoided from extend to the whole population. Key words: Recreational football, heart rate, field size
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of pitch dimensions on metabolic and kinematic responses in recreational football players. Another aim of the study was to evaluate the suitability of the load level created by the matches in improving health and performance parameters. Twenty-four sedentary healthy males (22.52 ± 2.02 years, height 176.96 ± 5.69 cm, weight 69.74 ± 8.82 kg) participated in the study. The football matches were played in three different pitches, small pitch (40-24 m), moderate pitch (50-33 m) and large pitch (60-40 m) for 50 minutes after a standard warm-up protocol. Measurements were completed in two weeks with 4 days intervals. The following internal and external parameters were included in the study; mean HR, HR reserve, time spent in various percent of KAHmax (min.), number of enterance > 90% of KAHmax, sustained time spent for each enterance, rating of perceived exertion (RPE), total distance covered, maximum speed, average speed, distances covered in different speed zones, exercise load, the number of positive and negative accelerations. Mean and standard deviation were calculated for each parameters. Homogeneity of variances and suitability for normal distribution were evaluated by Hartley F-max and Levene tests, respectively. The effect of the pitch dimensions on the parameters examined was tested by variance analysis in repeated measures. When F value was found to be significant, Bonferroni test was used in paired group comparisons. When parametric conditions were not provided, Friedman test was performed and Wilcoxon test was used for paired group comparison. All statistical procedures were performed using SPSS 15 package program and significance level was set at p <0.05. The results of the study showed that the cardiovascular responses during moderate and large pitches were similar, but these responses were lower compared with small pitch. On the other hand, indicators of external loading parameters as total distance covered and distance covered at high speed running were significantly higher in large pitch compared with small and moderate pitches. In addition, negative and positive accelerations during small and large pitches were higher than large pitches. As a result, the cardiovascular stress level were found to be higher in small pitch than medium and large pitches. The results of this study could be influenced by several factors including age, gender, training and skill level. Hence, the results should be evaluated in this context and avoided from extend to the whole population. Key words: Recreational football, heart rate, field size
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Spor, Sports, Rekreasyonel futbol, Kalp Atım Hızı, Saha büyüklüğü
