Akıllı kent yaklaşımı ve Türkiye'deki büyükşehirlerde uygulama imkânları: Gaziantep Büyükşehir Belediyesi ve Hatay Büyükşehir Belediyesi örnekleri
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2022
Yazarlar
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Yayıncı
Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Sanayi Devrimi'nden bu yana kentlere doğru yaşanan yoğun göç hareketi ile birlikte artan nüfus, kentlerdeki düzensiz mekânsal büyüme ve yapılaşma; kentlerin hizmet sunumunda yetersiz kalması, artan ihtiyaçların karşılanamaması gibi problemlerin yanı sıra barınma, eğitim, sağlık, ulaşım, güvenlik, trafik ve çevre gibi birçok alanda ortaya çıkan sorunların da tetikleyicisi olmuştur. Söz konusu durum, kentlerin karşılaştığı sorunların çözümünde ve kentsel sürdürülebilirliğin sağlanması ve devam ettirilmesinde, kaynakların etkin ve verimli kullanılmasında, kentsel hizmetlerin daha yenilikçi ve kaliteli olarak sunulmasında yeni bir kent model ve uygulamasına duyulan ihtiyacın kaçınılmaz olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Bu noktada önem kazanan "akıllı kent model ve uygulamaları", kent sorunlarına çözüm bulma arayışı içerisinde kent yönetimleri için adeta bir kent kılavuzu niteliği kazanmıştır. Teknolojinin kent ile entegrasyonunu ifade eden ve kent sorunlarına teknoloji yardımıyla yenilikçi çözümler üretilen akıllı kent uygulamaları sayesinde; yapay zekâ, nesnelerin interneti, büyük veri, açık veri, geniş bant, sanal/arttırılmış gerçeklik, üç boyutlu yazıcılar gibi teknolojilerin kullanılmasıyla pek çok sorun hızlı ve etkin biçimde çözülmektedir. 1990'lı yıllarda başlangıç seviyesinde olan akıllı kent uygulamaları, dünyada ve Türkiye'de artık yerel yönetimler için vazgeçilmez bir durumdadır. Türkiye'de 2000'li yıllarda ilk tohumları atılan akıllı kent uygulamaları, günümüze kadar hızlı bir şekilde yaygınlık kazanmaya başlamıştır. Gaziantep ve Hatay Büyükşehir Belediyeleri'nin gerçekleştirdiği akıllı kent uygulamalarının araştırılarak bu uygulamaların akıllı kent bileşenleri çerçevesinde karşılaştırıldığı bu çalışmada, temel olarak "daha erken büyükşehir statüsü kazanan kentlerin, kendilerine kıyasla daha geç büyükşehir olan kentlere göre akıllı kent uygulamaları konusunda avantajlı olup olmadığı" sorusuna Gaziantep ve Hatay özelinde cevap aranmıştır. Bu tez çalışması, teze konu olan Gaziantep kentinin Hatay kentine göre daha erken büyükşehir statüsüne kavuştuğunu, dolayısıyla akıllı kent uygulamalarına daha erken başladığını ve uyum sağladığını, daha fazla ve farklı alanlarda akıllı kent uygulamalarını hayata geçirdiğini ortaya koyması bakımından önem taşımaktadır. ANAHTAR KELİMELER Kent, Kentleşme, Akıllı Kent, Gaziantep Büyükşehir Belediyesi, Hatay Büyükşehir Belediyesi
Since the Industrial Revolution, being a precipitating force, the increasing population with the intense migration movement towards the cities has brought many problems with it, indeed these are the irregular spatial growth and structuring in cities, the inadequacy of the cities in the provision of services, the inability to meet the increasing needs and the other problems such as housing, education, health, transportation, security, traffic and environment. This situation has revealed that need for a new city model and its own practices is inevitable in solving the problems faced by cities, in ensuring and maintaining urban sustainability, in the effective and efficient use of resources, and in providing urban services with more innovative and high quality. At this point, "smart city models and practices", which gained importance, have become virtually a city guide for city administrations in search of solutions to urban problems. Many problems are solved quickly and effectively thanks to smart city applications, which express the integration of technology with the city and produce innovative solutions to urban problems with the help of technology, indeed these solutions are artificial intelligence, internet of things, big data, open data, broadband, virtual/augmented reality, the use of three-dimensional printers. The smart city applications, which were at the beginning level in the 1990s, are now indispensable for local governments in the world and in Turkey. Morever, smart city applications, the seeds of which were first planted in Turkey in the 2000s, have started to gain popularity rapidly until today. This study, in which smart city practices carried out by Gaziantep and Hatay Metropolitan Municipalities are investigated in order to compare them in term of their components about the framework of smart city characteristics has sought some answers for the questionable status "whether the cities that gained metropolitan status earlier have an advantage in terms of smart city applications compared to cities that became metropolitan later than themselves", by doing research on the cases of Gaziantep and Hatay. This thesis is very important because it reveals that the city of Gaziantep, which is the subject of the thesis, attained the metropolitan status earlier than the city of Hatay, thus, it started smart city applications earlier and caused it to adapt to it, and also put into practice many smart city applications in more and different areas. KEY WORDS City, Urbanization, Smart City, Gaziantep Metropolitan Municipality, Hatay Metropolitan Municipality
Since the Industrial Revolution, being a precipitating force, the increasing population with the intense migration movement towards the cities has brought many problems with it, indeed these are the irregular spatial growth and structuring in cities, the inadequacy of the cities in the provision of services, the inability to meet the increasing needs and the other problems such as housing, education, health, transportation, security, traffic and environment. This situation has revealed that need for a new city model and its own practices is inevitable in solving the problems faced by cities, in ensuring and maintaining urban sustainability, in the effective and efficient use of resources, and in providing urban services with more innovative and high quality. At this point, "smart city models and practices", which gained importance, have become virtually a city guide for city administrations in search of solutions to urban problems. Many problems are solved quickly and effectively thanks to smart city applications, which express the integration of technology with the city and produce innovative solutions to urban problems with the help of technology, indeed these solutions are artificial intelligence, internet of things, big data, open data, broadband, virtual/augmented reality, the use of three-dimensional printers. The smart city applications, which were at the beginning level in the 1990s, are now indispensable for local governments in the world and in Turkey. Morever, smart city applications, the seeds of which were first planted in Turkey in the 2000s, have started to gain popularity rapidly until today. This study, in which smart city practices carried out by Gaziantep and Hatay Metropolitan Municipalities are investigated in order to compare them in term of their components about the framework of smart city characteristics has sought some answers for the questionable status "whether the cities that gained metropolitan status earlier have an advantage in terms of smart city applications compared to cities that became metropolitan later than themselves", by doing research on the cases of Gaziantep and Hatay. This thesis is very important because it reveals that the city of Gaziantep, which is the subject of the thesis, attained the metropolitan status earlier than the city of Hatay, thus, it started smart city applications earlier and caused it to adapt to it, and also put into practice many smart city applications in more and different areas. KEY WORDS City, Urbanization, Smart City, Gaziantep Metropolitan Municipality, Hatay Metropolitan Municipality
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kamu Yönetimi, Public Administration
