Osmaniye ili nar bahçelerinde Akdeniz meyve sineği, ceratitis capitata (wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae)'nin yayılışı, popülasyon yoğunluğu ve zarar oranının belirlenmesi
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Tarih
2015
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Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Akdeniz meyve sineği, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae), ülkemizde narın önemli bir zararlısıdır. Çalışma 2012-2013 yıllarında Osmaniye ilinde bulunan nar bahçelerinde Akdeniz meyve sineğinin yayılışı, popülasyon yoğunluğu ve zarar oranının belirlenmesi için yapılmıştır. Çalışma Econex sarı tuzak + feromon (% 95 trimedlure (t-butyl 4 (or 5)chloro-2-methylcyclohexanecarboxylate) ve DDVP kullanılarak birinci yılda (11 Ağustos – 21 Aralık 2012) Hicaz çeşidi bulunan dört nar bahçesinde, ikinci yılda (11 Ağustos- 30 Kasım 2013) Hicaz çeşitleri bulunan dört nar bahçesinde yapılmıştır. Feromon tuzakları haftalık olarak kontrol edilmiş ve yakalanan erginler sayılmış ve temizlenmiştir. Tuzaklardaki feromon dispenserleri her 90 günde bir yenileri ile değiştirilmiştir. Hasat zamanı feromon tuzaklarının kurulduğu nar ağacı hariç, her bahçeden rastgele seçilen 300 meyve kontrol edilerek vuruklu nar meyvesi sayısı kaydedilmiştir. 2012 yılında çalışmanın yürütüldüğü dört nar bahçesinden ikisinde Akdeniz meyve sineğine rastlanmış, diğer iki nar bahçesinde ise rastlanmamıştır. 2013 yılında çalışmanın yürütüldüğü bütün nar bahçelerinde Akdeniz meyve sineğine rastlanmıştır. Her iki yılda Akdeniz meyve sineğinin popülasyon yoğunluğu örneklenen bahçelere göre önemli derecede farklılık göstermiştir. 2012 yılında örnekleme süresince feromon tuzakları tarafından 168 adet Akdeniz meyve sineği ergini yakalanmıştır. Tuzaklarda en fazla ergin 26 Ekim'de yakalanmış, bunu 9 Kasım, 23 Kasım, 15 Eylül tarihleri takip etmiştir. Feromon tuzakları tarafından yakalanan Akdeniz meyve sineği ergin sayısı örneklenen aylara göre önemli derece farklılık göstermiş iken en fazla ergin % 45.8 ile kasım ayında yakalanmış olup, bunu % 23.8 ile eylül, % 20.8 ile ekim, % 8.3 ile ağustos ve % 1,19 ile aralık ayları takip etmiştir. 2013 yılında örnekleme süresince feromon tuzakları tarafından 274 adet Akdeniz meyve sineği ergini yakalanmıştır. Tuzaklar tarafından en fazla ergin 10 Kasım'da yakalanmış, bunu 3 Kasım ve 13 Ekim tarihleri takip etmiştir. Feromon tuzakları tarafından yakalanan Akdeniz meyve sineği ergin sayısı örneklenen aylara göre önemli derece farklılık göstermiş olup, en fazla ergin % 35.40 ile kasım ayında yakalanmış iken, bunu % 32.85 ile eylül, % 28.83 ile ekim ve % 2,92 ile ağustos ayları takip etmiştir. Akdeniz meyve sineğinin zarar oranında örneklenen bahçelere göre önemli derecede farklılık gözlenmiştir. 2012 yılında Akdeniz meyve sineği'nin en fazla zararı % 7.33 ile Bahçe II' de gözlenmiş olup, bunu % 5.66 ile Bahçe I takip etmiştir. 2013 yılında Akdeniz meyve sineği'nin en fazla zararı % 10.33 ile Bahçe I'de gözlenmiş olup, bunu % 10 ile Bahçe IV, % 6.66 ile Bahçe III ve % 5.66 ile Bahçe II takip etmiştir.
Mediterranean fruit fly (Medfly), Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae), is one of the important pests of pomegranate in Turkey. The studies were conducted in 2012-2013 to evaluate distribution, population density and damage rates of Medfly at pomegranate orchards in Osmaniye province. The study was carried out using the Econex yellow traps and pheromones (% 95 trimedlure (t-butyl 4 (or 5)chloro-2-methylcyclohexanecarboxylate) and DDVP at four different pomegranate orchards in the first year (11 August to 21 December 2012), and at four different pomegranate orchards in the second year (11 August to 30 November 2013) all of which were 'Hicaz' variety. The pheromone traps were weekly checked and captured Medfly adults were counted and then cleaned. Pheromones in the yellow traps were replaced with the new ones in every 90 days. During the harvest time, except from the pheromone trap hanging tree, 300 pomegranate fruits were randomly selected to evaluate the number of the damaged fruits in the each orchard. The Medfly were found in two of the pomegranate orchards in 2012, while they were not found in the other two of them. The Medfly were found in all pomegranate orchards where the study was conducted in 2013. The population densities of the Medfly in both years were significantly different in each of the sampled pomegranate orchards. A total of 168 Medfly adults were caught by pheromone traps during the sampling period of 2012. The highest number of the Medfly adults caught by the pheromone traps was on 26 October, following on 09-23 November and 15 September, respectively. The numbers of adults were caught by pheromone traps showed significant differences compared to the months sampled, and the highest number of the medfly caught by pheromene traps was 45.8 % in November, following 23.8 % in September, 20.8 % in October, 8.3 % in August and 1.19 % in December, respectively. A total of 274 Medfly adults were caught by pheromone traps during the sampling period of 2013. The highest number of the Medfly adults caught by the pheromone traps was on 10 November, following on 3 November and 13 October, respectively. The numbers of adults were caught by pheromone traps showed significant differences compared to the months sampled, and the highest number of the medfly caught by pheromene traps 35.4 % in November, following 32.85 % in September, 28.83 % in October and 2.92 % in August, respectively. The damage rates of Medfly observed were significantly different in each of the sampled orchards. In 2012, the highest damage rates of medfly were observed at Garden II with 7.33 %, following Garden I with 5.66 % , respectively. In 2013, the highest damage rates of medfly were observed at Garden I with 10.33 % , following at Garden IV with 10 %, Garden III with 6.66 %, and Garden II with 5.66 %, respectively.
Mediterranean fruit fly (Medfly), Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae), is one of the important pests of pomegranate in Turkey. The studies were conducted in 2012-2013 to evaluate distribution, population density and damage rates of Medfly at pomegranate orchards in Osmaniye province. The study was carried out using the Econex yellow traps and pheromones (% 95 trimedlure (t-butyl 4 (or 5)chloro-2-methylcyclohexanecarboxylate) and DDVP at four different pomegranate orchards in the first year (11 August to 21 December 2012), and at four different pomegranate orchards in the second year (11 August to 30 November 2013) all of which were 'Hicaz' variety. The pheromone traps were weekly checked and captured Medfly adults were counted and then cleaned. Pheromones in the yellow traps were replaced with the new ones in every 90 days. During the harvest time, except from the pheromone trap hanging tree, 300 pomegranate fruits were randomly selected to evaluate the number of the damaged fruits in the each orchard. The Medfly were found in two of the pomegranate orchards in 2012, while they were not found in the other two of them. The Medfly were found in all pomegranate orchards where the study was conducted in 2013. The population densities of the Medfly in both years were significantly different in each of the sampled pomegranate orchards. A total of 168 Medfly adults were caught by pheromone traps during the sampling period of 2012. The highest number of the Medfly adults caught by the pheromone traps was on 26 October, following on 09-23 November and 15 September, respectively. The numbers of adults were caught by pheromone traps showed significant differences compared to the months sampled, and the highest number of the medfly caught by pheromene traps was 45.8 % in November, following 23.8 % in September, 20.8 % in October, 8.3 % in August and 1.19 % in December, respectively. A total of 274 Medfly adults were caught by pheromone traps during the sampling period of 2013. The highest number of the Medfly adults caught by the pheromone traps was on 10 November, following on 3 November and 13 October, respectively. The numbers of adults were caught by pheromone traps showed significant differences compared to the months sampled, and the highest number of the medfly caught by pheromene traps 35.4 % in November, following 32.85 % in September, 28.83 % in October and 2.92 % in August, respectively. The damage rates of Medfly observed were significantly different in each of the sampled orchards. In 2012, the highest damage rates of medfly were observed at Garden II with 7.33 %, following Garden I with 5.66 % , respectively. In 2013, the highest damage rates of medfly were observed at Garden I with 10.33 % , following at Garden IV with 10 %, Garden III with 6.66 %, and Garden II with 5.66 %, respectively.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ziraat, Agriculture
