Periodontal hastalık ve alzheimer hastalığı ilişkisinde inflamatuvar ve oksidatif parametrelerin rolü
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Tarih
2022
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Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Giriş ve Amaç: Alzheimer hastalığı (AH), dünya çapında yaşlanan popülasyonda oldukça yaygın olarak görülmektedir. Periodontal hastalık ve AH arasındaki ilişkiyi ortaya koyan çalışmalarda periodontitisin AH gelişim riskini arttırabileceği ve bilişsel gerileme/azalma ile ilişkili olabileceği belirtilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, periodontal hastalık ve AH arasındaki ilişkide periodontal inflame yüzey alanı (PİYA) ile serum/salya interlökin (IL)-1β, total oksidan seviye (TOS) ve total antioksidan seviye (TAS)'ı değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya 26 AH ve 51 bilişsel olarak sağlıklı (BS) toplamda 77 birey dahil edildi. Bireyler periodontal durumlarına göre periodontitis (P) ve periodontitis olmayan (PO) şeklinde 2 alt gruba ayrıldı. Sosyodemografik bilgiler anket yardımıyla kaydedildi. AH grubuna bilişsel durumlarını değerlendirmek için mini-mental durum testi (MMDT) uygulandı. Katılımcıların klinik periodontal parametreleri [plak indeksi (Pİ), gingival indeks (Gİ), sondalamada kanama yüzdesi (SK%), periodontal cep derinliği (PCD) ve klinik ataçman seviyesi (KAS)] ölçüldü ve PİYA hesaplandı. Hastalardan biyokimyasal analiz için kan ve salya örnekleri alındı. Serum/salya TOS, TAS ve IL-1β seviyeleri ELISA yöntemiyle analiz edildi. ApoE allel frekansları PCR yöntemi ile belirlendi. Bulgular: Yaş AH'de BS'ye kıyasla daha yüksek iken eğitim seviyesi, diş fırçalama, ara fırça kullanımı ve diş hekimine gitme sıklığı daha düşüktü (P<0,05). PO-AH'de PO-BS'ye kıyasla KAS hariç tüm periodontal parametreler daha yüksek iken diş sayısının daha düşük olduğu belirlendi (P<0,05). P-AH'de P-BS'ye göre Pİ, Gİ, SK% ve PİYA'nın arttığı saptandı (P<0,05). AH grubunda BS grubuna kıyasla heterozigot ApoE Ɛ4 alleli taşıma durumu daha yüksekti (P>0,05). P-AH'de PO-AH'ye göre MMDT skoru daha düşük tespit edildi (P>0,05). Biyokimyasal parametreler kıyaslandığında PO-AH'de PO-BS'ye kıyasla salya/serum TOS ve salya IL-1β daha yüksekti (P<0,05). P-AH'de P-BS'ye kıyasla serum TOS ve salya IL-1β daha yüksekti (P<0,05). P-AH'de PO-AH'ye göre salya TOS ve IL-1β daha yüksek, serum TAS seviyesi daha düşük bulundu (P<0,05). Sonuç: Periodontal hastalık ve AH arasındaki ilişkide PİYA ile birlikte salya IL-1β, serum TOS ve TAS'ın belirteç olarak kullanılabileceği düşünülmektedir. Anahtar Kelimerler: Periodontal hastalık, Alzheimer hastalığı, İnflamasyon, Oksidatif Stres, Periodontal inflame yüzey alanı
Introduction and Aim: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is very common in the aging population worldwide. In studies revealing the relationship between periodontal disease and AD, it is stated that periodontitis may increase the risk of developing AD and may be associated with cognitive decline/decrease. The aim of this study was to evaluate periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) and serum/saliva interleukin (IL)-1β, total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS) in the relationship between periodontal disease and AD. Material and Methods: A total of 77 individuals with 26 AD and 51 cognitively normal (CN) were included in this study. Individuals were divided into 2 subgroups according to their periodontal status as non-periodontitis (nP) and periodontitis (P). Sociodemographics were recorded with the help of a questionnaire. Mini-mental state exam (MMSE) was applied to the AD group to evaluate their cognitive status. Clinical periodontal parameters [plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP), periodontal pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment level (CAL)] of the participants were measured and PISA was calculated. Blood and saliva samples were taken from the patients for biochemical analysis. Serum/saliva TOS, TAS and IL-1β levels were analyzed by ELISA. ApoE allele frequencies were determined by PCR. Results: While age was higher in AD compared to CN, education level, tooth brushing, use of intermediate brushes and frequency of going to the dentist were lower (P<0,05). While the number of teeth was lower, all periodontal parameters except CAL were higher in nP-AD compared to nP-CN (P<0,05). It was determined that PI, GI, BOP and PISA were increased in P-AD compared to P-CN (P<0,05). ApoE Ɛ4 allele was higher in the AD group compared to the CN group (P>0,05). MMSE score was found to be lower in P-AD compared to nP-AD (P>0,05). When biochemical parameters were compared, saliva/serum TOS and salivary IL-1β were higher in nP-AD compared to nP-CN (P<0,05). Serum TOS and salivary IL-1β were higher in P-AD compared to P-CN (P<0,05). In P-AD, salivary TOS and IL-1β were higher and serum TAS levels were lower than nP-AD (P<0,05). It was determined that GI, BOP, PISA, salivary IL-1β and TOS more increased, while serum TAS more decreased in P-AD coexistence compared to other groups (P<0,05). Conclusion: It is thought that PISA, salivary IL-1β, serum TOS and TAS can be used as markers in the relationship between periodontal disease and AD.
Introduction and Aim: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is very common in the aging population worldwide. In studies revealing the relationship between periodontal disease and AD, it is stated that periodontitis may increase the risk of developing AD and may be associated with cognitive decline/decrease. The aim of this study was to evaluate periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) and serum/saliva interleukin (IL)-1β, total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS) in the relationship between periodontal disease and AD. Material and Methods: A total of 77 individuals with 26 AD and 51 cognitively normal (CN) were included in this study. Individuals were divided into 2 subgroups according to their periodontal status as non-periodontitis (nP) and periodontitis (P). Sociodemographics were recorded with the help of a questionnaire. Mini-mental state exam (MMSE) was applied to the AD group to evaluate their cognitive status. Clinical periodontal parameters [plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP), periodontal pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment level (CAL)] of the participants were measured and PISA was calculated. Blood and saliva samples were taken from the patients for biochemical analysis. Serum/saliva TOS, TAS and IL-1β levels were analyzed by ELISA. ApoE allele frequencies were determined by PCR. Results: While age was higher in AD compared to CN, education level, tooth brushing, use of intermediate brushes and frequency of going to the dentist were lower (P<0,05). While the number of teeth was lower, all periodontal parameters except CAL were higher in nP-AD compared to nP-CN (P<0,05). It was determined that PI, GI, BOP and PISA were increased in P-AD compared to P-CN (P<0,05). ApoE Ɛ4 allele was higher in the AD group compared to the CN group (P>0,05). MMSE score was found to be lower in P-AD compared to nP-AD (P>0,05). When biochemical parameters were compared, saliva/serum TOS and salivary IL-1β were higher in nP-AD compared to nP-CN (P<0,05). Serum TOS and salivary IL-1β were higher in P-AD compared to P-CN (P<0,05). In P-AD, salivary TOS and IL-1β were higher and serum TAS levels were lower than nP-AD (P<0,05). It was determined that GI, BOP, PISA, salivary IL-1β and TOS more increased, while serum TAS more decreased in P-AD coexistence compared to other groups (P<0,05). Conclusion: It is thought that PISA, salivary IL-1β, serum TOS and TAS can be used as markers in the relationship between periodontal disease and AD.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Diş Hekimliği, Dentistry, Periodontal disease, Alzheimer's disease, İnflammation, Oxidative stress, Periodontal inflamed surface area
