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Öğe Alternative postharvest treatments to control decay of table grapes during storage(Druckerei Liddy Halm, 2011) Candir, Elif; Kamiloglu, Onder; Ozdemir, Ahmet Erhan; Celebi, Semih; Coskun, Halil; Ars, Mehmet; Alkan, SerpilThe aim of this study is to determine efficacy of some alternative postharvest treatments to sulfur dioxide (SO2) in maintaining quality and reducing fungal decay during cold storage of table grapes. The table grapes cv. Pafi was subjected to the following treatments after harvest: (1) Hot water dips at 24 degrees C, 45 degrees C, 50 degrees C or 55 degrees C for 3 min followed by packaging in perforated polyethylene (PPE) bags; (2) Packaging with ethanol vapor generating sachets of Antimold (R) 30 or Antimold (R) 60 in PPE bags; (3) Packaging with SO2 generating pad in PPE bags; (4) Packaging in PPE bags. Berries were stored at 0 degrees C for 3 months. Antimold (R) 60 sachet was more effective in reducing fungal decay than control and the SO2 generating pad treatment without adverse effect on quality parameters during 3 months of cold storage. Stem browning occurred at slightly higher level in grapes dipped in hot water or packaged with Antimold (R) 30 sachet and might limit their use, despite providing effective control of fungal decay.Öğe Comparison postharvest quality of conventionally and organically grown 'Washington Navel' oranges(Druckerei Liddy Halm, 2013) Candir, Elif; Kamiloglu, Muge; Ustun, Durmus; Kendir, Gulcan TugceThis study aimed to compare postharvest quality of conventionally and organically grown 'Washington Navel' oranges. Oranges from the conventional and certified organic citrus orchards were harvested at commercial maturity and kept at 4 degrees C for 5 months. Changes in weight loss, juice percentage, titratable acidity (TA), total soluble solid (TSS), sugars (fructose, glucose and sucrose), organic acids (citric, malic and ascorbic acid) content and incidence of fungal decay and chilling injury were determined at a month interval during storage. Conventionally grown oranges had lower weight loss and higher juice percentage than organically grown oranges during storage. Rind color (L*, C*, h degrees), TSS, sugar (fructose, glucose and sucrose) and malic acid content were not affected by the production systems at harvest and during storage. In both conventionally and organically grown oranges, rind color become darker (lower L*), more intense (higher C*) and deeper orange color (lower h degrees) while malic acid content remained constant during 5 months of storage. As storage time extended, a significant increase in TSS and sugar content and a decrease TA and citric acid content occurred in fruits from both production system. Compared to conventionally grown oranges, organically grown oranges had lower TA and citric acid, but better taste scores since they attained higher TSS/TA ratio at harvest and during storage. The taste of conventionally and organically grown oranges was rated as an acceptable throughout the storage period. Although there was no significant difference in ascorbic acid content of fruits between two production systems at harvest, lower ascorbic acid content was found in organically grown oranges, compared to conventionally grown oranges during storage. Incidence of fungal decay was low in conventionally and organically grown oranges after 5 months of storage and the production system did not affect the sensitivity to fungal decay. Chilling injury was not observed any of fruits from both production systems throughout storage period.Öğe Effects of aminoethoxyvinylglycine treatment by vacuum infiltration method on postharvest storage and shelf life of tomato fruit(Elsevier, 2017) Candir, Elif; Candir, Altan; Sen, FatihThe aim of this study was to determine effects of postharvest aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) treatment using vacuum infiltration method on retardation of ripening, storage and shelf life of tomato fruit. In the Experiment-1, beefsteak 'Grando F1' tomato fruit was harvested at breaker stage and treated with AVG at six different doses (0, 62.5,125, 250, 500 and 1000 mg L-1) and three different vacuum pressures (0 kPa, -20 kPa and -30 kPa) using vacuum infiltration method and kept at 20 degrees C for 8 d. The AVG treatment of 1000 mg L-1 at -30 kPa reduced ethylene production rate by 45.53%, delayed color changes and extended the number of days reaching to red ripe stage from 6 to 8 d at 20 degrees C and was confirmed as the optimal treatment for the maximum retardation of tomato fruit ripening by response surface methodology. In Experiment-2, untreated and treated breaker 'Grand F1' tomato fruit with 1000 mg L-1 at -30 kPa were kept at 12 degrees C for 0, 5, 10, 15 or 20 d and for 2 d at 20 degrees C after cold storage. AVG treated fruit had lower ethylene production rate, lycopene content, a* and C* values and higher fruit firmness, chlorophyll content, L* and h degrees values, compared to control during storage and shelf life period. For shipping to distant markets, storage and shelf life of untreated fruit were 10 d at 12 degrees C plus 2 d at 20 degrees C while AVG treatment extended storage and shelf life to 20 d at 12 degrees C plus 2 d at 20 degrees C. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Öğe Effects of chitosan coating and modified atmosphere packaging on postharvest quality and bioactive compounds of pomegranate fruit cv. 'Hicaznar'(Elsevier, 2018) Candir, Elif; Ozdemir, Ahmet Erhan; Aksoy, Mehmet CanThe objective of this study is to determine effects of chitosan (CH) coating and modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) on postharvest quality and bioactive compounds of 'Hicaznar' pomegranate fruit. Pomegranates were subjected to CH treatment (0% or 1%) and packaged with or without MAP bags. Following treatments, pomegranates were kept at 6 +/- 0.5 degrees C and 90 +/- 5% relative humidity for 6 months. After 2, 4 or 6 months of storage, fruit were removed from cold storage and kept at 20 degrees C for 7 days to simulate a shelf life period. The untreated fruit was served as a control treatment. CH, MAP and CH + MAP treatments maintained better husk color, titratable acidity (TA) and ascorbic acid (MA) content, compared to control treatment. CH + MAP and MAP treatments significantly reduced weight loss and husk scald. CH coating alone was the most effective treatment to control fungal decay during cold storage and its effect continued during the shelf life period. The arils of CH-coated fruit were deep red and had highest antioxidant activity, total monomeric anthocyanin (TMA) and total phenolic (TP) content. After 6 months of storage plus shelf life period, control and CH coated fruit became unmarketable while MAP and CH + MAP treated fruit were still marketable. The best results were obtained from CH + MAP treatment for controlling husk scald, decay and weight loss of 'Hicaznar' pomegranate fruits with maintaining visual quality and initial red aril color intensity for 6 months of cold storage plus shelf life.Öğe Effects of modified atmosphere packaging and ethanol vapor treatment on the chemical composition of 'Red Globe' table grapes during storage(Elsevier, 2012) Ustun, Durmus; Candir, Elif; Ozdemir, Ahmet Erhan; Kamiloglu, Onder; Soylu, Emine Mine; Dilbaz, RamazanThe sugar, organic acid, and anthocyanin contents and antioxidant capacity of 'Red Globe' table grapes packaged in perforated polyethylene (PPE) or ZOEpac modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) bags, with or without different grades of ethanol vapor-generating sachets (Antimold (R) 30, Antimold (R) 60 or Antimold (R) 80) or an SO2-generating pad, were evaluated during 3 months of storage at 0 degrees C. Fructose, glucose, malic, and tartaric acid contents remained unchanged in grapes packaged in PPE or ZOEpac bags containing an SO2-generating pad throughout storage. In grapes packaged in PPE or ZOEpac bags with or without Antimold (R) sachets, fructose, glucose, and malic acid contents decreased whereas tartaric acid content increased during storage due to a higher incidence of fungal decay as compared to SO2 treatments. Citric acid content decreased in all treatments during storage. Anthocyanin content increased in the first 2 months of storage and then decreased by the end of storage. An Antimold (R) 80 sachet added to ZOEpac bags resulted in higher anthocyanin content, ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) during storage. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Öğe Effects of rootstocks on storage and shelf life of grafted watermelons(Druckerei Liddy Halm, 2016) Ozdemir, Ahmet Erhan; Candir, Elif; Yetisir, Halit; Aras, Veysel; Arslan, Omer; Baltaer, Ozay; Ustun, DurmusWatermelon fruits from non-grafted or grafted 'Crimson Tide' (CT) and 'Crisby' (CR) onto Ferro, RS841, Argentario and Macis rootstocks were compared for their postharvest quality during storage at 7 degrees C for 21 days and additional 7 days at 21 degrees C. Non-grafted and grafted CT and CR fruits did not exhibit chilling injury (CI) symptoms, but the 1-2% of fungal decay occurred after shelf life period following storage. Watermelons grafted on Ferro and RS841 rootstocks had higher flesh firmness thicker rind, lower ripening rating, more intense (higher C*) brighter red (lower h degrees value) color and higher lycopene content after shelf life period following storage, compared to non-grafted fruits. All of the fruit tested by the panelists received high taste scores of >7.9 out of 8.5 at the beginning, but the scores decreased to >6.8 out of 7.7 at the end of shelf life period. Watermelons could successfully be kept for 21 days at 7 degrees C and additional 7 days at 21 degrees C. Watermelons grafted on Ferro and RS841 rootstocks had higher postharvest quality, compared to the non-grafted fruits for both cultivars.Öğe Öğe Impact of Hot Water and Modified Atmosphere Packaging Treatments on the Postharvest Quality of Pomegranate Fruit (Punica granatum cv. 'Hicaznar')(Galenos Publ House, 2021) Ozdemir, Ahmet Erhan; Candir, ElifHot water (HW) and modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) treatments were evaluated to maintain postharvest quality of pomegranate fruit (Punica granatum cv. 'Hicaznar'). Pomegranates were subjected to hot water (HW) treatment (at 50 degrees C for 3 min) and packaged with or without MAP bags. Fruit was then kept at 6 degrees C for 6 months and at 20 degrees C for 7 days after cold storage period. The untreated and unpackaged fruit was served as a control treatment (C). MAP and HW+MAP treatments was more effective in reducing weight loss, fungal decay and husk scald, compared to HW and C treatments. The lightness and red color intensity of husk and aril (higher values of L* and C* and lower values of h degrees) were maintained better in the packaged fruit with MAP ( MAP + HW+MAP treatments). The unpackaged fruit from HW and C treatments became unmarketable while those from MAP and HW+MAP treatments were still marketable after 6 months of cold storage and shelf life period. Although fungal decay incidence was low in HW-treated fruit, relatively high scald incidence and weight loss had adverse effect on overall visual acceptability of HW-treated fruit. Hot water dipped pomegranate fruit cv. 'Hicaznar' (50 degrees C for 3 min) could be kept in MAP bags for 6 months at 6 degrees C and for 7 days 20 degrees C without adverse effect on quality.Öğe Modified atmosphere packaging and ethanol vapor to control decay of 'Red Globe' table grapes during storage(Elsevier Science Bv, 2012) Candir, Elif; Ozdemir, Ahmet Erhan; Kamiloglu, Under; Soylu, Emine Mine; Dilbaz, Ramazan; Ustun, DurmusThe aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of several alternative postharvest treatments to sulfur dioxide (SO(2)) in maintaining quality and reducing fungal decay during cold storage of 'Red Globe' table grapes. Grapes were packaged in perforated polyethylene (PPE) or modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) bags (ZOEpac or Antimicrobial) with or without different grades of ethanol vapor-generating sachets (Antimold (R) 30. Antimold (R) 60 or Antimold (R) 80) or a SO(2)-generating pad, and the grapes were kept at 0 degrees C and 90-95% relative humidity for 4 months. Packaging of grapes with a SO(2) pad in PPE or ZOEpac bags provided better control of fungal decay and stem browning than PPE or ZOEpac bags alone, PPE or ZOEpac bags with Antimold sachets or Antimicrobial bags alone. The PPE bag containing the Antimold (R) 80 sachet was as effective as the SO(2) treatments in reducing the incidence of fungal decay in naturally infected and artificially inoculated grapes for 1 month. Ethanol vapor released by the Antimold sachets enhanced berry color, but caused stem browning depending on ethanol vapor concentrations in the headspace of the bags. The ZOEpac-210 bags alone resulted in significantly lower weight loss and incidence of stem browning, compared to other treatments: however, they did not reduce fungal decay or develop an appreciable level of modified atmosphere. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Öğe Rootstock potential of Turkish Lagenaria siceraria germplasm for watermelon: plant growth, yield and quality(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2012) Karaca, Fatih; Yetisir, Halit; Solmaz, Ilknur; Candir, Elif; Kurt, Sener; Sari, Nebahat; Guler, ZehraThe rootstock potential of 21 bottle gourds (Lagenaria siceraria) collected from the Mediterranean region (Turkey) was investigated for watermelon with regard to plant growth, yield, and fruit quality. The Crimson Tide watermelon cultivar was used as a scion and 2 commercial rootstocks (L. siceraria) were also used for comparison. In greenhouse conditions, the survival rate of grafted plants and the effect of rootstocks on plant growth were determined. The grafted plants were planted under low tunnels in early spring and the effects of the rootstocks on early yield, total yield, and fruit quality were evaluated. The survival rates of the grafted plants varied from 83% to 100%. Survival rates of those with commercial rootstocks and local rootstocks were similar. Plants grafted onto 20-02, 31-09, 31-43, 35-01, and 46-03 were more vigorous than ungrafted control plants. Compared to the control plants, grafted plants had 37% to 80% higher plant dry weight. All of the grafted plants except CT/Macis produced a higher yield than the control plants. The plants grafted onto 6 of the local rootstocks had significantly greater total yields than those grafted onto the commercial rootstocks. Among the local bottle gourd landraces tested, the 01-16, 07-45, 20-06, 31-09, 31-15, and 46-03 were found to be promising genotypes with regard to total yield. Early yield was not significantly affected by rootstock. The quality parameters of the fruits harvested from the grafted and control plants were found to be similar except for a limited number of graft combinations. It was concluded that germplasm from Turkish bottle gourds has a high rootstock potential for watermelon with regard to the investigated parameters.Öğe Rootstocks Affected Postharvest Performance of Grafted 'Crisby' and 'Crimson Tide' Watermelon Cultivars(Ankara Univ, Fac Agr, 2018) Ozdemir, Ahmet Erhan; Candir, Elif; Yetisir, Halit; Aras, Veysel; Arslan, Omer; Baltaer, Ozay; Ustun, DurmusWatermelon fruit from 'Crisby' (CR) and 'Crimson Tide' (CT) grafted onto Ferro, RS841. Argentario and Macis rootstocks and non-grafted CR and CT were compared for their postharvest quality at 7 degrees C for 21 days. Changes in rind thickness, weight loss, fruit flesh firmness, taste, total soluble solids, juice pH, titratable acidity, chilling injury and fungal decay, flesh color values. hallow heart, ripening, citric and malic acid, glucose, fructose, sucrose, total sugar, beta-carotene and lycopene were determined during storage at a weekly interval. Watermelon fruit cv. CT grafted on Ferro, RS841 and Argentario rootstocks had thicker rind, lower ripening score, higher flesh firmness and lycopene content, more intense red color during storage, compared to non-grafted fruit. In comparison to non-grafted fruit, CR fruit grafted on Ferro, RS841 and Argentario rootstocks had thicker rind and higher flesh firmness, but higher lycopene content and C* values with lower ripening scores were observed only in the fruit grafted on Ferro and RS841 rootstocks. Macis and Argentario may lead an over-ripening, softening and less intense flesh color with lower lycopene content for CR and/or CT fruit during storage. Watennelons could successfully be kept for 21 days at 7 degrees C. Watermelons grafted on Ferro and RS841 rootstocks retained better postharvest quality, compared to the non-grafted fruit for both cultivars.Öğe Storage life of non-astringent persimmons grown in the eastern Mediterranean(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2010) Candir, Elif; Ozdemir, Ahmet Erhan; Toplu, Celil; Kaplankiran, Mustafa; Demirkeser, Turan Hakan; Yildiz, ErcanThe storage life of the non-astringent persimmon cultivars 'Fuyu', 'Jiro', 'Amankaki' and 'Hana Fuyu' grown in the eastern Mediterranean region has been studied. Persimmon fruit were harvested at commercial maturity and stored at 0 degrees C and 85-90% relative humidity. Neither chilling injury nor fungal decay were observed in 'Fuyu', 'Jiro' and 'Amankaki' over 150 days or in 'Hana Fuyu' over 120 days. Weight loss exceeded 10% in 'Fuyu' and 'Amankaki' fruit after 150 days and in 'Jiro' after 120 days. During storage, fruit softened and skin colour became darker (lower L* values) and deep orange-red (lower hue angle values) in all cultivars. Total soluble solids (TSS) content and titratable acidity did not change significantly. Results confirm that 'Fuyu' and 'Jiro' can be stored under these conditions for up to 150 days and 'Amankaki' and 'Hana Fuyu' for up to 120 days.Öğe Volatile organic compounds in watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) grafted onto 21 local and two commercial bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) rootstocks(Headley Brothers Ltd, 2014) Guler, Zehra; Candir, Elif; Yetisir, Haut; Karaca, Fatih; Solmaz, IlknurVolatile organic compounds (VOCs) are responsible for flavour development in watermelon (Citrullus lanatus). The objective of this study was to investigate the rootstock effects of 21 local bottle gourd [Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.] accessions collected from the Mediterranean region (Turkey) on the concentrations of VOCs in watermelon over 2 years. The watermelon cultivar 'Crimson Tide' was used as the scion and two commercial bottle gourd rootstocks were also used for comparison. The VOCs in each rootstock-scion combination were analysed using static headspace (SHS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of 24 VOCs were identified in watermelon fruit, including 11 aldehydes, seven alcohols, four ketones, one heterocyclic compound, and one acid. Acetaldehyde (25.9 - 39.5% of the total peak areas), propanal (5.0 - 8.3%), 2-propanone (2.5 - 4.9%), pentanal (2.1 - 3.6%), hexenal (14.5 - 22.6%), (E)-2-hexenal (0.4 - 2.3%), 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one (10.0 - 19.05%), nonanal (1.6 - 4.4%), (Z)-6-nonenal (4.0 - 9.8%), (E)-2-nonenal (0.6 - 2.0%), (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal (2.1 - 3.7%), (Z)-6-nonenol (1.0 - 3.2%), and (E,Z)-3,6-nonadienol (1.0 - 3.7%) were the most abundant VOCs found in all watermelon scions. There was no significant effect (P >= 0.05) of rootstock on the concentrations of acetaldehyde, propanal, pentanal, heptanal, ethanol, 1-pentanol, 2-propanone, 2-pentyl furan, or acetic acid. Propanal, 2-propanone, and acetic acid were identified as VOCs in watermelon for the first time. Hexanal, (Z)-6-nonanal, and 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one concentrations were strongly affected by rootstock. The results showed that the local bottle gourd accessions 07-06 and 31-09, in particular, were the most promising genotypes in terms of producing favourable VOCs. Except for the local bottle gourd accessions 33-35, 01-17, and 07-04, the other 18 gourds accessions had high potential as rootstocks for breeding programmes in watermelon with regard to desirable VOC concentrations. Rootstock 31-09 should be considered for commercial production in terms of improved disease resistance, fruit yield, and fruit quality.
