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Öğe APPLICATION OF NEAR INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY COMBINED WITH MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS FOR SCREENING FOLIAR MAIN ESSENTIAL OIL COMPONENTS IN BAY LAUREL(Soc Brasil Engenharia Agricola, 2022) Celiktas, Nafiz; Kaya, Alpaslan; Turkmen, MusaGround bay laurel leaf samples (10-15 g) were scanned using Fourier-transform nearinfrared (FT-NIR) spectrometer with reflectance mode in the 1000-2500 nm wavelength range. According to the wet chemical analyses, the essential oil content of the samples from different locations varied between 1.77 and 5.30%. The major component of essential oil was 1-8 cineole with a concentration of 43.4-58.1%. The regression coefficients of calibration (R-C(AL))2 and validation (R-VAL(2)) for essential oil and 1-8 cineol content with partial least square regression (PLSR) actualized as 0.96-0.98 and 0.98-0.98, respectively. The prediction accuracy of the final NIRS model was reasonable, with acceptable root mean standard errors of prediction (RMSEP) of 0.18% and 0.45%. According to the residual predictive deviation (RPD) index (3.58 and 8.41), the accuracy of the NIRS models was regarded as the best. The PLSR model differentiated bay laurel genotypes very well on the first principal component (PC1), based on the related properties.Öğe Applied microwave power estimation of black carrot powders using spectroscopy combined with chemometrics(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2022) Keskin, Muharrem; Soysal, Yurtsever; Celiktas, Nafiz; Sekerli, Yunus EmreThe level of applied microwave power is a critical parameter for the quality of the dried product in microwave drying. It is impossible to assess the applied power of the dried product with the naked eye. This work aimed to predict the applied power of black carrot powders using a chromameter and near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy with partial least squares regression. A good correlation was found between applied power, color parameters, and near-infrared reflectance. The near-infrared spectroscopy predicted the applied power with better performance (R-2 = 0.99) and can be utilized to appraise the applied power of black carrot powders with acceptable accuracy.Öğe BREAKING SEED DORMANCY OF SOME ANNUAL MEDICAGO AND TRIFOLIUM SPECIES BY DIFFERENT TREATMENTS(Soc Field Crop Sci, 2009) Can, Ersin; Celiktas, Nafiz; Hatipoglu, Ruestue; Avci, SueleymanThe germination abilities of 14 annual legume species (six Medicago and eight Trifolium) were tested under three dormancy breaking treatments: In the first treatment, mechanical scarification plus sodium hypochlorite (MSS); in the second, chemical scarification with sulphuric acid (CSA); in the third, incubation in water bath at 90 degrees C (IWB) were used for breaking the dormancy. All Medicago species except for Medicago polymorpha showed improvement in germination rates using MSS. The seeds of M. polymorpha showed higher germination rates with CSA or IWB than MSS. For Trifolium species, results indicated that there was a great variability among species with regard to the treatments. Seeds of species showed a broad range of dormancy requirements for germination. The CSA treatment significantly increased the germination rates of Trifolium lappaceum, T scabrum and T strictum. On the other hand, the germination rates of T spumosum, T spadieceum and T angustifolium were significantly improved by MSS. The seeds of T badium showed higher germination rates with IWB than the other applications.Öğe Combining non-destructive devices and multivariate analysis as a tool to quantify the fatty acid profiles of linseed genotypes(Elsevier B.V., 2025) Arslan, Aysel; Aygun, Yusuf Ziya; Turkmen, Musa; Celiktas, Nafiz; Mert, MehmetLinseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) and linseed oil, with a fatty acid profile rich in both macro and micro elements, are recognized as functional foods due to their valuable positive effects on health. Fatty acids composition (FAC) is a key indicator in assessing the quality of linseeds. The FAC of linseed is typically determined using chromatographic methods, yielding highly accurate results. However, chromatographic methods entail drawbacks such as requiring pre-chemical processes, generating chemical waste, and being both expensive and time-consuming, similar to chemical analyses. This study focused on the feasibility of colorimeter and FT-NIRS data to determine the FAC (%), protein (%) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF %) in linseed samples. By employing the PLSR analysis based on FT-NIRS, it was determined that the ratios of stearic (R2val = 0.74, RMSEP = 0.09 %), oleic (R2val = 0.75, RMSEP = 0.26 %), linoleic (R2val = 0.85, RMSEP = 0.58 %), linolenic (R2val = 0.71, RMSEP = 1.07 %), 8,11,14 eicosatrienoic (R2val = 0.77, RMSEP = 0.02 %), margaric (R2val = 0.71, RMSEP = 0.01 %), myristic (R2val = 0.75, RMSEP = 0.02 %), and behenic (R2val = 0.74, RMSEP = 1.12 %) in linseed could be successfully predicted. Furthermore, results demonstrated that the protein (R2val = 0.87, RMSEP = 0.9 %) and NDF (R2val = 0.90, RMSEP = 0.6 %) content in linseeds can be successfully predicted. PLSR has demonstrated that FT-NIRS has relatively higher predictive capability compared to color models. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.Öğe Comparison between a wild population and cultivar of common vetch (Vicia sativa L., Fabaceae) on cytological and agronomic characteristics(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2006) Celiktas, Nafiz; Can, Ersin; Hatipoglu, Rustu; Avci, SuleymanThe aim of this study was to compare a wild population of common vetch (Vicia saliva L.) collected from the Serinyol district of Antakya in the east Mediterranean coastal region of Turkey with a cultivar of common vetch (V saliva 'Anadolu'), on somatic chromosome number and important agronomic attributes. Somatic chromosome counts from material collected from the wild population of Vicia saliva L. were consistently 2n = 10, while the cultivar had 2n = 12. There were no significant differences between wild and cultivated cytotypes in plant height, seed number or pod number, although the wild cytotype had significantly more branches, smaller seeds, higher hardseededness and lower germination rates.Öğe THE EFFECTS OF CUTTING INTERVALS AND SEEDING RATES ON FORAGE YIELD AND QUALITY OF ALFALFA(Soc Field Crop Sci, 2019) Atis, Ibrahim; Celiktas, Nafiz; Can, Ersin; Yilmaz, SabanUnderstanding the effects of seeding rate and cutting intervals on dry matter yield and nutritive value may help to optimize of alfalfa production. The objective of this study was to investigate the optimum cutting interval and seeding rate of two cultivars of alfalfa (cv. Alsancak and cv. Nimet). Field experiments were carried out for 3 years in Mediterranean ecological conditions. The treatments were comprised of three cutting programs at 20, 30 and 40 days interval and two seeding rates (15 and 30 kg ha(-1)). The experiment was designed a split-split plot in a randomized complete block with 3 repetitions. The main plots were cutting intervals, sub-plots were seeding rates and sub -subplots were assigned as alfalfa cultivars. The results of the research showed that all properties inspected were significantly affected from the cutting intervals, the effect of the seeding rate and the cultivars were found to be not significant (except fresh forage yield). While the extended cutting intervals increased the forage yield, it reduced the forage quality. In terms of satisfactory forage yield and quality for similar ecological conditions, 30 days cutting interval and 15 kg ha(-1) seeding rate have been advisable.Öğe Effects of genotype and 2,4,5-T concentrations on callus induction, shoot formation and plant regeneration from young inflorescences in orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.)(Wfl Publ, 2013) Atis, Ibrahim; Can, Ersin; Celiktas, Nafiz; Hatipoglu, RustuThis study was carried out to determine the effects of MS medium supplemented with 2, 4, 6 and 8 mg l(-1) of 2,4,5-T (2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid) on young inflorescences of five ecotypes of orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.). The results showed that there was a significant interaction between ecotypes and 2,4,5-T concentrations in all characteristics studied. Depending on the ecotypes, rate of callus induction (%), rate of shoot formation (%), callus weight (mg/per Petri dish) and number of regenerates per inflorescence segment varied and ranged 6.3-37.5%, 7.8-51.6%, 13.1-115.4 mg and 0.3-1.1, respectively. Rates of callus induction and shoot formation as well as callus weight were also significantly influenced by the 2,4,5-T concentrations. The explants cultured on MS medium containing 4 mg(-1) of 2,4,5-T showed highest callus induction rate of 53.8 % with callus weight of 170.4 mg/Petri dish and 1.6 shoots per explant. It was concluded that best regeneration from young inflorescence explant of orchardgrass (D. glomerata) could be obtained on MS medium containing 4 mg l(-1) of 2,4,5-T and the developed protocol will help in easy multiplication of orchard grass in future breeding studies.Öğe Feasibility of a chromameter and chemometric techniques to discriminate pure and mixed organic and conventional red pepper powders: A pilot study(Wiley, 2022) Keskin, Muharrem; Arslan, Aysel; Soysal, Yurtsever; Sekerli, Yunus Emre; Celiktas, NafizFood adulteration is a major problem causing significant economic and health risks for consumers. Non-destructive, quick, and inexpensive methods are needed for food authentication. No study has been found on the adulteration of organic pepper powders. This study examined the feasibility of a chromameter to discriminate pure and adulterated (mixed) organic red pepper powders obtained from intermittent microwave drying for the first time. PCA, SIMCA, and PLSR were used for the data analysis. The PCA exhibited a very good distinction based on product type (organic and conventional) and drying powers (150, 300, and 450 W), while the SIMCA effectively classified the samples as organic or conventional with a correct classification ratio of 94%. Also, the adulteration rate (%) of the organic pepper powders was predicted using PLSR with promising results (R-2 = 0.90). To summarize, the chromameter has a good potential to classify the red pepper powders as organic or conventional. Novelty Impact Statement Food adulteration has become a major problem on a global scale but no study has been conducted on the adulteration of organic pepper powders to the best knowledge of the authors. This work investigated the feasibility of a chromameter and chemometric techniques for the discrimination of organic red pepper powders from the ones adulterated with the same type of conventional pepper powders. The results revealed that a chromameter has a promising potential to classify the red pepper powders as organic or conventional.Öğe IDENTIFICATION OF SSR AND EST MARKERS ASSOCIATED WITH WATERLOGGING TOLERANCE IN BREAD WHEAT(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2015) Atak, Mehmet; Ilhan, Emre; Erayman, Mustafa; Dilbirligi, Muharrem; Eren, Abdil Hakan; Arslan, Mehmet; Celiktas, NafizCrop production is significantly limited by waterlogging especially in high rainfall and poorly drained regions in the world. Hence, breeding for waterlogging tolerance to increase production is one of the main objectives of breeders. Similar to other abiotic stress tolerances, the tolerance to waterlogging is a complex trait and difficult to select for in breeding programs. Marker assisted selection has been an effective method for crop improvement by utilizing markers closely related to target traits combined with accurate phenotyping of key factors. In the present study, two bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) F-2:3 populations ('Dogankent' x 'Ducula-4' and 'Ducula-1' x 'Seri-82') derived from susceptible cultivars ('Dogankent' and 'Seri-82') and tolerant ('Ducula-1' and 'Ducula-4') lines were treated with four weeks of waterlogging and screened in two different locations. Additionally, 32 expressed sequence tags and 210 microsatellite markers were screened for analysis of marker trait associations; of which less than %20 (45) of those markers were polymorphic between parents of both populations. Tolerance, yield and quality related traits including plant height index, tillering index, adventitious root formation, heading date, tolerance scoring index, total kernel number and thousand kernel weight were identified to be mostly affected by environment. Marker - trait analyses identified markers significantly associated with waterlogging tolerance as well as yield and quality component traits. In the 'Dogankent' x `Ducula-4' derived population, two markers explaining more than 10% of the total variance for adventitious root formation and thousand kernel weight were detected both on chromosomes 3DL (Xgwm645) and 4AL (Xgwm160). This is one of the first studies revealing markers linked to the tolerance related traits in spring wheat under waterlogging conditions.Öğe PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING OF AMARANTH HERBAGE AND THEIR IMPRESSION ON THE ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY WITH AN ASSESSMENT OF FEEDING QUALITY(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2021) Celiktas, Nafiz; Can, Ersin; Atis, Ibrahim; Durak, DeryaMultivariate relations of minerals, fatty acid profile, phenolic compounds and the antioxidant activity of Amaranthus species were studied in herbage, considering the livestock feed quality. Most of the mineral content of amaranth species detected as enough to satisfy the daily maintenance of any livestock. The Calf) ratio (4.5-11.0) of the hay was considerably high because of lower P accumulation. It was classified as Zn-poor in terms of the daily requirement of livestock but was so rich in respect of Cu and Fe. The unsaturation of the methyl esterified fat, which is predominantly linoleic acid (42.947.8 %), varied between 73.3-77.8 % depending on the species. The highest radical scavenging ability (4.58 mM Trolox kg(-1) DW as DPPH assay) was detected for the herbage of A. cruentus Zimbabwe. Protocatechuic acid predominant total phenolic compounds varied between 54.51-254.68 mg g(-1). Principal component analyses (PCA) between DPPH and the phytochemical compounds has classified the species with representing the total variation of 63.25% with the first two PC. According to partial least square regression (PLSR) the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), chlorogenic acid, Mg and. Zn are the major contributors of DPPH.Öğe Rapid and cost-effective assessment of nutrients in pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) leaves through Fourier transform near-infrared spectroscopy (FT-NIRS)(Wiley-V C H Verlag Gmbh, 2024) Sekerli, Yunus Emre; Buyuk, Gokhan; Keskin, Muharrem; Celiktas, NafizBackground: Pistachio nuts provide many health benefits in human diet. Nutrient levels in plant leaves and fertilizer schedules are determined based on traditional soil and leaf chemical analyses. However, these methods require additional labor, time, and cost, which is why most farmers do not prefer them and cannot detect nutrient deficiencies in time. Fast, easy-to-use and low-cost nutrient level assessment techniques are needed. AimThis study aims to explore the viability of near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) as a fast, user friendly, and cost effective technique for evluating the major macro- and micronutrient contents of dried and ground pistachio leaf sample. Methods: The feasibility of NIRS for estimating nutrient contents was investigated by analyzing samples from 200 pistachio trees. Dried and ground pistachio leaves were subjected to NIRS analysis. PLSR (Partial least square regression) analyses were performed to develop nutrient content prediction models using spectral information of samples. Results: It was found that the NIRS system had a very good potential to estimate the K, Ca, Cu, and Mg contents of the leaf samples (R-2 > 0.80). It was also found that Fe and Mn concentrations could also be estimated with good accuracy (R-2 = 0.70-0.80). However, the NIRS system did not give good results for the prediction of N, P, and Zn (R-2 < 0.40). Conclusion: In conclusion, the NIRS system can be used to quickly, easily, and economically assess the K, Ca, Cu, Mg, Fe, and Mn contents of dried and ground pistachio leaves. This technique has the potential to improve nutrient management practices in pistachio farming within a sustainable and environmentally conscious framework. Fourier transform NIRS (FT-NIRS) can provide valuable insights by complementing rather than replacing traditional chemical analysis. Laboratory analysis is still required for definitive nutrient content information, but FT-NIRS can significantly reduce the reliance on such analysis, thereby mitigating the environmental impact caused by the excessive use of chemical fertilizers and minimizing the health risks to laboratory staff. In addition, the rapid information-gathering capabilities of the FT-NIRS can be emphasized.Öğe Somatic embryogenesis, callus production, and plantlet growth in sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.)(Rsnz Publishing, 2006) Celiktas, Nafiz; Can, Ersin; Hatipoglu, Rustu; Avci, SuleymanPlant parts (internode segments, young leaves, apical-axillary meristems, petioles and immature inflorescences) isolated from the fresh, full-leaved and juicy sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.) were used as explants in this study. The explants were cultured on B5 medium with 5.4 mu M or 10.7 mu M NAA combined with 0, 0.9, 1.4, or 2.3 mu M of kinetin and 0, 0.9, 1.3, or 2.2 mu M of BAP to determine the effects of explant types and medium compositions on the callus induction and plant regeneration. Somatic embryogenesis and organogenesis, as well as direct shoot regeneration from the explants, were observed depending on the explant types and medium composition. The effect of the phytohormone type and concentration on the callus induction rate was under explant dependency. The highest frequency of shoot regeneration was achieved from apical-axillary meristems on B5 medium with 10.7 mu MNAA and 2.3 mu M kinetin.
