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Öğe Beneficial effect of erdosteine on methotrexate-induced testicular toxicity in mice(Sage Publications Inc, 2010) Oktar, Sueleyman; Gokce, Ahmet; Aydin, Mehmet; Davarci, Muersel; Meydan, Sedat; Ozturk, Oktay Hasan; Koc, AhmetMethotrexate is used to treat certain types of cancer of the breast, skin, head and neck, or lung. Methotrexate can cause serious or life-threatening side effects on liver, lungs, kidneys, and immune system. Methotrexate chemotherapy causes testicular damage in humans. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible protective role of erdosteine on testicular toxicity of methotrexate in mice. Twenty-six male mice were divided into four groups as follows: group 1, control; group 2, erdosteine-treated; group 3, methotrexate-treated; and group 4, methotrexate + erdosteine treated. On the first day of experiment, a single dose of methotrexate was intraperitoneally administered to groups 3 and 4, although a daily single dose of erdosteine was orally administered to group 2 and 4 for 7 days. At the end of the experiment, the testes of the animals were removed and weighed. The levels of total antioxidant capacity and total oxidative stress, and myeloperoxidase activity in the methotrexate group were higher than the control group (p<0.05). Lipid peroxidation levels were not changed in methotrexate group compared with control group. In conclusion, erdosteine could effectively protect the testes in methotrexate-induced toxicity.Öğe Effect of black cumin (Nigella sativa) on heart rate, some hematological values, and pancreatic ?-cell damage in cadmium-treated rats(Humana Press Inc, 2006) Demir, Halit; Kanter, Mehmet; Coskun, Omer; Uz, Yesim Hulya; Koc, Ahmet; Yildiz, AbdulmelikThis study was designed to investigate the effect of Nigella saliva (NS) on the heart rate, some hematological values, and pancreatic beta-cell damage in cadmium (Cd)-treated rats. The rats were randomly grouped into one of three experimental groups: Control, Cd treated, and Cd + NS treated. Each group contained 10 animals. The Cd-treated and Cd + NS-treated groups were injected subcutaneously daily with CdCl2 dissolved in isotonic NaCl in the amount of 2 mL/kg for 30 d, resulting in a dosage of 0.49 mg Cd/kg/d. The control group was injected with only isotonic NaCl (2 mL/kg/d) throughout the experiment (for 30 d). Three days prior to administration of CdCl2, the Cd + NS-treated group received the daily intraperitoneal (ip) injection of 2 mL/kg NS until the end of the study; animals in all three groups were fasted for 12 h and blood samples were taken for the determination of the glucose and insulin levels, red blood cell (RBC) and white blood cell (WBC) counts, packet cell volume (PCV), and hemoglobin (Hb) concentration. The heart rates of rats were also measured by a direct writing electrocardiograph before the blood withdrawals. It was found that NS treatment increased the lowered insulin levels, RBC and WBC counts, PCV, and neutrophil percentage in Cd-treated rats. However, the WBC count of Cd-treated rats with NS treatment was still lower than those of control values. NS treatment also decreased the elevated heart rate and glucose concentration of Cd-treated rats. Pancreatic tissues were also harvested from the sacrificed animals for morphological and immunohistochemical examinations. Cd exposure alone caused a degeneration, necrosis, and weak degranulation in the beta-cells of the pancreatic islets. In Cd + NS-treated rats, increased staining of insulin and preservation of islet cells were apparent. It is concluded that NS treatment might decrease the Cd-treated disturbances on heart rate, some hematological values, and pancreatic beta-cell.Öğe Effects of a Single Application of Extractum Cepae on the Peritendinous Adhesion An Experimental Study in Rabbits(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2010) Dogramaci, Yunus; Kalacı, Aydıner; Atik, Esin; Esen, Erdinc; Altug, Muhammet Enes; Onel, Ercument; Koc, AhmetPeritendinous adhesion is an important cause of poor functional outcome after flexor tendon repair. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of a single intraoperative application of extractum cepae, an extract of dietary onion, on the peritendinous adhesion, using a rabbit model of flexor tendon injury. The first, second, and third digits of the right hind paw of 18 rabbits were used for tendon operations. A standard partial division of the synovial sheath and flexor tendon was done at zone II to stimulate the adhesion formation. In the treatment group (n = 9 rabbits, 27 tendons), the flexor tendon sheath was treated with 50 mg/mL of extractum cepae which was applied locally and allowed to infiltrate for 5 minutes, the skin was sutured without suturing the sheath and the tendons. The same operation was done for the control group (n = 9 rabbits, 27 tendons) and 1 mL of normal saline solution was applied locally. Biomechanical and histologic evaluations of the specimens were done after 3 weeks. Tendons from the first toes were used for biomechanical studies. The second and third toe tendons were used for histopathologic evaluation. We have compared the peritendinous adhesions and the ultimate forces in the control and treated tendons. There were no statistically significant differences between the 2 groups with respect to the ultimate loads. Adhesion formation was absent in 1 tendon (5.5%), slight in 8 (44.4%), moderate in 6 (33.3), and severe in 3 tendons (16.7%) in the extractum cepae treated group (n = 18); while in the control group (n = 18), it was absent in 1 tendon (5.5%), slight in 1 tendon (5.5%), moderate in 3 (16.6%), and severe in 13 (72.4%) tendons. There was a significant reduction (P = 0.01) in the peritendinous adhesion in the treated group comparing to the control group. The problem of adhesion formation may be minimized using a single intraoperative application of extractum cepae.Öğe Effects of Bovine Amniotic Fluid on Acute Corneal Alkali Burns in the Rat(Medwell Online, 2009) Gonenci, Ramazan; Altug, Muhammed Enes; Koc, Ahmet; Yalcin, AlperBovine Amniotic Fluid (BAF) was topically applied for treatment group, whereas isotonic saline solution was applied for saline group in the study after an alkali burn was created in the right eye of 16 rats with 2.5 N NaOH. Density and area of the corneal opacity, area of the corneal epithelial defect, corneal neovascularization and complications were clinically evaluated and scored using a modified model at post-injury days 0, 3, 7 and 14. At the end of the experiment, all the eyes were histologically examined after enucleation. It was resultantly found that BAF has slightly decreased corneal opacification, increased reepithelization and limited neovascularization, hyphema and total corneal erosions. But these clinical ocular damage scores were not statistically significant. In histological examination, the number of polymorphonuclear leucocytes, corneal thicknesses, edema, keratinization, vascularization and inflammation were significantly reduced by BAF compared to the saline group. Based on these positive effects in severe burns, it was concluded that BAF could be a new topical alternative agent for veterinary ophthalmology thereafter.Öğe Effects of Erdosteine on Acetaminophen-induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats(Sage Publications Inc, 2008) Kuvandik, Guven; Duru, Mehmet; Nacar, Ahmet; Yonden, Zafer; Helvaci, Rami; Koc, Ahmet; Kozlu, TolunayWe investigated the effects of erdosteine on acetaminophen (APAP)-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), AST (aspartate aminotransferase), and ALT (alanine transaminase) activities, and malonyldialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide levels as oxidant/antioxidant biochemical parameters were investigated with light microscopic evaluation in adult female Wistar Albino rats. APAP administration produced a decrease in hepatic SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px activities, and coadministration of erdosteine (150 and 300 mg/kg) resulted in increases in the activities. MDA and NO levels increased in the APAP group, and erdosteine treatments prevented these increases. Significant elevations in serum AST and ALT levels were observed in the APAP group, and when erdosteine and APAP were coadministered, their serum levels were close to those in the control group. Light microscopic evaluation of livers showed that there were remarkable centrilobular (zone III) hepatic necrosis and mild to moderate sinusoidal congestion in the APAP group, whereas in the erdosteine group, cellular necrosis was minimal and the hepatocytes maintained a better morphology when compared to the APAP group. Erdosteine prevented APAP-induced liver injury and toxic side effects probably through the antioxidant and radical scavenging effects of erdosteine.Öğe Effects of the Bovine Amniotic Membrane on Corneal Healing with Acute Alkali Burns in Rabbits(Medwell Online, 2009) Gonenci, Ramazan; Altug, Muhammed Enes; Koc, Ahmet; Oksuz, Huseyin; Yuksel, HayatiThe Bovine Amniotic Membrane (BAM) was transplanted on the right comea of 8 adult rabbits after an alkali burn was created with 2.5 N NaOH. Density and area of the corneal opacity, area of the corneal epithelial defect, vascularization and complications were clinically evaluated. Left corneas of the same animals were used as active control group. At the end of the experiment, all the eyes were extirpated and histologically examined on light microscopy. BAM has decreased density and area of the corneal opacity and increased reepithelialisation, but promoted episcleral vasodilatation more prominently in clinical examination. Histologically; the distrubition of Polymorphonuclear (PMN) leucocytes, corneal thicknesses, edema, keratinization, neovascularization and inflammation were significantly reduced by BAM compared to active control group. BAM was highly found to be effective to restore the corneal surface with acute alkali burns in the rabbit.Öğe Effects of the bovine aniniotic membrane on comeal healing with acute alkali burns hi rabbits(2009) Gonenci, Ramazan; Altug, Muhammed Enes; Koc, Ahmet; Oksuz, Huseyin; Yuksel, HayatiThe Bovine Ammotic Membrane (BAM) was transplanted on the right cornea of 8 adult rabbits after an alkali burn was created with 2.5 N NaOH. Density and area of the corneal opacity, area of the corneal epithelial defect, vascularization and complications were clinically evaluated. Left corneas of the same animals were used as active control group. At the end of the experiment, all the eyes were extirpated and histologically examined on light microscopy. BAM has decreased density and area of the corneal opacity and increased reepithelialisation, but promoted episcleral vasodilatation more prominently in clinical examination. Histologically; the distrubition of Polymorphonuclear (PMN) leucocytes, corneal thicknesses, edema, keratinization, neovascularization and inflammation were significantly reduced by BAM compared to active control group. BAM was highly found to be effective to restore the corneal surface with acute alkali burns in the rabbit. © Medwell Journals, 2009.Öğe IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION OF ENDOMETRIAL LEUKOCYTES IN IMPLANTATION PERIOD IN RATS WITH STREPTOZOTOSIN-INDUCED DIABETES(Vesalius Univ Medical Publ, 2016) Nacar, Emel; Bozkurt, Yesim Akaydin; Koc, Ahmet; Nacar, AhmetOur first aim was to determine the total leukocyte profile in implantation. Second aim was to detect the changes in uterine leukocyte profile in diabetes, a common accompanying disease. For this purpose 4 groups are formed with Wistar albino rats weighing 250-300 g. Two of the groups were non-diabetic and two of them were diabetic. One of the diabetic and one of the non-diabetic groups were left pregnant. Then uterus tissues of pregnant animals were removed in the 5th and 7th days of pregnancy together with tissues of other two non-pregnant groups. Tissues were analyzed immunohistochemically with antibodies CD45, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD56, CD68 and CD79a. It was revealed that pregnancy increased immune staining of CD68, CD3, CD45 and CD56 in endometrium. In addition it was observed that immune staining density of CD68, CD45 and CD56 decreased in diabetes. In the histopathological examination, significant degeneration was detected in the endometrium of diabetic rats. Diabetes could decrease leukocyte proportions in decidua in early pregnancy periods. Therefore immune cell therapies could be administrated in diabetes related problems of pregnancy.Öğe Inhibitory effects of Aspirin on Azaserine initiated pancreatic carcinogenesis in rat(Indian Veterinary Journal, 2008) Yildiz, Hasan; Koc, Ahmet; Oztas, Haydar; Yildiz, DenizIn vitro experiments and limited animal studies suggest that aspirin, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory, drug may inhibit pancreatic carcinogenesis. So far researchers have evaluated the biochemical and metabolic properties of aspirin but there has not been any experimental study performed on the anticarcinogenesis effect of aspirin on the well-known azaserine-rat model for pancreatic carcinogenesis. This study was designed to evaluate the potential anticarcinogenetic effect of aspirin.Öğe The protective effect of erythropoietin and dimethylsulfoxide on ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat ovary(Elsevier Science Bv, 2010) Ergun, Yasar; Koc, Ahmet; Dolapcioglu, Kenan; Akaydin, Yesim; Dogruer, Gokhan; Kontas, Tunay; Kozlu, TolunayObjectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of erythropoietin and dimethylsulfoxide in the recovery from ischemia-reperfusion injury in an experimental rat adnexal torsion model. Study design: Thirty-six Wistar-albino rats were divided into six groups. Except for the sham operation group, all groups were subjected to left unilateral adnexal torsion for 3 h. Erythropoietin and dimethylsulfoxide were intraperitoneally administered 30 min before the detorsion operation. Malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels were detected from both the plasma and the tissue samples. The sections of the tissues were evaluated histologically. The results were analyzed by a one-way analysis of the variance (ANOVA) followed by the Duncan test for multiple comparisons using computer software, SPSS Version 15.0 for Windows. Results: This study demonstrated that dimethylsulfoxide and erythropoietin pretreatment attenuated ischemia-reperfusion-induced lipid peroxidation, prevented post-ischemic ovarian injury and helped to maintain the ovarian morphology. Malondialdehyde levels of plasma and ovary were higher in the torsion and detorsion groups than the sham group. This showed that ischemia-reperfusion had caused lipid peroxidation of the ovarian tissue, thus leading to oxidative damage. One of the major findings of this study is that malondialdehyde was significantly decreased in the plasma of rats who were pre-treated with dimethylsulfoxide and erythropoietin before detorsion. This suggests that dimethylsulfoxide and erythropoietin might prevent oxidative damage in ovarian ischemia-reperfusion injury. Histological examination confirmed that reperfusion caused more detrimental effects than only ischemia, which could be at least partially prevented by dimethylsulfoxide and erythropoietin administration prior to detorsion. Conclusion: Erythropoietin and dimethylsulfoxide may have beneficial effects in ischemia-reperfusion injury in ovarian torsion. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe The protective effect of N-acetylcysteine against cyclosporine A-induced hepatotoxicity in rats(John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2008) Kaya, Hasan; Koc, Ahmet; Sogut, Sadik; Duru, Mehmet; Yilmaz, H. Ramazan; Uz, Efkan; Durgut, RamazanThe immunosuppressive agent cyclosporine A (CsA) has been reported to exert measurable hepatotoxic effects. One of the causes leading to hepatotoxicity is thought to be reactive oxygen radical formation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) treatment on CsA-induced hepatic damage by both analysing superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) activities with malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels, and using an histological approach. CsA administration produced a decrease in hepatic SOD activity, and co-administration of NAC with CsA resulted in an increase in SOD activity. MDA and NO levels increased in the CsA group and NAC treatment prevented those increases. A significant elevation in serum AST and ALT activities was observed in the CsA group, and when NAC and CsA were co-administered, the activities of AST and ALT were close to the control levels. CsA treatment caused evident morphological alterations. Control rats showed no abnormality in the cytoarchitecture of the hepatic parenchyma. The co-administration of NAC with CsA showed no signs of alteration and the morphological pattern was almost similar to the control group. In conclusion, CsA induced liver injury and NAC treatment prevented the toxic side effects induced by CsA administration through the antioxidant and radical scavenging effects of NAC. Copyright (C) 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Öğe Protective Effect of Thymoquinone in Experimental Testicular Torsion(Karger, 2010) Gokce, Ahmet; Oktar, Suleyman; Koc, Ahmet; Gonenci, Ramazan; Yalcinkaya, Fatih; Yonden, Zafer; Duru, MehmetObjectives: To investigate the protective role of thymoquinone (TQ) on unilateral testicular ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in mice. Materials and Methods: Experiments were performed on male C57BL/6 mice (8 weeks old, 20-25 g). The animals were divided into 3 groups including 6 mice in each group: control (sham), torsion/detorsion (TD) and TD+TQ. Mice, except the sham-operated group, were subjected to left unilateral torsion (720 degrees rotation in the clockwise direction). The experiments were finished after sham operation time for controls, 120 min torsion and 240 min detorsion for the other groups. In the TD+TQ group 10 mg TQ was injected intraperitoneally 30 min before detorsion. Results: In the TD group total oxidative stress (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were higher than in the controls. TQ treatment decreased MDA, TOS and OSI values, but did not affect the total antioxidant capacity and myeloperoxidase activity in the TD+TQ group. Upon histological examination, mice in the TD group displayed moderate-to-severe disruption of the seminiferous epithelium. Treatment with TQ resulted in significantly reduced histological damage associated with I/R injury. Conclusion: Our results suggested that TQ treatment may have a protective effect on testicular I/R injury. Copyright (C) 2010 S. Karger AG, BaselÖğe Protective effects of N-acetylcysteine on cyclosporine-A-induced nephrotoxicity(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2008) Duru, Mehmet; Nacar, Ahmet; Yonden, Zafer; Kuvandik, Gfiven; Helvaci, Mehmet Rami; Koc, Ahmet; Akaydin, YesimObjectives. Cyclosporine A (CsA) is used for the treatment of autoimmune and inflammatory disorders. However, CsA-induced nephrotoxicity remains an important clinical problem, and oxidative stress has been implicated as a possible responsible mechanism. We assessed the protective ability of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), an antioxidant, against CsA-induced nephrotoxicity. Materials and Methods. Wistar albino rats were randomly assigned into four groups. Group I rats were treated with sodium chloride as control, group 2 with CsA, group 3 with CsA and NAC, and group 4 with NAC alone. Animals were sacrificed and blood samples were analyzed for blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (Cr), malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities. Kidney sections were analyzed for MDA and NO levels and SOD and GSH-Px activities, as well as histopathological changes. Results. Overall, the treatment of rats with CsA alone produced significant increases in NO and MDA levels and significant decreases in SOD and GSH-Px activities in serum and renal samples. Morphological changes, including tubular epithelial atrophy, vacuolizations, and cellular desquamations, were clearly observed in the rats treated with CsA alone. Concurrent NAC administration with CsA improved renal function, as indicated by lower BUN and Cr values. Moreover, NAC significantly reduced MAD and NO levels and increased SOD and GSH-Px activities in serum and renal tissue, as well as provided a histologically proven protection against CsA-induced nephrotoxicity. Conclusion. These results indicate that NAC produces a protective mechanism against CsA-induced nephrotoxicity and suggest a role for oxidative stress in pathogenesis.Öğe Protective effects of thymoquinone against methotrexate-induced testicular injury(Sage Publications Ltd, 2011) Gokce, Ahmet; Oktar, Suleyman; Koc, Ahmet; Yonden, ZaferThymoquinone is the major active component derived from Nigella sativa. Methotrexate is a folic acid antagonist widely used in clinic. Aim of this study was to investigate the possible protective role of thymoquinone on testicular toxicity of methotrexate. Experiments were performed on male C57BL/6 mice (6 weeks old, 20 +/- 2 g). The animals were divided into four groups with six mice in each group. Equivalent volumes of saline were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) in the control group. In the thymoquinone group, mice received thymoquinone i.p. with a dose of 10 mg/kg/day for 4 days. Mice in the methotrexate group received single dose of methotrexate i.p., with a dose of 20 mg/kg. Finally, in the methotrexate plus thymoquinone group, in the first and the following 3 days after methotrexate administration, thymoquinone was injected with a dose of 10 mg/kg/day, i.p. At the end of the experiment, the left testis was quickly removed and divided into two parts for histological examination and biochemical analysis. Methotrexate alone increased total antioxidant capacity and myeloperoxidase activity compared to the controls. Thymoquinone treatment decreased total antioxidant capacity and prevented the increase in the myeloperoxidase activity. Light microscopy showed in mice that receiving methotrexate resulted in interstitial space dilatation, edema, severe disruption of the seminiferous epithelium and reduced diameter of the seminiferous tubules. Administration of thymoquinone reversed histological changes of methotrexate significantly. We suggest that thymoquinone use may decrease the destructive effects of methotrexate on testicular tissue of patients using this agent.Öğe Ultrastructural changes in pancreatic acinar cells of fatty acids fed rat(Indian Veterinary Journal, 2008) Oztas, Hayder; Koc, Ahmet; Yildiz, DenizResearchers have shown that oleic acid increases the proliferation of normal and neoplastic mammary cells in vitro, whereas saturated fatty acids (stearic acid and palmitic acid) do not (Kidwell et al., 1982). Administration of diets with an altered fat composition appears to affect the ultra structure of rat pancreatic acinar cells (Gauvreau et al., 1992). The objective of the present study was to investigate the ultra structural changes in pancreatic acinar cells in azaserine initiated and fatty acid fed rats.
