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    F-18 FDG PET/CT imaging in the diagnostic work-up of thyroid cancer patients with high serum thyroglobulin, negative I-131 whole body scan and suppressed thyrotropin: 8-year' experience
    (Verduci Publisher, 2015) Elboga, U.; Karaoglan, H.; Sahin, E.; Kalender, E.; Demir, H. D.; Basibuyuk, M.; Celen, Y. Zeki
    OBJECTIVE: Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography imaging in the follow-up of patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma who have high serum thyroglobulin, negative iodine-131 whole body scan and suppressed thyrotropin. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 90 patients (31 male and 59 female) with differentiated thyroid carcinoma who have high serum thyroglobulin and negative iodine-131 whole body scan were included in the study between July 2006 and March 2014. All patients had undergone surgery (total thyroidectomy +/- lymph node dissection) followed by iodine-131 ablation. Of the patients, 82 had papillary thyroid carcinoma and 8 follicular thyroid carcinoma. Serum thyrotropin was suppressed (< 2 mu IU/ml) during the Fluor-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography imaging procedure. RESULTS: The overall sensitivity of fluor-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography imaging in the detection of metastasis of differentiated thyroid cancer was 84.8%, the specificity 79.1%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of fluor-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography imaging in classic type of papillary cancer was 83.3% and 54.5%, respectively. The corresponding figures for the tall cell variant was 85.7% and 87.5%, respectively. The difference between the two histological subtypes was statistically significant (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that fluor-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography imaging could be a valuable test for the routine follow-up of patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma.
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    Hardness Behavior of Alumina-Zirconia Nanocomposites Synthesized by Gel Process
    (Polish Acad Sciences Inst Physics, 2013) Sahin, O.; Hasde, A.; Gocmez, H.; Tuncer, M.; Cetinkara, H. Ali; Guder, H. Salih; Sahin, E.
    The alumina-zirconia composites are one of the relatively good and promising candidates for biomaterials application, due to biocompatibility and their mechanical properties that combines high flexural strength with a high toughness. The aim of the present work is to analyze the mechanical properties of these composites, where zirconia content was varied from 5 to 50 wt%. The citrate gel method, similar to the polymerized complex method, was used to synthesize these ceramics. Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and microhardness tests are used to characterize synthesized materials. The examined material exhibits the behaviour of indentation size effect. Modified proportional resistance model are used to analyze the load dependence of the microhardness. X-ray diffraction analysis was used to calculation of the grain size and dislocation density. It is found that hardness is decreased when the zirconia content increases with enlargement of grain size. DOI: 10.12693/APhysPolA.123.299
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    Influence of Pd Addition of CoCrMo Biomedical Alloys on the Microhardness Behaviour
    (Polish Acad Sciences Inst Physics, 2015) Sahin, O.; Uzunoglu, S.; Sahin, E.
    CoCrMo alloys are often used as the material for metal artificial joint because of their high corrosion resistance and mechanical properties. In this study CoCrMo alloys having different palladium amount of produced by investment casting method. Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction method and indentation tests were used to examine the mechanical properties of the alloys. Indentation experiments were carried out using Vickers indenter that the loads range from 0.245 to 9.8 N. The alloys exhibit significant load-dependence (i.e., indentation size effect). Meyer's law, proportional specimen resistance model, and Hays-Kendall model were used to analyze the load dependence of the hardness. As a results for load-independent determination of the CoCrMo alloys, the Hays-Kendall model is found to be more effective than the proportional specimen resistance model and microhardness values decreases with increase of the Pd content.
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    Mechanical Characterization of CoCrMo Alloys Consisting of Different Palladium Ratios Produced by Investment Casting Method
    (Polish Acad Sciences Inst Physics, 2015) Sahin, O.; Uzunoglu, S.; Sahin, E.
    CoCrMo alloys are one of the most commonly used materials for hip arthroplasty, knee and dental because of its mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, wear resistance and biocompatibility. In this study, CoCrMo alloys consisting of 1.68 to 4.33% Pd are produced by investment casting process under argon atmosphere. The microstructures and mechanical properties of CoCrMo alloy were studied using X-ray diffraction, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Knoop indentation hardness tests, focusing on the influences on the different palladium additives. The measured microhardness values of CoCrMo alloys having different palladium ratio are seen to be load-dependent. The observed load dependence was rationalized using the Hays-Kendall model and it was found that the resultant load-independent hardness decreases with increase of palladium ratios. As a results, microhardness decreases with increase of palladium amount.
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    Mechanical Properties of Nanocrystalline Tetragonal Zirconia Stabilized with CaO, MgO and Y2O3
    (Polish Acad Sciences Inst Physics, 2013) Sahin, O.; Demirkol, I.; Gocmez, H.; Tuncer, M.; Cetinkara, H. Ali; Guder, H. Salih; Sahin, E.
    The citrate gel method, similar to the polymerized complex method, was used to synthesize homogeneous tetragonal zirconia at 1000 degrees C. Nanocrystalline tetragonal phase has been fully stabilized at wide temperature range with 10 mol.% CaO, MgO, and Y2O3 addition. Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and microhardness tests are used to characterize synthesized materials. The grain size and dislocation density were calculated from X-ray diffraction data. The examined material exhibits indentation size effect behavior. Results revealed that the Vickers and Knoop microhardness are dependent on indentation test load. Geometrically necessary dislocation model and modified proportional resistance model are used to analyze the load dependence of the microhardness. The highest hardness values were obtained for the samples with CaO addition; however the lowest values were acquired for sample stabilized with Y2O3 by using both Knoop and Vickers techniques. This situation might be explained using the Hall-Fetch relation. DOI: 10.12693/APhysPolA.123.296
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    Preparation of Fine-Grained Silicon-Nitride Ceramics and their Characterization by Depth-Sensing Indentation Tests
    (Polish Acad Sciences Inst Physics, 2015) Sahin, O.; Guder, H. S.; Uzun, O.; Sahin, E.; Sopicka-Lizer, M.; Gocmez, H.; Artunc, E.
    Both pressureless-sintered and dense, fine-grained silicon nitride ceramics were produced from mechanochemically activated nitride-based precursors. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmition Electron Microscopy (TEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and an ultra-low load microhardness tester were used to characterize these ceramics. Depth-sensing indentation (DSI) tests in the range of 200-1800 mN were performed on the silicon nitride ceramic to determine dynamic hardness (H-d) and reduced elastic modulus (E-r) values. These values were deduced by analyzing the unloading segments of the DSI curves. It was found that both H-d and E-r exhibits a significant indentation load dependence. Nix-Gao (NG) model was used to analyze the dynamic hardness data in the calculation of the load independent hardness value.
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    Production and Mechanical Behaviour of Biomedical CoCrMo Alloy
    (Iop Publishing Ltd, 2011) Sahin, O.; Tuncdemir, A. Riza; Cetinkara, H. Ali; Guder, H. Salih; Sahin, E.
    Cobalt-based alloy (Co-30Cr-5.5Mo) is produced by the investment casting process. This alloy complies with the ASTM F75 standard and is widely used in the manufacturing of orthopedic implants because of its high strength, good corrosion resistance and excellent biocompatibility properties. SEM, XRD and microhardness tests are used to examine the mechanical properties of the material. The examined material exhibits the behaviour of indentation size effect (ISE). Our results reveal that Vickers and Knoop microhardness are dependent on indentation test load. The traditional Meyer's law, the proportional specimen resistance (PSR) model and the Hays-Kendall model (HK) are used to analyze the load dependence of the hardness. As a result, the Hays-Kendall model is found to be the most effective to determine the load-independent hardness H-LI of CoCrMo alloy.
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    Vickers and Knoop Indentation Microhardness Study of ?-SiAION Ceramic
    (Polish Acad Sciences Inst Physics, 2011) Guder, H. S.; Sahin, E.; Sahin, O.; Gocmez, H.; Duran, C.; Cetinkara, H. Ali
    In this paper, analysis and interpretation of mechanical property measurements of beta-SiAION ceramic were reported. Indentation microhardness of beta-SiAION ceramic was measured using the Knoop and Vickers indenters. The analysis of the Vickers indentation microhardness data reveals the reverse indentation size effect that is the apparent microhardness increases with increasing applied indentation test load. However, the Knoop indentation microhardness data exhibit indentation size effect that is the apparent microhardness increases with decreasing applied test load. The experimental Knoop microhardness data was analyzed using Meyer's law, elastic-plastic deformation model, proportional specimen resistance model, and Hays-Kendall's model. As a result, modified proportional specimen resistance model is found to be the most effective one for the load-independent (Hu) microhardness determination of the SiAION ceramic. It was seen that different models used to analyze the data obtained from the Vickers indentation do not give the same intrinsic hardness value. We also present the calculation of the Young modulus, E, of the beta-SiAION ceramic.