İlkokul öğretmenlerinin COVID-19 salgını sürecindeki mesleki deneyimleri, süreci yönetme durumları ve sürece bakış açıları
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2022
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
2019 yılında ortaya çıkan ve kısa sürede tüm dünyayı etkileyerek küresel bir salgın haline gelen ve Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (WHO) tarafından Covid-19 pandemi dönemi olarak adlandırılan bir süreç yaşanmıştır. Bu sürecin siyasal, ekonomik, toplumsal, eğitim gibi birçok alanda yıkıcı etkileri olmuştur. Küresel olarak, en az 1,5 milyar öğrenci ve 63 milyon ilkokul ve ortaokul öğretmeni, 191 ülkede okulların kapanmasıyla birlikte Covid-19 salgınının neden olduğu durumdan etkilenmiştir (UNESCO, 2020b). Bu araştırmanın amacı öğretmenlerin Covid-19 sürecinde mesleki deneyimlerini, süreci yönetme durumlarını ve sürece bakış açılarını belirlemektir. Bu amaçla, Hatay ilinde görev yapan 30 ilkokul öğretmeniyle araştırma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu çalışma nitel araştırma desenlerinden durum çalışması (case study) deseni kapsamında yürütülmüştür. Veriler yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmelerle elde edilmiştir. Görüşmelerden elde edilen veriler içerik analiz tekniği ile yorumlanmıştır. Elde edilen verilerden çeşitli temalar, kategoriler, kodlar oluşturulmuştur. Elde edilen bulgulara göre; pandemi döneminde öğretmenlerin ders işlerken mevcut kitle iletişim araçlarının (bilgisayar, tablet ve akıllı telefon) tamamını kullandıkları, kendilerini bu araçları kullanmada yeterli gördükleri sonuçları elde edilmiştir. Araştırmada yüz yüze eğitimin uzaktan eğitime göre avantajlarının daha fazla olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Salgın dönemi kullanılan yöntem ve tekniklerde değişiklik yapıldığı, öğretmenlerin pandemi sürecinde anlatım, sunuş yoluyla öğretim, video destekli öğretim, soru cevap- tartışma gibi öğretim-yöntem ve teknikleri daha çok kullandıkları görülmüştür. Öğretmenlerin uzaktan eğitim sürecinde kullandıkları yöntem ve tekniklerin yüz yüze eğitime göre sayı ve çeşitlilik olarak azaldığı gibi önemli sonuçlara da ulaşılmıştır. Araştırmada öğrencilerin maddi imkânlarının yetersiz olması, derslerde kullanılabilecek teknik cihaz eksikliği, kaliteli internet hizmet eksikliği, internet bağlantı problemleri yaşanması, yeterli veli desteğinin olmaması, öğrencilerin sorumluluk bilincinin zayıf olması, çocukların tatil havasına girmeleri gibi durumlardan dolayı öğrencilerin derse katılımlarının az olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca öğretmenler Covid-19 sürecinde velilerden bekledikleri desteği göremediklerini ifade etmişlerdir. Öğretmenlerin pandemi sürecinde karar vericilerin beklentileri karşılama konusunda yeterli olamadıkları, yöneticilerden gerekli desteği göremedikleri gibi sonuçlar da yer almıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen bulgular sonucunda gelecekte karşılaşılabilecek olası sorunlara karşı çeşitli öneriler getirilmiştir.
There has been a process that emerged in 2019 and become a global pandemic that has affected the whole world in a short time and called Covid-19 Pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). This process has had devastating effects in many areas such as political, economic, social and educational. Globally, at least 1.5 billion students and 63 million primary and secondary school teachers have been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic as a result of closed schools in 191 countries (UNESCO, 2020b). The purpose of this research is to determine the professional experiences of the teachers, their management of the process and their perspectives about the process during the Covid-19 process. For this purpose, the research was conducted with 30 primary school teachers working in Hatay province. The present study was carried out within the scope of the case study design, which is one of the qualitative research designs. The data were obtained through semi-structured interviews. The data obtained from the interviews were interpreted with the content analysis technique. Various themes, categories and codes were created from the collected data. According to the findings; the teachers used all of the available mass media (computer, tablet and smart phone) in the lessons during the pandemic period, they considered themselves sufficient in using these tools. In the study, it was concluded that face-to-face education had more advantages than distance education. It has been observed that there have been changes in the methods and techniques used by the teachers during the epidemic period, and that teachers mostly used teaching-methods and techniques such as narration, teaching by presentation, video-supported teaching, question-answer-discussion etc. Besides, important results have been come through such as the number and variety of methods and techniques used by teachers in the distance education process have decreased compared to face-to-face education. In the research, it has been determined that the students' participation in the course was decreased due to the insufficient financial standing, the lack of technical devices used in the lessons, the lack of quality internet service, the internet connection problems, insufficient parental support, the weak sense of responsibility of the students, and the children's being in the mood for holiday. In addition, the teachers have stated that they were not supported by the parents as they expected during the Covid-19 process. It has been also seen that the the decision makers were not able to supply with the teachers' expectations in the pandemic process and the teachers were not supported enough by their managers. As a result of the findings obtained in the research, various suggestions have been made against possible problems that may be encountered in the future.
There has been a process that emerged in 2019 and become a global pandemic that has affected the whole world in a short time and called Covid-19 Pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). This process has had devastating effects in many areas such as political, economic, social and educational. Globally, at least 1.5 billion students and 63 million primary and secondary school teachers have been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic as a result of closed schools in 191 countries (UNESCO, 2020b). The purpose of this research is to determine the professional experiences of the teachers, their management of the process and their perspectives about the process during the Covid-19 process. For this purpose, the research was conducted with 30 primary school teachers working in Hatay province. The present study was carried out within the scope of the case study design, which is one of the qualitative research designs. The data were obtained through semi-structured interviews. The data obtained from the interviews were interpreted with the content analysis technique. Various themes, categories and codes were created from the collected data. According to the findings; the teachers used all of the available mass media (computer, tablet and smart phone) in the lessons during the pandemic period, they considered themselves sufficient in using these tools. In the study, it was concluded that face-to-face education had more advantages than distance education. It has been observed that there have been changes in the methods and techniques used by the teachers during the epidemic period, and that teachers mostly used teaching-methods and techniques such as narration, teaching by presentation, video-supported teaching, question-answer-discussion etc. Besides, important results have been come through such as the number and variety of methods and techniques used by teachers in the distance education process have decreased compared to face-to-face education. In the research, it has been determined that the students' participation in the course was decreased due to the insufficient financial standing, the lack of technical devices used in the lessons, the lack of quality internet service, the internet connection problems, insufficient parental support, the weak sense of responsibility of the students, and the children's being in the mood for holiday. In addition, the teachers have stated that they were not supported by the parents as they expected during the Covid-19 process. It has been also seen that the the decision makers were not able to supply with the teachers' expectations in the pandemic process and the teachers were not supported enough by their managers. As a result of the findings obtained in the research, various suggestions have been made against possible problems that may be encountered in the future.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Eğitim ve Öğretim, Education and Training
