Türkiye'de gıda ürünlerindeki taklit ve tağşişin tüketiciler üzerine etkisi: Hatay ili örneği
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2022
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Dünyada ve Türkiye'de hileli ürünlerin kullanımı gün geçtikçe artmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Türkiye'de gıda ürünlerinde yaygın olarak görülen taklit/tağşiş uygulamalarının tüketiciler üzerindeki etkilerinin Hatay ili özelinde incelenerek, tüketicilerin bu konuda karşılaştıkları sorunların ve çözüm önerilerinin ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma verileri Hatay il merkezi ve ilçelerinde yaşayan 150 tüketiciden 2020 yılının Temmuz-Ağustos aylarında yüz yüze görüşme yoluyla elde edilmiştir. Araştırma verileri tüketicilerin dört farklı gelir grubuna göre çapraz tablolar, yüzde oranlar, Likert ölçek, t-testi ve ANOVA ile değerlendirilmiştir. Verileri kullanılan tüketicilerin yaş ortalaması 41 olup 80'i kadın ve 70'i erkek iken %53'ü evli bireylerden oluşmuştur. Lise ve daha az seviyede eğitimli bireylerin oranı %73, gelir aralığı ise 3000-5000 ₺/ay arasında en fazladır (%58). Katılımcıların %42'si gıda ürünlerinde söz konusu olan taklit/tağşiş kavramını bildiğini, %37'si de kısmen bildiğini belirtmiştir. Tüketiciler bir gıda ürününü satın alırken öncelikli olarak üretim ve son tüketim tarihlerine dikkat etmektedir (%50). Gıda ürünlerindeki sağlık ve güvenilirlik özelliklerini dikkate alındığını belirten tüketici oranı %71 düzeyindedir, buna karşılık tüketicilerin %31'i tükettiği gıdalardan kaynaklanan bir sağlık sorunu yaşamıştır. Tüketicilerin gelir düzeyi artışına bağlı olarak daha bilinçli hareket ettiği ve hileli ürünlerden kaynaklanan olumsuzluklardan daha az etkilendikleri görülmüştür. Ancak tüketicilerin çeşitli demografik ve sosyo-ekonomik grupları açısından taklit/tağşiş ürünlerle ilgili olarak riskli durum söz konusudur. Tüketicilerin düşük fiyattan dolayı bu tür gıdaları tercih ediyor olması ve yetkililiklerce yeterince denetim yapılmaması sektördeki başlıca riskler olarak görülmektedir. Hileli gıda ürünleri konusunda toplumda sağlıksız oldukları algısı, bu ürünlerinden kaynaklanan sağlık sorunlarının basın ve yetkili organlarca kamuoyuna duyurulmasının bunlarla mücadelede fırsat olabileceği görülmüştür.
The use of fraudulent products in the world and in Turkey is increasing day by day. In this study, it is aimed to examine the effects of imitation/adulteration practices on consumers, which are commonly seen in food products in Turkey, in Hatay province and to reveal the problems and solution suggestions that consumers encounter in this regard. The research data were obtained from 150 consumers living in Hatay city center and districts through face-to-face interviews in July-August 2020. The research data were evaluated by cross-tabulations, percentage ratios, Likert scale, t-test and ANOVA according to four different income groups of consumers. The average age of the consumers whose data were used was 41 years, 80 of whom were women and 70 were men, while 53% were married individuals. The proportion of individuals educated at high school and lower levels is 73%, and the income range is the highest between 3000-5000 ₺/month (58%). 42% of the participants stated that they knew the concept of imitation/adulteration in food products, and 37% stated that they knew it partially. When purchasing a food product, consumers primarily pay attention to production and expiration dates (50%). The proportion of consumers who stated that they consider the health and safety features of food products is at the level of 71%, while 31% of consumers have experienced a health problem caused by the foods they consume. It has been observed that consumers act more consciously due to the increase in income level and are less affected by the negativities arising from fraudulent products. However, there is a risky situation in relation to imitation/adulterated products for various demographic and socio-economic groups of consumers. The fact that consumers prefer such foods due to the low price and that there is not enough supervision by the authorities are seen as the main risks in the sector. The perception that they are unhealthy in the society about fraudulent food products and the announcement of health problems arising from these products to the public by the press and authorized bodies have been seen to be an opportunity to combat them.
The use of fraudulent products in the world and in Turkey is increasing day by day. In this study, it is aimed to examine the effects of imitation/adulteration practices on consumers, which are commonly seen in food products in Turkey, in Hatay province and to reveal the problems and solution suggestions that consumers encounter in this regard. The research data were obtained from 150 consumers living in Hatay city center and districts through face-to-face interviews in July-August 2020. The research data were evaluated by cross-tabulations, percentage ratios, Likert scale, t-test and ANOVA according to four different income groups of consumers. The average age of the consumers whose data were used was 41 years, 80 of whom were women and 70 were men, while 53% were married individuals. The proportion of individuals educated at high school and lower levels is 73%, and the income range is the highest between 3000-5000 ₺/month (58%). 42% of the participants stated that they knew the concept of imitation/adulteration in food products, and 37% stated that they knew it partially. When purchasing a food product, consumers primarily pay attention to production and expiration dates (50%). The proportion of consumers who stated that they consider the health and safety features of food products is at the level of 71%, while 31% of consumers have experienced a health problem caused by the foods they consume. It has been observed that consumers act more consciously due to the increase in income level and are less affected by the negativities arising from fraudulent products. However, there is a risky situation in relation to imitation/adulterated products for various demographic and socio-economic groups of consumers. The fact that consumers prefer such foods due to the low price and that there is not enough supervision by the authorities are seen as the main risks in the sector. The perception that they are unhealthy in the society about fraudulent food products and the announcement of health problems arising from these products to the public by the press and authorized bodies have been seen to be an opportunity to combat them.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ziraat, Agriculture
