Hatay ili hassa ilçesi zeytin ağaçlarının yaprak ve toprak örnekleri ile beslenme durumunun belirlenmesi
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2022
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Yayıncı
Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu araştırmada Hatay İli Hassa İlçesinde zeytin yetiştiriciliği yapılan toprakların, verimlilik ve zeytin bitkisinin beslenme durumunu belirlemek amacıyla, bölgeyi temsil edecek şekilde tesadüfen belirlenen, 15 farklı kapama zeytin bahçesinden, 0-30 cm ve 30-60 cm olmak üzere iki farklı derinlikten toprak ve aynı bahçelerden yaprak örnekleri alınmıştır. Alınan toprak ve yaprak örneklerin bazı fiziksel ve kimyasal özellikleri ile bitki besin maddesi içerikleri belirlenerek, sınır değerleri ile karşılaştırılarak bahçelerin beslenme durumları ortaya konmaya çalışılmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen sonuçlara göre, yöre topraklarının %36.67'si kumlu killi tın, %20.00'si killi tın, %16.67'si killi, %13.33'ü kumlu tın, %10.00'u tın, %3.33'ü siltli kil olmak üzere 6 ayrı bünye sınıfında olduğu, hafif asit ile hafif alkalin reaksiyonlu olduğu, sadece bir bahçe toprağı tuzlu ve kireçli iken diğer bütün örnekler tuzsuz, kireçli ve organik maddece yetersiz olduğu bulunmuştur. Topraklar besin elementleri bakımından %70'inin azot, % 26.66'sının fosfor, %43.33'ünün potasyum, %66.66' sının kalsiyum, %36.67'sinin magnezyum, %13.33'ünün çinko ve %100'ünün bor içeriklerinin yetersiz olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bahçelerden alınan zeytin yaprak örneklerinin ise %13.33'ünde fosfor, %40.0' ında potasyum, %73.33'ünde kalsiyum, %93.33' ünde magnezyum, %53.33'ünde bakır, %26.67'sinde mangan, %13.33'ü ise çinko içeriği yönünden noksan olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak; Hatay İli Hassa İlçesinde zeytin yetiştiriciliği yapılan bahçelerin toprak ve yaprak analizleri incelendiğinde, bazı besin elementlerinin toprakta yeterli iken yapraklarda eksik, bazı besin elementlerinin ise toprakta noksan olmasına rağmen bitkide yeterli olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu durum bölgede zeytin bahçelerinde toprak ve yaprak analizleri sonucuna göre bilinçli bir gübrelemesinin yapılmadığının kanıtıdır. Bu nedenle, kaliteli ve bol ürün için bölgede zeytin bahçelerinin toprak ve yaprak analizleri ile bu sonuçları esas alan bilinçli gübreleme çalışmalarının yapılarak, doğru bir bitki beslenme planlamasının oluşturulması önerilmektedir.
In this research, in order to determine the productivity and nutritional status of the olive plants in the Hassa District of Hatay Province, Turkey, 15 different olive orchards were randomly selected representing the region and from each orchard soil samples from two different depths (0-30 cm and 30-60 cm) and leaf samples were collected. Some physical and chemical properties and plant nutrient contents of the soil and leaf samples were determined, and the nutritional status of the orchards was tried to be revealed by comparing them with the limit values. According to the results obtained from the research, there are 6 different structure class of soil comprised of 36.67% sandy clay loam, 20.00% clay loam, 16.67% clayey, 13.33% sandy loam, 10.00% loam, 3.33% silty clay. All the samples have mild acid and slightly alkaline reaction, only one sample is salty and calcareous, while the rest of the samples are unsalted, calcareous and insufficient in organic matter. In terms of nutrients, 70% of the soil samples were determined to be insufficient in terms of nitrogen, following ratios of samples for deficiencies were 26.66% in phosphorus, 43.33% in potassium, 66.66% in calcium, 36.67% in magnesium, 13.33% in zinc and 100% in boron. On the other hand, 13.33% of the olive leaf samples taken from the orchards were found to be deficient in phosphorus, 40.0% in potassium, 73.33% in calcium, 93.33% in magnesium, 53.33% in copper, 26.67% in manganese and 13.33% in zinc. As a result, when the soil and leaf analyses of the olive growing orchards in the Hassa District of Hatay were examined, it was determined that some plant nutrients were sufficient in the soils while they were insufficient in the leaves. However, it was determined that some plant nutrients were deficient in the soil, while they were not sufficient in olive leaves. For this reason, it is recommended to create an accurate plant nutrition plan by performing soil and leaf analyses of olive orchards in the region and conscious fertilization studies based on these results for high quality and abundant products.
In this research, in order to determine the productivity and nutritional status of the olive plants in the Hassa District of Hatay Province, Turkey, 15 different olive orchards were randomly selected representing the region and from each orchard soil samples from two different depths (0-30 cm and 30-60 cm) and leaf samples were collected. Some physical and chemical properties and plant nutrient contents of the soil and leaf samples were determined, and the nutritional status of the orchards was tried to be revealed by comparing them with the limit values. According to the results obtained from the research, there are 6 different structure class of soil comprised of 36.67% sandy clay loam, 20.00% clay loam, 16.67% clayey, 13.33% sandy loam, 10.00% loam, 3.33% silty clay. All the samples have mild acid and slightly alkaline reaction, only one sample is salty and calcareous, while the rest of the samples are unsalted, calcareous and insufficient in organic matter. In terms of nutrients, 70% of the soil samples were determined to be insufficient in terms of nitrogen, following ratios of samples for deficiencies were 26.66% in phosphorus, 43.33% in potassium, 66.66% in calcium, 36.67% in magnesium, 13.33% in zinc and 100% in boron. On the other hand, 13.33% of the olive leaf samples taken from the orchards were found to be deficient in phosphorus, 40.0% in potassium, 73.33% in calcium, 93.33% in magnesium, 53.33% in copper, 26.67% in manganese and 13.33% in zinc. As a result, when the soil and leaf analyses of the olive growing orchards in the Hassa District of Hatay were examined, it was determined that some plant nutrients were sufficient in the soils while they were insufficient in the leaves. However, it was determined that some plant nutrients were deficient in the soil, while they were not sufficient in olive leaves. For this reason, it is recommended to create an accurate plant nutrition plan by performing soil and leaf analyses of olive orchards in the region and conscious fertilization studies based on these results for high quality and abundant products.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ziraat, Agriculture
