Kemik osteotomilerinin piezo-uçların mekanik özellikleri üzerindeki etkilerinin karşılaştırılması: Deneysel bir çalışma
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Tarih
2022
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Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Giriş ve Amaç: Bu çalışmadaki amacımız; farklı sayıda osteotomi gerçekleştiren piezo-uçların nano-sertlik, elastisite modülü ve yüzey pürüzlülüğü gibi mekanik özellikleri ile aşınma düzeylerinin kesi performansı üzerindeki etkilerini karşılaştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmada 3'ü kontrol, 28'i ise test amaçlı olmak üzere 31 adet piezo-uç kullanıldı. Test grubundaki uçlar farklı sayıda kesi yapmak üzere 4 gruba ayrıldı. Bu gruplar, 4 kesi grubu (7 adet uç), 8 kesi grubu (7 adet uç), 16 kesi grubu (7 adet uç) ve 32 kesi grubu (7 adet uç) şeklinde oluşturuldu. Osteotomiler 1-3 yaş aralığındaki taze kesilmiş sığırın sağ ve sol 6. ve 7. kostalarından elde edilen kemik blokları üzerinde gerçekleştirildi. Her bir kostadan 40 mm uzunluğunda 7 eşit kemik bloğu elde edildi. 4 kaburgadan elde edilen 28 adet kemik bloğu arasından osteotomi grupları için 4 kemik bloğu seçildi. Kemik blokları üzerine 10 mm uzunluğunda ve birbirine 2 mm uzaklıkta 15 kılavuz çizgi çizilerek sıralı bir şekilde numaralandırıldı. Uçların hangi kesiyi yapacağı rastgele belirlendikten sonra, her gruptan alınan bir uç ile kemik bloğu üzerinde 10 mm uzunluğunda ve 4,5 mm derinliğinde osteotomiler gerçekleştirildi. Böylelikle her bir kemik bloğu üzerinde 4 kesi grubundaki uç ile 1, 8 kesi grubundaki uç ile 2, 16 kesi grubundaki uç ile 4 ve 32 kesi grubundaki uç ile 8 adet kesi gerçekleştirildi. Osteotomi sırasında ortalama kesi süreleri kaydedildi. Osteotomi grubunda yer alan uçların osteotomi öncesi ve sonrası taramalı elektron mikroskop görüntüleri elde edildi ve iki görüntü üst üste çakıştırılarak uçlarda meydana gelen aşınma miktarları hesaplandı. Nanoindentasyon ile uçların nano-sertlik, elastisite modülü ve yüzey pürüzlülüğü analiz edildi. Osteotomi gruplarına ilişkin nanoindentasyon değerleri kontrol grubu ile kıyaslandı. Bulgular: Piezo-uçların nano-sertlik değerlerinde osteotomi sayısına bağlı olarak istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı bir artış gözlendi (p=0,007). Kullanım sıklığına bağlı olmaksızın kullanım durumu ile ilişkili olarak tüm osteotomi gruplarındaki uçların elastisite değerlerinin kontrol grubuna nazaran anlamlı şekilde arttığı belirlendi (p=0,007). Osteotomi sayısına bağlı olarak uçların kullanım sıklığı ile yüzey pürüzlülüğü arasında doğrusal bir ilişki elde edildi. Kullanım sıklığı artıkça yüzey pürüzlülüğünde anlamlı bir artış meydana geldi (r=0,961; p=0,001). Benzer şekilde, uçların kullanım sıklığı ile aşınma miktarları arasında pozitif korelasyon tespit edildi (r=0,833; p=0,001). Uçların yüzey pürüzlülüğü ve aşınma miktarları arasında güçlü bir korelasyon saptandı (r=0,847; p=0,001). Piezo-uçların kullanım sıklığı ile birlikte ortalama kesi sürelerinde istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı düzeyde artış gözlendi (p=0,01). Sonuç: Sığır kemiği üzerinde gerçekleştirilen deneysel çalışmanın verilerine göre, kesi sayısının artması ile piezo-uçların mekanik ve fiziksel özelliklerinde kayda değer değişiklikler olduğu, buna bağlı olarak kesi performanslarının etkilendiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Introduction and Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the nano-hardness, elasticity modulus, surface roughness and wear level of the piezo-tips, thus comparing their effects on bone cutting performance. Materials and Methods: In the study, 31 piezo-tips were used, of which 3 were for control and 28 for testing purposes. The tips in the test group were divided into 4 groups to make a different number of osteotomies. These groups were formed as follow: 4-osteotomy group (7 tips), 8-osteotomy group (7 tips), 16-osteotomy group (7 tips) and 32-osteotomy group (7 tips). Osteotomies were performed on bone blocks obtained from the right and left 6th and 7th ribs of freshly slaughtered bovine, approximately 1-3 years old. Seven equal bone blocks of 40 mm in length were obtained from each rib. Among the 28 bone blocks obtained from 4 ribs, 4 bone blocks were selected for each tip in the osteotomy groups. Fifteen lines in 10 mm length and at 2 mm distance were drawn on the bone blocks and they were numbered sequentially. After randomly determining the osteotomy lines for the tips, the osteotomies were performed by using a tip from each group. Thus, on each bone block, 1 osteotomy with the tip in 4-osteotomy group, 2 osteotomies with the tip in 8-osteotomy group, 4 osteotomies with the tip in 16-osteotomy group and 8 osteotomies with the tip in 32-osteotomy group were performed and mean osteotomy durations were saved. Scanning electron microscope images of all tips in the osteotomy group before and immediately after osteotomy were obtained, and the wear level in the tips was measured by superimposing the two images using a software. The hardness, elastic modulus and surface roughness of the tips were analyzed by nanoindentation. The obtained nanoindentation values were compared with the control group. Results: A statistically significant increase was observed in the nano-hardness values of the piezo-tips depending on the number of osteotomy (p=0.007). It was determined that the elasticity values of the tips in all osteotomy groups increased significantly compared to the control group, regardless of the frequency of use (p=0.007). There was a linear relationship between the frequency of use of the tips and the surface roughness, depending on the number of the osteotomy. As the frequency of use increased, the surface roughness also increased (r=0.961; p=0.001). Similarly, a positive correlation was found between the frequency of use of the tips and wear levels (r=0.833; p=0.001). A strong correlation was found between the surface roughness and the wear level of the tips (r=0.847; p=0.001). A statistically significant increase was observed in the mean osteotomy durations with the frequency of use of piezo-tips (p=0.01). Conclusions: According to the data of the experimental study performed on the bovine ribs, it was concluded that the increase in the number of bone cut caused significant changes in the mechanical and physical properties of the piezo-tips, and accordingly the bone cutting performance was affected by reusing the tip.
Introduction and Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the nano-hardness, elasticity modulus, surface roughness and wear level of the piezo-tips, thus comparing their effects on bone cutting performance. Materials and Methods: In the study, 31 piezo-tips were used, of which 3 were for control and 28 for testing purposes. The tips in the test group were divided into 4 groups to make a different number of osteotomies. These groups were formed as follow: 4-osteotomy group (7 tips), 8-osteotomy group (7 tips), 16-osteotomy group (7 tips) and 32-osteotomy group (7 tips). Osteotomies were performed on bone blocks obtained from the right and left 6th and 7th ribs of freshly slaughtered bovine, approximately 1-3 years old. Seven equal bone blocks of 40 mm in length were obtained from each rib. Among the 28 bone blocks obtained from 4 ribs, 4 bone blocks were selected for each tip in the osteotomy groups. Fifteen lines in 10 mm length and at 2 mm distance were drawn on the bone blocks and they were numbered sequentially. After randomly determining the osteotomy lines for the tips, the osteotomies were performed by using a tip from each group. Thus, on each bone block, 1 osteotomy with the tip in 4-osteotomy group, 2 osteotomies with the tip in 8-osteotomy group, 4 osteotomies with the tip in 16-osteotomy group and 8 osteotomies with the tip in 32-osteotomy group were performed and mean osteotomy durations were saved. Scanning electron microscope images of all tips in the osteotomy group before and immediately after osteotomy were obtained, and the wear level in the tips was measured by superimposing the two images using a software. The hardness, elastic modulus and surface roughness of the tips were analyzed by nanoindentation. The obtained nanoindentation values were compared with the control group. Results: A statistically significant increase was observed in the nano-hardness values of the piezo-tips depending on the number of osteotomy (p=0.007). It was determined that the elasticity values of the tips in all osteotomy groups increased significantly compared to the control group, regardless of the frequency of use (p=0.007). There was a linear relationship between the frequency of use of the tips and the surface roughness, depending on the number of the osteotomy. As the frequency of use increased, the surface roughness also increased (r=0.961; p=0.001). Similarly, a positive correlation was found between the frequency of use of the tips and wear levels (r=0.833; p=0.001). A strong correlation was found between the surface roughness and the wear level of the tips (r=0.847; p=0.001). A statistically significant increase was observed in the mean osteotomy durations with the frequency of use of piezo-tips (p=0.01). Conclusions: According to the data of the experimental study performed on the bovine ribs, it was concluded that the increase in the number of bone cut caused significant changes in the mechanical and physical properties of the piezo-tips, and accordingly the bone cutting performance was affected by reusing the tip.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Diş Hekimliği, Dentistry, Kesi performansı, Nanoindentasyon, Osteotomi, Piezo-uç, Incision performance, Nanoindentation, Osteotomy, Piezo-tip
