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Anti-proliferative Effects of Trigonella foeniculum and Eucalyptus camaldulensis on Human Melanoma Cells
(Wiley, 2017) Duran, Nizami; Duran, Gulay Gulbol; Kaya, D. Alpaslan; Ay, Emrah; Tumer, Cemil; Demir, Enver Ahmet
[Abstract Not Available]
Antibiotic resistance genes & susceptibility patterns in staphylococci
(Indian Council Medical Res, 2012) Duran, Nizami; Ozer, Burcin; Duran, Gulay Gulbol; Onlen, Yusuf; Demir, Cemil
Background & objectives: This study was carried out to evaluate the association between the antibiotic susceptibility patterns and the antibiotic resistance genes in staphylococcal isolates obtained from various clinical samples of patients attending a teaching hospital in Hatay, Turkey. Methods: A total of 298 staphylococci clinical isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing. The genes implicated in resistance to oxacillin (mecA), gentamicin (aac(6')/aph(2), aph(3')-IIIa, ant(4')-Ia), erythromycin (ermA, ermB, ermC, and msrA), tetracyclin (tetK; tetM), and penicillin (blaZ) were amplified using multiplex PCR method. Results: Methicillin resistance rate among 139 Staphlococcus aureus isolates was 16.5 and 25.9 per cent of S. aureus carried mecA gene. Of the 159 CoNS isolates, methicillin resistance rate was 18.9 and 29.6 per cent carried mecA gene. Ninety four isolates identified as gentamicin resistant phenotypically, contained at least one of the gentamicin resistance genes [aac(6')/aph(2), aph(3')-IIIa, ant(4')-Ia], 17 gentamicin-susceptible isolates were found as positive in terms of one or more resistance genes [aac(6')/aph(2), aph(3')-IIIa, ant(4')-Ia] by multiplex PCR. A total of 165 isolates were resistant to erythromycin, and contained at least one of the erythromycin resistance genes (ermA,ermB, ermC and msrA). Phenotypically, 106 staphylococcal isolates were resistant to tetracycline, 121 isolates carried either tetK or tetM or both resistance genes. The majority of staphylococci tested possessed the blaZ gene (89.9%). Interpretation & conclusions: The present results showed that the phenotypic antibiotic susceptibility patterns were not similar to those obtained by genotyping done by multiplex PCR. Rapid and reliable methods for antibiotic susceptibility are important to determine the appropriate therapy decisions. Multiplex PCR can be used for confirmation of the results obtained by conventional phenotypic methods, when needed.
Antiviral Activity of Hatay Propolis Against Replication of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 and Type 2
(Int Scientific Information, Inc, 2016) Yildirim, Ayse; Duran, Gulay Gulbol; Duran, Nizami; Jenedi, Kemal; Bolgul, Behiye Sezgin; Miraloglu, Meral; Muz, Mustafa
Background: Propolis is a bee product widely used in folk medicine and possessing many pharmacological properties. In this study we aimed to investigate: i) the antiviral activities of Hatay propolis samples against HSV-1 and HSV-2 in HEp-2 cell line, and ii) the presence of the synergistic effects of propolis with acyclovir against these viruses. Material/Methods: All experiments were carried out in HEp-2 cell cultures. Proliferation assays were performed in 24-well flat bottom microplates. We inoculated 1x10(5) cells per ml and RPMI 1640 medium with 10% fetal calf serum into each well. Studies to determine cytotoxic effect were performed. To investigate the presence of antiviral activity of propolis samples, different concentrations of propolis (3200, 1600, 800, 400, 200, 100, 75, 50, and 25 mu g/mL) were added into the culture medium. The amplifications of HSV-1 and HSV-2 DNA were performed by realtime PCR method. Acyclovir (Sigma, USA) was chosen as a positive control. Cell morphology was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results: The replication of HSV-1 and HSV-2 was significantly suppressed in the presence of 25, 50, and 100 mu g/mL of Hatay propolis. We found that propolis began to inhibit HSV-1 replication after 24 h of incubation and propolis activity against HSV-2 was found to start at 48 h following incubation. The activity of propolis against both HSV-1 and HSV-2 was confirmed by a significant decrease in the number of viral copies. Conclusions: We determined that Hatay propolis samples have important antiviral effects compared with acyclovir. In particular, the synergy produced by antiviral activity of propolis and acyclovir combined had a stronger effect against HSV-1 and HSV-2 than acyclovir alone.
Chemical Composition of Myrtus communis L. and Proapoptotic Effects on the A549 Cell Line
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2020) Bilgic, Nilufer; Duran, Gulay Gulbol
The aim of this study was to analyze the essential oils of Myrtus communis L.from the south of Turkey by the GC/MS method and to demonstrate its proapoptotic effects on A549 cells. A549 cells were used as cell lines in the study. Cells were treated for 24 hours with a different concentration of the essential oil (from 200 to 31.25 mu g/ml). Non-toxic concentrations of essential oils of MC were determined by the MTT method. Apoptosis studies were performed within the determined non-toxic concentrations of essential oils. Expression levels of the caspase 3, caspase 8, caspase 9, Bcl-2, and p21 genes were performed by qRT-PCR method. Eucalyptol (1,8-cineole; 31.2 %) was found at the highest rate in the essential oils content, while alphapinene followed it with a rate of 29.6 %. Our results showed that essential oil concentrations of 625 mu g/ml and higher than this concentration significantly suppressed cell viability at the end of the 24-hour incubation compared to the control group. The expression levels of caspase 3 and caspase 9 genes, which are the mediators of the intrinsic pathway, increased statistically significantly at the essential oil concentration of 312.5 mu g/ml (respectively, p=0.0129 and p=0.0180). The expression level of the p21 gene was significantly increased at a concentration of 156.25 mu g/ml essential oils (p=0.0002). The essential oils of MC from the South of Turkey have been found to induce apoptosis intrinsically. These findings could be a guide in understanding the molecular mechanism underlying the anti-cancer properties of MC's essential oils on A549 cells. We think that it has the potential to be a new natural therapeutic agent for cancer treatment.
Effect of vitamin D in experimental varicocele model in rats
(Cukurova Univ, Fac Medicine, 2024) Agturk, Gokhan; Tumer, Cemil; Tutuk, Okan; Gocmen, Hatice Dogan; Ozgur, Tumay; Ozcan, Oguzhan; Duran, Gulay Gulbol
Purpose: Varicocele is a pathological condition that affects approximately 20% of adult men, causing infertility and sperm deterioration. The aim of our study was to investigate the efficacy of vitamin D (Vit. D) in the pathophysiology of varicocele. We performed biochemical, gene expression analyses and histopathological to evaluate the efficacy of vitamin D in the experimental varicocele model. Materials and Methods: In the study, 30 adult male Wistar Albino rats were used. The rats were divided into 3 groups equally as control group, experimental group (varicocele), treatment group (varicocele + D vit.). The treatment group received 500 IU/kg D vit. intramuscularly. Results: Histopathological, TRPM2-8 gene expression and biochemical analyses were performed on testicular and blood samples collected at the end of the experiment. The experimental group showed a deterioration in tubular structure, a decrease in total antioxidant levels and an increase in total oxidant levels. The treatment group, on the other hand, showed an increase in TAS, a decrease in TOS and a beneficial improvement in tubular structure disorders. Analysis of gene expression levels showed that TRPM2-8 expression levels were significantly increased in the varicocele group and decreased in the treatment group. Conclusion: In the varicocele model, the use of vitamin D had a significant effect on TRPM2-8 gene level, pathological seminiferous tubules and biochemical values. Further studies are needed to determine the clinical application of vitamin D in varicocele disease.
The Effects of Essential Oils of Nigella sativa L. on p53 Gene Expression and Cell Apoptosis in HT-29 Colon Carcinoma Cells
(Wiley, 2017) Duran, Nizami; Duran, Gulay Gulbol; Kaya, D. Alpaslan; Ay, Emrah; Demir, Enver Ahmet; Dogan, Hatice
[Abstract Not Available]
Fas and Fas ligand gene polymorphisms in Turkish patients with Familial Mediterranean Fever
(Elsevier Science Bv, 2017) Ozel, Emine Gulce; Duran, Gulay Gulbol; Celik, Muhammet Murat; Duran, Nizami; Gunesacar, Ramazan
Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) is an autosomal recessive autoinflammatory disorder characterized by recurrent fever, serositis, abdominal pain, arthritis, arthralgia and erysipelas like erythema. Fas and Fas ligand molecules play a central role in the apoptosis signaling of various cell types including neutrophils. Neutrophils are the major cell population involved in acute inflammation in patients with FMF and the role of Fas and Fas ligand molecules in this cells of FMF patients may be crucial. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to investigate whether the Fas cell surface receptor gene (FAS); NM_000043.5: c.-671A > G (rs1800682, Mval) and Fas ligand gene (FASLG), NM_000639.2: c.-844C > T (rs763110, BsrD1) functional polymorphisms in patients with FMF and their relation to the main clinical features of the disease. The polymorphisms in the promoter regions of FAS c.-671A > G and FASLG c.-844C > T were investigated in 97 non-related FMF patients and 70 non-related healthy controls by using PCR-RFLP technique. The frequencies of FAS c-671AG genotype and G allele were not significantly different between FMF patients and healthy subjects. The frequency of FASLG -844TC genotype was found significantly different between the patients with FMF and healthy controls whereas T or C allele frequency was not significantly different between the groups. Haplotype frequencies of the studied polymorphisms were also not significantly different between FMF patients and controls. There were no correlations between the studied FAS c.-671A > G and FASLG c.-844C > T polymorphisms and the main clinical features of FMF such as fever, arthritis, abdominal and chest pain, arthralgia and erysipelas-like erythema. Our findings suggest that FAS c.-671AG genotype or G allele and FASLG c.-844 allele are not to be a risk factor, whereas FASLG c.-844TC genotype may be protective in the studied Turkish population. According to our results we may suggest that although not statistically significant, higher frequencies of FASLG c.-844CC genotype in FMF patients may be related to delayed apoptosis of neutrophils and ultimately cause neutrophilic inflammation by increasing FASLG expression.
Identification of Medically Important Candida Species by Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis of the rDNA ITS1 and ITS2 Regions
(Elsevier, 2017) Bayraktar, Suphi; Duran, Nizami; Duran, Gulay Gulbol; Eryilmaz, Naciye; Aslan, Hayat; Onlen, Cansu; Ozer, Burcin
Aim: We aimed to identify the distribution of species in candidal strains isolated from clinical samples and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method based on Msp I and Bln I restrictive enzyme cuts of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products after the amplification of ITS1 and ITS2 regions of rDNA genotypically. Materials and Methods: One hundred and fifty candidal strains isolated from various clinical samples were studies/ included. Phenotypic species assessment was performed using automated VITEK-2 system and kit used with the biochemical tests. Common genomic region amplification peculiar to candidal strains was carried out using ITS1 and ITS2 primer pairs. After the amplification, PCR products were cut with Msp I and Bln I restriction enzymes for species identification. Results: The majority of Candida isolates were isolated from urine (78.6%) while other isolates were composed of strains isolated from swab, wound, blood and other samples by 11.3%, 3.3%, 2% and 4.7%, respectively. The result of RFLP analysis carried out with Msp I and Bln I restriction enzymes showed that candidal strains were Candida albicans by 45.3%, Candida glabrata by 19.3%, Candida tropicalis by 14.6%, Candida parapsilosis by 5.3%, Candida krusei by 5.3%, Candida lusitaniae by 0.6% and other candidal strains by 9.3%. Conclusion: When the ability to identify Candida to species level of phenotypic and PCR-RFLP methods was assessed, a great difference was found between these two methods. It may be argued that Msp I and Bln I restriction enzyme fragments can be used in the identification of medically important Candida species. Further studies are needed to develop this kind of restriction profile to be used in the identification of candidal strains.
In vitro antiviral effect of the essential oils of thymbra spicata L. on herpes simplex virus type 2
(2012) Duran, Nizami; Kaya, Alpaslan; Duran, Gulay Gulbol; Eryilmaz, Naciye
The essential oils of Thymbra spicata L. has been used for a long time as a folk medicine to treat a lot of diseases. In this study, we aimed to investigate the antiviral effect of The essential oils of Thymbra spicata L. against HSV-2 (Herpes Simplex Virus type 2). Aerial parts of Thymbra spicata L. were used. They harvested at full flowering stage in July 2011 from the botanical gardens, Field Crops Department of Mustafa Kemal University. Chemical analysis of Thymbra spicata L. was performed by GC-MS. In the study, HEp-2 cell line derived from human larynx cancer cells was used. Cultivation of HEp-2 cells was carried out in RPMI 1640 medium with 10% fetal calf serum at an atmosphere of 37°C with 5% CO2. The cell viability was evaluated by a tetrazolium-based colorimetric method using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT). The main components with the highest rates were carvacrol, cymol, gamaterpinene and thymol. While, typical cytopathological changes for HSV-2 on the cells was observed at low Thymbra spicata L., concentrations (10 and 20 ?g/ml), no cytopathological changes was observed at high Thymbra spicata L., concentrations (40, 80 and 160 ?g/ml). In these concentration, HSV-2 could not affect HEp-2 cells. The present results indicated that Thymbra spicata L., with a minimum concentration value of 40 ?g/ml significantly showed antiviral effect against HSV-2 compared to the control group (p<0.001). This study shows that the essential oils of Thymbra spicata L. seems to have notable antiviral activity for HSV-2. We think that this antiviral effect of the essential oils of Thymbra spicata L may be attributed the abundant components in the structure such as Carvacrol, cymol, gama-terpinene and thymol. Our results confirmed that the essential oils of Thymbra spicata L. is a potential source of new and selective agent for the treatment of HSV-2 infection. However, further studies are needed to understand its antiviral mechanism and before making a recommendation.
In vitro cytotoxic activity of Nigella sativa L. On human malignant melanoma cell lines
(Certex, INCDTP-ICPI, 2016) Duran, Nizami; Duran, Gulay Gulbol; Ay, Emrah; Kaya, Durmus¸ Alpaslan; Kaya, Madalina Georgiana Albu; Mert, Ahmet
Nigella is a medicinal plant that has various pharmacological properties. It is widely used in folk medicine to treat many diseases in the world. It was aimed to investigate the essential oils Nigella sativa L. on two human melanoma cells (A-375 and A-2058 cell lines). In this study, two different cancer cell lines (A- 375and A-2058 cell lines) and one normal cell culture (vero cells) were used. Firstly, the non-toxic concentrations the essential oils of Nigella sativa L. were determined on normal cells (Vero cell line). And then, the cytotoxicity test were applied at these non-toxic concentrations. The cytotoxic activity of the essential oils of Nigella sativa L. on the cell lines was measured by MTT and Trypan blue assays. The chemical components analyses of the Nigella sativa L. oils were carried out by GC-MS. Medically important various components of Nigella sativa L. were determined in the GC-MS analysis. Some of these components are as follows; anethole (22.97%), thymoquinone (21.36%), a-thujene (6.22%), longifolene (5.76%), trans-isoeugenol (3.55%), carvacrol (2.23%). A total of 24 compounds were identified. The essential oils of Nigella sativa L. were found to inhibit the cell proliferation of human malignant melanoma cells. The IC50 values of the essential oils of Nigella sativa L. It were investigated as compared with a standard drug (methotrexate). Statistically significant decrease on the cell proliferations was found in the cells treated with the essential oils ofNigella sativa L. It was found to be non-toxic on normal cells (on Vero cell line) at the effective concentrations of the essential oils.While the non-toxic concentrations of essential oils on Vero cell line were found to be 12.5 ?g/ml, the effective concentrations for A-375 and A-2058 cell lines were as 1.56 ?g/ml and 3.12 ?g/ml, respectively. In conclusion, the essential oils of Nigella sativa L. were found to be significantly inhibited the cell proliferation on the human melanoma cells. The effect may arise from the components situated in the structure of Nigella sativa L. such asanethole, thymoquinone, a- thujene, longifolene, trans-isoeugenol and carvacrol. These components of this plant have been found promising in the treatment for human melanomas. But further studies, especially further animal studies should be needed to explain the action mechanisms of these components. © 2016 Certex, INCDTP-ICPI.
Investigation of New Benzimidazole Derivative Compounds' Effects on A549 Cell Line
(Inst Tecnologia Parana, 2020) Duran, Gulay Gulbol; Kucuk, Meral Urhan; Algul, Oztekin; Terzi, Menderes Yusuf
Chronic inflammation is a common indication of several diseases, e.g. asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), atherosclerosis, etc. Benzimidazole derivatives are preferable compounds to design new analgesic and anti-inflammatory substances due to their unique biological features. We aimed to investigate the effect of a newly synthesized benzimidazole derivative, ORT-83, on A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cell line. ORT-83 was synthesized, and a non-cytotoxic concentration of ORT-83 on A549 cells was detected with MTT assay. To analyze the anti-inflammatory effect of ORT-83, an inflammatory cell culture model was established by stimulating A549 cell line with IL1-beta (10 ng/ml). After 2 hours of treatment with IL1-beta to induce inflammation, A549 cells were exposed to ORT-83 (0.78 mu g/ml) for 24 hours. Thereafter gene expression analyses were performed with qRT-PCR. We found that ORT-83 significantly suppressed the gene expression levels of the proinflammatory cytokines; IL-6, NFkB, and TNF-alpha. However, the increased levels of IL-10 (2.8 folds) by IL-1 beta induction did not change after ORT-83 and/or dexamethasone (Dex: positive control) treatments. While Dex; a COX-2 inhibitor, reduced the COX-2 expression level in inflammatory cells from 10.03 folds to 0.71 folds, ORT-83 reduced its level to 4.37 folds. iNOS expression levels did not change in any experimental groups. In conclusion, we showed that ORT-83 exerted its anti-inflammatory effects by repressing the gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines in the inflammation-induced A549 cell line. Although ORT-83 had a weaker COX-2 inhibitory effect compared to Dex, it was shown to be still a strong anti-inflammatory compound.
Investigation of NRF-1 Genotypes and ACE Gene Polymorphismin Elite Athletes
(Wiley-Blackwell, 2016) Tumer, Cemil; Duran, Gulay Gulbol; Yildirim, Yunus; Demir, Enver Ahmet; Tutuk, Okan; Sefil, Fatih; Duran, Nizami
[Abstract Not Available]
Investigation of the Relation Between FAS, FASLG Polymorphisms and Serum Fas, FasL Levels in Patients with Psoriasis
(Univ Press, 2018) Duran, Gulay Gulbol; Kasap, Mulkiye; Gunesacar, Ramazan; Dogramaci, Asena Cigdem; Denli, Yasar Gul
Background: Psoriasis is a multifactorial and inflammatory chronic skin disease indicated with T-cell-mediated keratinocyte hyper-proliferation. Demographic, epidemiological (family, twin), serological, and genetic studies have clearly demonstrated that psoriasis is a polygenic and multifactorial disease. Aim: The objectives of the study are; to determine the prevalence of the polymorphisms of FAS (Fas cell surface receptor gene) -671 A>G (rs: 1800682) and FASLG (Fas ligand gene) -844 T>C (rs: 763110), to investigate the serum levels of sFas and sFasL, and also to discover any relationship between gene polymorphisms and serum levels in psoriatic patients. Material and Methods: 50 treated and 69 untreated patients, and 140 healthy controls were included in the study. Polymorphisms were determined using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique. The serum levels were measured in randomly selected treated (39) and untreated (40) patients, also in 84 healthy controls using micro-ELISA technique. Results: There was no statistical difference between polymorphisms in the patient and control groups. However, sFas and sFasL levels in both treated and untreated patients were higher than that of the controls. Conclusion: The investigated FAS and FASLG polymorphisms were not found to be directly associated with the psoriasis. Elevated sFas and sFasL levels in psoriatic patients showed that these factors may possess a significant role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis.
The relationship between acute coronary artery diseases with c-reactive protein +1059 G/C and angiotensin-converting enzyme I/D gene polymorphisms
(E-Century Publishing Corporation, 2016) Duran, Gulay Gulbol; Fansa, Iyad; Duran, Nizami; Jenedi, Kemal; Onlen, Cansu; Miraloglu, Meral; Yigin, Akin
Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the presence of an association between the CRP +1059 G/C and ACE I/D gene polymorphisms and patients who were diagnosed to have acute coronary syndrome and underwent coronary angiography. Methods: A total of 126 patients (mean age: 60.0±12.9) and 144 healthy individuals (mean age: 52.1±13.0) were included to this study. The presence of CRP +1059 G/C and ACE I/D gene polymorphisms were analyzed using the RFLP method. Results: When the patient and control groups were evaluated in terms of ACE I/D gene polymorphism, no statistically significant difference was found in the frequency of ACE DD and ACE ID between the two groups (P>0.05), while the percentage of ACE II genotype was statistically significantly higher in the patient group compared with the control group (P<0.032). For the distribution of CRP G/C genotype; CRP GG, CRP GC and CRP CC genotype frequencies were similar in the patient and control groups (P>0.05). When the presence of the ACE I/D genotype and CRP G/C genotype was compared in patients with vessel disease (one vessel, two vessels and three vessels) among the patients with coronary artery diseases with the control group, statistically significant differences were found between the two groups (P<0.05). In addition, the frequency of the ACE I/D genotype in hypertensive patients with coronary artery disease was statistically significantly higher (P<0.033). Also, the frequency of the CRP +1059 G/C genotype was found to be statistically significantly higher in the patient group (P<0.026). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that CRP +1059 G/C and ACE I/D gene polymorphisms may be a genetic marker associated with coronary artery disease in patients diagnosed with ACS. © 2016, E-Century Publishing Corporation. All rights reserved.
The relationship between acute coronary artery diseases with c-reactive protein+1059 G/C and angiotensin-converting enzyme I/D gene polymorphisms
(E-Century Publishing Corp, 2016) Duran, Gulay Gulbol; Fansa, Iyad; Duran, Nizami; Jenedi, Kemal; Onlen, Cansu; Miraloglu, Meral; Yigin, Akin
Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the presence of an association between the CRP + 1059 G/C and ACE I/D gene polymorphisms and patients who were diagnosed to have acute coronary syndrome and underwent coronary angiography. Methods: A total of 126 patients (mean age: 60.0 +/- 12.9) and 144 healthy individuals (mean age: 52.1 +/- 13.0) were included to this study. The presence of CRP + 1059 G/C and ACE I/D gene polymorphisms were analyzed using the RFLP method. Results: When the patient and control groups were evaluated in terms of ACE I/D gene polymorphism, no statistically significant difference was found in the frequency of ACE DD and ACE ID between the two groups (P>0.05), while the percentage of ACE II genotype was statistically significantly higher in the patient group compared with the control group (P<0.032). For the distribution of CRP G/C genotype; CRP GG, CRP GC and CRP CC genotype frequencies were similar in the patient and control groups (P>0.05). When the presence of the ACE I/D genotype and CRP G/C genotype was compared in patients with vessel disease (one vessel, two vessels and three vessels) among the patients with coronary artery diseases with the control group, statistically significant differences were found between the two groups (P<0.05). In addition, the frequency of the ACE I/D genotype in hypertensive patients with coronary artery disease was statistically significantly higher (P<0.033). Also, the frequency of the CRP + 1059 G/C genotype was found to be statistically significantly higher in the patient group (P<0.026). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that CRP + 1059 G/C and ACE I/D gene polymorphisms may be a genetic marker associated with coronary artery disease in patients diagnosed with ACS.
Relationship between the resistance genes to quaternary ammonium compounds and antibiotic resistance in staphylococci isolated from surgical site infections
(Int Scientific Information, Inc, 2014) Temiz, Muhyittin; Duran, Nizami; Duran, Gulay Gulbol; Eryilmaz, Naciye; Jenedi, Kemal
Background: We aimed to investigate the prevalence of disinfectant resistance genes (qacA/qacB, qacC) and the aminoglycosides resistance genes [(aac(6') aph(2 ''), aph(3')-IIIa, ant(4')-Ia)] in both S. aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococcal strains (CoNS) isolated from surgical site infections. Material/Methods: Totally, 130 staphylococcal strains isolated from surgical site infections between January 2012 and February 2013 were included in the study. The PCR technique was employed to verify any presence of methicillin resistance gene (mecA), aminoglycoside resistance genes [(aac(6')/aph (2 ''), aph(3)-III a ant (4')-1a)], and disinfectant resistance genes (qacA/qacB, qacC) in staphylococci. Results: MecA gene was determined in 58 (44.6%) of 130 staphylococcal isolates. A total of 28 (73.7%) of 38 S. aureus isolates were found to be positive for the mecA gene, and 4 (12.9%) of 31 isolates sensitive to amikacin were sensitive to methicillin. Eighteen (47.4%) of 38 amikacin-resistant S. aureus isolates were found to be positive for qacA/qacB genes and 11 (8.9%) of them were positive for qacC gene. Both mecA and qacA/qacB genes were found to be positive at the same time in 19 amikacin-resistant S. aureus strains. Seven (18.4%) S. aureus isolates were determined to be positive for qacA/qacB and qacC genes. Frequency of qacA/B genes was found to be 47.4% among amikacin-resistant S. aureus strains, while qacC gene was found to be 28.9% (p<0.05). The ratio of qacA/B and qacC genes in CoNS was found to be 37.9% and 20.7%, respectively (p<0.05). Conclusions: Quaternary ammonium resistance genes were found to be positive at a remarkable ratio in the staphylococcal isolates from surgical wounds. Especially, the high rates of aminoglycosides and methicillin-resistance gene was remarkable in S. aureus isolates. Quaternary ammonium resistance genes were found to be positive.
Spectrum of a-thalassemia mutations including first observation of - -FIL deletion in Hatay Province, Turkey
(Academic Press Inc Elsevier Science, 2013) Celik, Muhammet Murat; Gunesacar, Ramazan; Oktay, Gonul; Duran, Gulay Gulbol; Kaya, Hasan
Alpha thalassemia (alpha-thal) is one of the most common genetic disorders in the world. It is characterized by the absence or reduced expression of alpha-globin genes. The frequency of alpha-thal mutations in the province of Hatay in South Turkey is unknown. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to investigate the spectrum of alpha-thal mutations in this province. Three hundred and nine patients were tested for alpha-thal mutations by using reverse dot blot hybridization technique and nine different mutations were detected in 97 of them. Among the 9 different mutations found, the most frequent mutations were the -alpha(3.7) (43.81%), -alpha 2(-5nt) (6.70%), - -(MED) (5.67%) and alpha 2(Poly) (A2) (2.57%). In the present study, - -(FIL) mutation was detected in a patient for the first time in Turkey. Our results indicated that alpha-thal mutations are highly heterogeneous and -alpha(3.7) is the most prevalent mutation in Hatay province of South Turkey. In addition, - -(FIL) mutation was detected in a patient for the first time in Turkey. This new finding may contribute to the establishment of a national mutation database and genetic counseling. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Synergistic activities of the essential oils Hypericum perforatum with methotrexate on human breast cancer cell line MCF-7
(Certex, INCDTP-ICPI, 2016) Duran, Gulay Gulbol; Duran, Nizami; Ay, Emrah; Kaya, Durmus Alpaslan; Kaya, Madalina Georgiana Albu
Hypericum perforatum (Hypericaceae) is a perennial plant usually known as “Sarikantaron“ that has been reported to have various important biological activities.In this present study, it was aimed to (I) identify the components (ii) show the synergistic activities of the essential oils Hypericum perforatum with methotrexate on human breast cancer cell line MCF-7. A normal [Madin-Darby Bovine Kidney (MDBK) cell line] and a cancer cell line [Human breast adenocarcinoma cell line (MCF-7)] were used in this study. The cell culture were treated with various concentrations of Hypericum perforatum's oils. The cytotoxic activity of the essential oils of Hypericum perforatum on the cell lines was measured using the MTT method and the results were evaluated as IC50. In this study, the presence of trans-caryophyllene, germacrene-D, ?-pinene, trans-cadina-1,4-diene, ?- Selinene, caryophyllene oxide and ?-Selinene were identified as major constituents of Hypericum perforatum's oils. The essential oils of Hypericum perforatum also exhibited anticancer activities against MCF-7 cells. The IC50 values of the essential oils, MTX and the essentialoilsplus MTX weredetermined as 0.78, 6.25 and 0.195 ?g/ml, respectively, But, the essential oils of Hypericum perforatum was found to be non-cytotoxic for MDBK cells. In conclusion, the essential oils of Hypericum perforatum was chemically characterized and ?-muurolene, ?-cadinene, germacrene B, a-copaene, germacrene D, bicyclogermacrene, and (E)-caryophyllene were found to be major constituents. The essential oils of Hypericum perforatum possess significant in vitro anticancer potential. The essential oils of Hypericum perforatum with MTX found to be significant effective against breast cancer cells. Further studies especially in vivo anticancer properties of Hypericum perforatum should be searched. These compounds found to be very promising compounds in the treatment of cancer therapy. © 2016 Certex, INCDTP-ICPI.
Synthesis and anti-proliferative activity of fluoro-substituted chalcones
(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2016) Burmaoglu, Serdar; Algul, Oztekin; Anil, Derya Aktas; Gobek, Arzu; Duran, Gulay Gulbol; Ersan, Ronak Haj; Duran, Nizami
A series of novel fluoro-substituted chalcone derivatives have been synthesized. All synthesized compounds were characterized by H-1 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), C-13 NMR, and elemental analysis. Their anti-proliferative activities were evaluated against five cancer cells lines, namely, A549, A498, HeLa, A375, and HepG2 using the MTT method. Most of the compounds showed moderate to high activity with IC50 values in the range of 0.029-0.729 mu M. Of all the synthesized compounds, 10 and 19 exhibited the most potent anti-proliferative activities against cancer cells, and 10 was identified as the most promising compound. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Virulence Factors in Staphylococci Isolated From Nasal Cavities of Footballers
(Elsevier Science Inc, 2016) Duran, Nizami; Yildirim, Yunus; Duran, Gulay Gulbol; Pasa, Ozgur; Kilinc, Cetin; Yildirim, Irfan; Eryilmaz, Naciye
Aim: This study aimed to investigate the rate of Panton-Valentine Leukocidin producing Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin (mecA) and slime (icaA/icaD) genes in staphylococcal strains isolated from nasal cavities of footballers. Materials and Methods: Nasal swab samples were taken from each footballers and a healthy control group for the isolation of staphylococcal strains. The polymerase chain reaction technique was used to determine Panton-Valentine Leukocidin, mecA and icaA/icaD genes in staphylococcal isolates. Results: Among 91 S. aureus strains, the presence of mecA gene was detected as 9.9%. This ratio was 17.9% (27 of 151) among the coagulase-negative staphylococci. A significant difference was found between coagulase-negative staphylococci and S. aureus isolates regarding the presence of mecA gene (P < 0.001). As for the genes of the slime, icaA/icaD genes were detected in 198 of 242 (81.8%) strains. The occurrence of slime genes was 91.2% and 89.4% among the S. aureus coagulase and negative staphylococci, respectively (P > 0.05). There was a statistically significant difference between the frequency of the mecA and slime genes when compared with the healthy control group and the football players (P < 0.01). Of 91 isolates, 22 were found to be methicillin resistant by the oxacillin disc diffusion method, whereas the remaining (220) were methicillin susceptible. Methicillin resistance was detected as 14.9% by the polymerase chain reaction method, whereas it was found as 9.1% by phenotypic methods. Conclusions: Early and accurate diagnosis of virulent staphylococcal strains is crucial because the virulent coagulase-negative and coagulase-positive staphylococcal strains in the nasal floras of footballers may be major potential sources of superficial and deep tissue infections.

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