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Öğe Antibacterial activity of calcium hydroxide combined with triple antibiotic paste against enterococcus faecalis; An in vitro study(2013) Kusgoz, Adem; Ozcan, Erhan; Arslan, Ipek; Inci, MelekObjectives: The aim of the present in vitro study was to investigate the antibacterial efficacy of calcium hydroxide mixed with triple antibiotic paste at various rates. Materials and Methods: Triple antibiotic paste (TAP; metronidizol, minocycline, ciprofloxacin) and calcium hydroxide powder was mixed in different proportions and tested for antibacterial activity against E. faecalis (ATCC 29212)using the agar diffusion method. The samples were divided into 10 different groups;Group 1: 100% Ca(OH)2, Group 2: 99,5% Ca(OH)2 + 0.5% TAP, Group 3: 99% Ca(OH)2 + 1%TAP, Group 4: 97,5% Ca(OH)2 + 2,5% TAP, Group 5: 95% Ca(OH)2 + 5%TAP, Group 6: 90% Ca(OH)2 + 10%TAP, Group 7: 75% Ca(OH)2 + 25% TAP, Group 8: 50% Ca(OH)2 + 50% TAP, Group 9: 25% Ca(OH)2 + 75% TAP, Group 10: %100 TAP. Standard holes in the cultivated agar plates were filled with one of the samples and the zones of microbial inhibition were measured after incubation period (48 hours). The experiment was performed 8 times with each medicament. Results: Group 1 had no effect against E.faecalis. Group 10 demonstrated high antibacterial activity than any other groups in this study. The antibacterial effects of the groups could be ranked from strongest to weakest as follows: Group 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1. Conclusions: Adding the triple antibiotic paste increased he antibacterial efficacy of calcium hydroxide. In addition, the antibacterial effect of calcium hydroxide also increased with higher proportion of TAP.Öğe Antibiotic Resistance and Investigation of IMP-1, IMP-2, VIM-1 and VIM-2 Metallo-?-Lactamases in Acinetobacter Strains Isolated From Clinical Samples(Aves, 2015) Ocak, Merve; Ozer, Burcin; Inci, Melek; Duran, NizamiObjective: It was aimed to investigate the presence of metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL) production and bla (IMP-1), bla (IMP-2,) bla (VIM-1) and bla (VIM-2) genes in Acinetobacter strains isolated from clinical samples. Methods: 150 Acinetobacter strains isolated from clinical samples which were sent to microbiology laboratory from March 2009 to June 2012 were included in the study. The antimicrobial susceptibilities of the strains were determined using automated system, and production of metallo-beta-lactamase was investigated via Etest (R). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was used for determining the bla (IMP-1), bla (IMP-2), bla (VIM-1) and bla (VIM-2) genes. Results: 94% of strains were Acinetobacter baumannii and, 6% of strains were A. lwoffii. The strains were mostly susceptible to gentamicin (41.3%), amikacin (36.7%), and imipenem (25.3%), while they were resistant to ceftriaxone (92%), levofloxacin (84.7%), ceftazidime (84%), and piperacillintazobactam (84%). Sixty seven (44.7%) of the strains were MBL-positive via Etest (R), and these strains were detected more resistant to imipenem, meropenem, ceftazidime, and ceftriaxone. No bla (IMP-1), bla (IMP-2), bla (VIM-1) and bla (VIM-2) genes were detected. Conclusions: While MBL production was detected in 44.7% of Acinetobacter strains, bla (IMP-1), bla (IMP-2,) bla (VIM-1) and bla (VIM-2) genes were not determined.Öğe Antifungal activity of several root canal sealers against Candida albicans(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2013) Ozcan, Erhan; Yula, Erkan; Arslanoglu, Zeki; Inci, MelekObjective. The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the antifungal activity of several root canal sealers (iRoot SP, MTA Fillapex and GuttaFlow) against Candida albicans and compare them to that of AH Plus Jet. Materials and methods. A10 mu L fungi in suspension was allowed to directly contact the sealers, which were freshly mixed or allowed to set for 1 or 7 days. Fresh media was then added and survival of fungi was determined by using 10-fold serial dilution and inoculated onto agar plates. After incubation for 48 h, colony-forming units (CFU) were calculated and their log(10) values converted. The data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey tests (alpha = 0.05). Results. Freshly mixed AH Plus Jet totally inhibited the growth of fungi and showed the highest antifungal activity. GuttaFlow did not show any significant antifungal activity at all times. Freshly mixed iRoot SP and MTA Fillapex were found to be antifungal. Statistical differences were found between freshly mixed and set samples (p < 0.05) in favor of the former, except GuttaFlow. No statistically significant differences were found among the tested sealers at the 1 and 7-day samples (p > 0.05). Conclusions. Fresh AH Plus Jet had very potent antifungal activity. All sealers, except GuttaFlow, exhibited antifungal activity when freshly mixed.Öğe A case of acute hemorrhagic cystitis caused by salmonella paratyphi a in a pediatric patient(2012) Yula, Erkan; Deveci, Ozcan; Toka-Ozer, Turkan; Tekin, Alicem; Inci, Melek; Karakus, AliIt is a very rare medical condition that Urinary tract infection (UTI) caused by Salmonella species. Seven-year-old boy admitted to our hospital with complaint of lower abdominal pain, burning and pain during urination (dysuria), nausea and increased fever. The patient had normal vital signs but abdominal examination revealed bilateral suprapubic tenderness. In the laboratory, it was found the amount of hemoglobin 12.9 g/dL, red blood cell count 4.8 million/mm3, white blood cell count 11.800/mm3, platelet count 275.000/mm3, level of C-reactive protein 30.2 mg/L, serologically S. paratyphi A "O" antibody (1/160) and S. paratyphi A "H" antibody (1/320) positivity. Urine examination showed gross hematuria and leukocyte esterase was positive. Urine culture was performed and isolate obtained urine culture was identified with conventional methods. Result of urine culture was reported as Salmonella species and isolate was determined as Salmonella paratyphi A by using anti-sera during the advanced identification. Results of radiological imaging were found normal. The patient was diagnosed as acute hemorrhagic cystitis caused by S. paratyphi A and received ceftriaxone treatment for seven days and had a full recovery. We conclude that in case of acute hemorrhagic cystitis, S. paratyphi A should be considered as causative agent in endemic areas.Öğe Comparing seropositivity of HBV, HCV and HIV in health care workers with those admitted to hospital(2010) Özer, Burçin; Inci, Melek; Duran, Nizami; Sapan, Eyüp; Alagöz, Gülcan Erkaslan; Motor, Vicdan KöksaldiThe aim of this study is to compare the seropositivity of HBV, HCV and HIV in health care workers of Mustafa Kemal University Hospital with the people admitted to hospital. In the study 230 health care workers and 499 controls who admitted to the hospital with several complaints, totally 729 people were included between November 2009 and January 2010. hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), Hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs), HCV antibody (anti-HCV) and HIV antigen and antibody (HIV Ag/Ab) were investigated using electrochemiluminescent immunological method (Elecsys 2010, Roche, Japan) in blood samples obtained from subjects. The seropositivity of HBsAg was found 0.4%, in health care workers while it was found as 5.8% in controls, and the seropositivity of anti-HBs was found 57.8% in health care workers while it was found 37.5 % in controls (p=0.001 and p=0.001). The seropositivity of anti-HCV was found 0.4% in health care workers and 2.6% in patients (p=0.001). The positivity of HIV Ag/Ab was not observed in both groups. The higher seropositivity of HBsAg and Anti-HCV in controls than health care workers showed that infections can be transmitted via blood and body fuids of patients. Higher surface antibody rates in health care workers might be an indicator of success of immunization against hepatitis B. The health care workers should accept all blood and body fuid of patients as contaminated and take necessary preventive measure. © 2010 OMÜ Tüm Haklari Saklidir.Öğe COMPARISON OF ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE OF ACINETOBACTER AND PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA STRAINS ISOLATED FROM INTENSIVE CARE UNITS WITH OTHER CLINICS(Carbone Editore, 2016) Ozer, Burcin; Inci, Melek; Duran, Nizami; Kurtgoz, Seyda; Alagoz, Gulcan; Pasa, Ozgur; Kilinc, CetinIntroduction: Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas strains lead to serious and nosocomial infections in intensive care units (ICUs) and the other clinics. Resistance of these bacteria against to antibiotics, in particular is emerging as a very significant in intensive care units. The factors which affect the increase in resistance to antimicrobial drugs are the high probability of encountering antimicrobial resistant microorganisms and empiric antimicrobial treatment. Materials and methods: The bacterial culture results of clinical specimens sent to Microbiology Laboratory of Mustafa Kemal University Hospital in five year period were examined retrospectively. Antimicrobial susceptibility of the bacteria of genus Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from these specimens were analyzed. The antibiotic resistance of P. aeruginosa and Acinetobacter strains isolated from ICUs and those isolated from other clinics was compared. Results: In five-year period, 772 P. aeruginosa and 971 Acinetobacter spp. were isolated from the specimens. Twenty-three percent of P. aeruginosa strains and 49.3% of Acinetobacter spp. were isolated from the patients in intensive care units. 628 (64.7%) of Acinetobacter and 92 (11.9%) of P. aeruginosa strains were found to be Multidrug Resistant (MDR). The ratios of multidrug-resistance in Acinetobacter strains isolated from the patients in ICUs were found to be higher than those in P. aeruginosa strains isolated from the patients in intensive care units. MDR ratio of these bacteria isolated in ICUs was higher than that isolated in the other clinics. Conclusion: Acinetobacter strains isolated from the patients in ICUs were determined to be more resistant than those isolated from the patients in other clinics while Pseudomonas strains isolated from the other clinics, were more resistant than those isolated from the patients hospitalized in ICUs. The ratio of MDR bacteria was higher in ICUs than that in other clinics.Öğe Comparison of antibiotic resistance of acinetobacter and pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from intensive care units with other clinics(A. CARBONE Editore, 2016) Ozer, Burcin; Inci, Melek; Duran, Nizami; Kurtgoz, Seyda; Alagoz, Gulcan; Pasa, Ozgur; Kilinc, CetinIntroduction: Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas strains lead to serious and nosocomial infections in intensive care units (ICUs) and the other clinics. Resistance of these bacteria against to antibiotics, in particular is emerging as a very significant in intensive care units. The factors which affect the increase in resistance to antimicrobial drugs are the high probability of encountering antimicrobial resistant microorganisms and empiric antimicrobial treatment. Materials and methods: The bacterial culture results of clinical specimens sent to Microbiology Laboratory of Mustafa Kemal University Hospital in five year period were examined retrospectively. Antimicrobial susceptibility of the bacteria of genus Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from these specimens were analyzed. The antibiotic resistance of P. aeruginosa and Acinetobacter strains isolated from ICUs and those isolated from other clinics was compared. Results: In five-year period, 772 P. aeruginosa and 971 Acinetobacter spp. were isolated from the specimens. Twenty-three percent of P. aeruginosa strains and 49.3% of Acinetobacter spp. were isolated from the patients in intensive care units. 628 (64.7%) of Acinetobacter and 92 (11.9%) of P. aeruginosa strains were found to be Multidrug Resistant (MDR). The ratios of multidrug-resistance in Acinetobacter strains isolated from the patients in ICUs were found to be higher than those in P. aeruginosa strains isolated from the patients in intensive care units. MDR ratio of these bacteria isolated in ICUs was higher than that isolated in the other clinics. Conclusion: Acinetobacter strains isolated from the patients in ICUs were determined to be more resistant than those isolated from the patients in other clinics while Pseudomonas strains isolated from the other clinics, were more resistant than those isolated from the patients hospitalized in ICUs. The ratio of MDR bacteria was higher in ICUs than that in other clinics.Öğe Detection of primary clarithromycin resistance of Helicobacter pylori and association between cagA+ status and clinical outcome(Springer, 2013) Yula, Erkan; Nagiyev, Togrul; Kaya, Ozlem Aycan; Inci, Melek; Celik, M. Murat; Koksal, FatihHelicobacter pylori was examined in 110 patients (82 (74.5) with gastritis, 18 (16.4) with duodenitis, six (5.5) with duodenal ulcer and gastroesophageal reflux, and four (3.6 %) with normal) with gastrointestinal problems living in rural area, no history of macrolide use, and detected by culture (71.8) or direct detection from gastric biopsies by PCR (82.7 %). Also, cagA gene was identified using PCR and was found positive in 68/91 (74.7 %) strains. The prevalence of clarithromycin-resistant H. pylori was investigated by two methods including PCR-RFLP (7.7 (A2142G 1.1 and A2143G 6.6 %)) and twofold agar dilution (8.9 %) to detect phenotypic and genotypic status simultaneously. Among all the H. pylori positive patients, eight (8.8 %) isolates were found to be resistant to clarithromycin by at least one of the AD and/or PCR-RFLP methods. H. pylori positive rates were significantly correlated with patients' sex, age, and endoscopic findings (p = 0.040, < 0.001 and < 0.001, respectively). There were no differences in gender or endoscopic findings related to cagA (+) and cagA (-) patients. The gene of cagA was not significantly helpful in predicting the clinical outcome of H. pylori infection alone. In conclusion, we revealed that there was a low prevalence of primer clarithromycin resistance in patients living in rural area with no history of macrolide use. The prevalence of mutant strains among the macrolide-resistant H. pylori varies even geographically between close provinces.Öğe Determination of CTX-M beta-lactamase in escherichia coli strains isolated from clinical samples(EDIMES Edizioni Medico Scientifiche, 2015) Yavuz, Basak; Ozer, Burcin; Inci, Melek; Duran, NizamiThe aim of this study was to determine the ESBL with phenotypic tests and investigate the blaCTX-M genes with the PCR method in Escherichia coli strains. The presence of ESBL in E. coli strains was determined with the Vitek 2 automated system. ESBL-positive 100 and ESBL-negative 50 E. coli strains were included in the study. The ESBL disk diffusion screening test (DDST) and the combined disk confirmation tests (CDCT) were performed on these strains and the results of these tests were compared with each other. blaCTX-M genes were investigated with the PCR method. The results of CDCT-CAZ/CZC and CDCT-CTX/CTC were found to be consistent in 90% of strains. Those of the automated system, DDST and CDCT-CAZ/CZC were compatible with each other in 83.3% of strains. Also the results of the automated system and CDCT-CTX/CTC were found to be compatible in 83.3% of strains. Based on PCR, blaCTX-M genes were found in 67.3% of 150 strains. According to the order of frequency, 46%, 38.7%, 20%, 7.3% of strains were determined to carry groups I, IV, II and III, respectively. © 2015, EDIMES Edizioni Medico Scientifiche. All rights reserved.Öğe The Evaluation of the Seroprevalence of HBV and HCV Infections in Patients with Hemodialysis in Hatay City and the Assessment of Antibody Response to Hepatitis B Vaccination(Galenos Publ House, 2010) Evirgen, Omer; Onlen, Yusuf; Motor, Vicdan Koksaldi; Mahsereci, Erkan; Inci, Melek; Sahin, SulePatients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) being treated with hemodialysis (HD) usually require frequent blood transfusions and hospitalizations. Therefore, they are at high risk of hepatitis. Because of infection control programs and regular vaccinations in dialysis centers, a decrease in the prevalence of hepatitis due to HBV and HCV infections is observed in these units. The present study aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of HBV and HCV infections in patients with HD in dialysis centers of Hatay city and to assess antibody response to hepatitis B vaccination. A total of 801 HD patients were included in the study between January 01 and December 31, 2009 from seven HD centers. Data were obtained from the files retrospectively. HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HCV seropositivity of the patient's samples were analyzed by enzyme immunoassay method. Of the 801 HD patients included, 480 (59.9%) were male and 321 (40.1%) were female. The mean age of the patients was 58.2 +/- 14.9 years (range, 10-98 years). HBsAg was positive in 29 (3.6%) patients and anti-HCV was positive in 76 (9.5%) patients. Five (0.6%) patients had both HBsAg and anti-HCV positivity. Of the 712 patients whose anti-HBs data were available, 578 (72.2%) patients were anti-HBs positive, whereas 134 (16.7%) were not. In the present study, although a lower hepatitis B and C prevalence was found in Hatay city compared with the previous studies conducted in Turkey, our results were similar reported for European countries. However, viral hepatitis is still an important health problem in HD patients. Infection control programs, vaccination, the education of the patients and health staff may decrease the incidence ofnewinfections.Öğe Identification and molecular epidemiology of dermatophyte isolates by repetitive-sequence-PCR-based DNA fingerprinting using the DiversiLab system in Turkey(Wiley, 2017) Koc, A. Nedret; Atalay, Mustafa A.; Inci, Melek; Sariguzel, Fatma M.; Sav, HafizeDermatophyte species, isolation and identification in clinical samples are still difficult and take a long time. The identification and molecular epidemiology of dermatophytes commonly isolated in a clinical laboratory in Turkey by repetitive sequence-based PCR (rep-PCR) were assessed by comparing the results with those of reference identification. A total of 44 dermatophytes isolated from various clinical specimens of 20 patients with superficial mycoses in Kayseri and 24 patients in Hatay were studied. The identification of dermatophyte isolates was based on the reference identification and rep-PCR using the DiversiLab System (BioMerieux). The genotyping of dermatophyte isolates from different patients was determined by rep-PCR. In the identification of dermatophyte isolates, agreement between rep-PCR and conventional methods was 87.8 % ( 36 of 41). The dermatophyte strains belonged to four clones (A -D) which were determined by the use of rep-PCR. The dermatophyte strains in Clone B, D showed identical patterns with respect to the region. In conclusion, rep-PCR appears to be useful for evaluation of the identification and clonal relationships between Trichophyton rubrum species complex and Trichophyton mentagrophytes species complex isolates. The similarity and diversity of these isolates may be assessed according to different regions by rep-PCR.Öğe [Investigating Demodex folliculorum in patients with urological cancer].(2012) Inci, Mehmet; Kaya, Ozlem Aycan; Inci, Melek; Yula, Erkan; Gökçe, Hasan; Rifaio?lu, M Murat; Demirtaş, OnurIn this study, it was aimed to determine frequency of Demodex folliculorum infestation in patients with urological cancers. This study evaluated 49 patients with urological cancers; 31 sex-matched healthy individuals as a control group were included in the study between March 2011 and April 2012 at the Hospital of Mustafa Kemal University, School of Medicine, Urology Clinic. The demographic characteristics of the patients were recorded. Samples from the perineal region of the subjects were taken by standard method of superficial skin biopsy and evaluated by microscopy. Presence of five or more Demodex sp. in a cm < sup > 2 < /sup > was considered as positive. Mean age was found to be 60.2±18.6 years. D. folliculorum was found to be positive in 11 (22.4%) of the patients with cancer and in 1 (3.2%) of the subjects in the control group. It was found that D. folliculorum frequency was significantly higher in the cancer group compared to the control group. No significant difference was found among the cancer groups in terms of D. folliculorum detection. In the cancer group, mean age was significantly higher in D. folliculorum positive patients than negative ones. It should be kept in mind that D. folliculorum incidence may increase in immunosuppressive states, such as cancer.Öğe Investigating virulence factors of clinical Candida isolates in relation to atmospheric conditions and genotype(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2012) Inci, Melek; Atalay, Mustafa Altay; Koc, Ayse Nedret; Yula, Erkan; Evirgen, Omer; Durmaz, Suleyman; Demir, GoncaAim: To investigate some virulence factors in Candida species isolated from patients with suspected invasive fungal infection and to identify their relationship with Candida genotypes. Materials and methods: Overall 45 isolates (20 Candida albicans and 25 non-albicans Candida spp.) genotyped by rep-PCR were included in this study. Virulence factors were studied in both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. In isolates, egg yolk agar was used for determining phospholipase activity, while bovine serum albumin agar was used for proteinase activity, Tween-80 medium for esterase activity, and Sabouraud dextrose agar with sheep blood for hemolysin activity. Biofilm formation was detected by the microplate method. Results: In both Candida spp., it was found that hemolytic activity and proteinase activity were higher in aerobic conditions, whereas biofilm formation was higher in anaerobic conditions. It was also found that phospholipase and esterase activity were only detected in C. albicans isolates, which were found to be higher in aerobic conditions. No difference was found in virulence factors evaluated among the C. albicans genotypes. Conclusion: The amount of oxygen in the atmosphere may affect the virulence of Candida spp. Further comprehensive studies are needed in order to identify the relationship between Candida genotypes and virulence factors.Öğe Investigation of Parvovirus B19 Seroprevalence, Endothelin-1 Synthesis, and Nitric Oxide Levels in the Etiology of Essential Hypertension(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2012) Motor, Vicdan Koksaldi; Arica, Secil; Motor, Sedat; Yilmaz, Nigar; Evirgen, Omer; Inci, Melek; Gokce, CumaliBackground and Aims: Many studies have focused on the role of pathogen infection in hypertension (HT). It has been postulated that increased vascular tonus in HT is basically related to the imbalance between vasodilator, such as nitric oxide (NO), and vasoconstrictor, such as endothelin-1 (ET-1), substances secreted by endothelium. The aim of the present study was to investigate the seroprevalence of human parvovirus B19 (HPV B19) in the etiology of essential HT and the effect of HPV B19 on ET-1 and NO levels in this disorder. Materials and Methods: A total of 135 participants were enrolled in the study (90 patient and 45 controls). Antibodies to HPV B19 and ET-1 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Nitric oxide levels were calculated according to the Griess reaction. Results: Of the total participants, 27 patients (30%) and 7 control subjects (15.6%) had IgM positive (P = .068), whereas 27 patients (30%) and 14 control subjects (31.1%) had IgG positive (P = .895). There was no statistical difference between patients and control subjects in terms of serum ET-1 and NO levels. Conclusions: The role of HPV B19 in the etiology of essential HT was not shown in the present study. A larger sample may be needed for the investigation of these relations.Öğe The Investigation of Total PSA, Free PSA, and Free/Total PSA Ratio in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis Patients According to Child-Pugh Score(Elsevier Science Inc, 2013) Inci, Mehmet; Rifaioglu, Murat Mehmet; Inci, Melek; Celik, Murat; Demir, Mehmet; Ulutas, Turker; Davarci, MurselOBJECTIVE To investigate the total prostate-specific antigen (tPSA), free PSA (fPSA), and free/total PSA (fPSA/tPSA) ratio in patients with liver cirrhosis (LC) according to the severity of hepatic insufficiency. METHODS Eighty-two male patients with LC were studied. The severity of liver disease was categorized by Child-Pugh score (Child-Pugh A, B, and C). Forty-two age-matched healthy subjects were used as a control group. The tPSA, fPSA, fPSA/tPSA ratio, total prostate volume (TPV), total testosterone (TT), and total protein (TP) were measured. The LC group was compared with the control group in terms of these parameters. In addition, intra-comparison and inter-comparison was made between all the Child-Pugh groups and normal subjects, in terms of these parameters. RESULTS The tPSA and fPSA levels in LC cases, Child-Pugh A, Child-Pugh B, and Child-Pugh C groups were significantly decreased compared with the control group. The ratio of fPSA/tPSA in the LC subjects and Child-Pugh A groups significantly increased compared with the control group. TT, TP levels, and TPV in patients with LC were significantly lower compared with the control group and the results were significantly correlated with the Child-Pugh score. CONCLUSION The present study reveals that tPSA and fPSA were decreased in patients with LC in comparison to healthy subjects in terms of 3 mechanisms. First, it might be due to shrunken prostatic volume. Second, it also resulted in decreased levels of testosterone because of the abnormality of hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis. Third, it might be the diminished serum protein level in the composition of the PSA. UROLOGY 81: 617-622, 2013. (c) 2013 Elsevier Inc.Öğe Molecular epidemiology and risk factors in extended-spectrum beta lactamase positive and quinolone-resistant Escherichia coli strains isolated from urinary tract infections(A. CARBONE Editore, 2015) Kilinc, Cetin; Inci, Melek; Yula, Erkan; Ozer, Burcin; Duran, Nizami; Durmaz, Suleyman; Kaya, Yusuf SelimIntroduction: The study was designed to investigate the epidemiology, risk factors, and clonal relationships in extended-spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL)-positive and quinolone resistant Escherichia coli strains isolated from urinary tract infections. Materials and methods: The study included 96 E. coli strains isolated from urine samples and identified as the infection agent. All the strains were ESBL positive and quinolone resistant. ESBL production was evaluated by the double disc synergy test. The clonal proximity of the isolates was determined with Rep-PCR method. Results: Fifty-two (54.2%) of the 96 isolates were isolated from nosocomial infections, and 44 (45.8%) were isolated from community- acquired infections. Three common risk factors for ESBL-positive E.coli infections were identified. The most common risk factor was hospitalization in the last 6 months. The Rep-PCR technique detected 29 clones, of which nine were major clones and 20 were sporadic. Conclusion: The identification of clonal relationships using Rep-PCR can reveal the source of infections and means of dissemination. Community-acquired isolates that cause infections may be associated with hospitalization. Strains colonized in hospital for along time can increase infections in various departments. An increase in the resistance to any drug in any unit of a hospital may be the harbinger of a pandemic. The source of infection and ways of spread can be identified most accurately by the demonstration of clonal relationships.Öğe MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND RISK FACTORS IN EXTENDED-SPECTRUM BETA LACTAMASE POSITIVE AND QUINOLONE-RESISTANT ESCHERICHIA COLI STRAINS ISOLATED FROM URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS(Carbone Editore, 2015) Kilinc, Cetin; Inci, Melek; Yula, Erkan; Ozer, Burcin; Duran, Nizami; Durmaz, Suleyman; Kaya, Yusuf SelimIntroduction: The study was designed to investigate the epidemiology, risk factors, and clonal relationships in extended-spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL)-positive and quinolone resistant Escherichia coli strains isolated from urinary tract infections. Materials and methods: The study included 96 E. coli strains isolated from urine samples and identified as the infection agent. All the strains were ESBL positive and quinolone resistant. ESBL production was evaluated by the double disc synergy test. The clonal proximity of the isolates was determined with Rep-PCR method. Results: Fifty-two (54.2%) of the 96 isolates were isolated from nosocomial infections, and 44 (45.8%) were isolated from community-acquired infections. Three common risk factors for ESBL-positive E.coli infections were identified. The most common risk factor was hospitalization in the last 6 months. The Rep-PCR technique detected 29 clones, of which nine were major clones and 20 were sporadic. Conclusion: The identification of clonal relationships using Rep-PCR can reveal the source of infections and means of dissemination. Community-acquired isolates that cause infections may be associated with hospitalization. Strains colonized in hospital for along time can increase infections in various departments. An increase in the resistance to any drug in any unit of a hospital may be the harbinger of a pandemic. The source of infection and ways of spread can be identified most accurately by the demonstration of clonal relationships.Öğe The Role of Topical Thymoquinone in the Treatment of Acute Otitis Externa; an Experimental Study in Rats(Aves, 2018) Demirel, Hasan; Arli, Cengiz; Ozgur, Tumay; Inci, Melek; Dokuyucu, RecepOBJECTIVE: The aim of this experimental study was to compare the dose-related effect of topical thymoquinone (TO) with other topical agents used in the management of acute otitis externa (AOE) in a rat model. MATERIALS and METHODS: Forty-eight male Wistar albino rats were divided into six groups each with eight rats per group. Group I was the control group with no external otitis, whereas external otitis wee created in the other five groups (study groups). Dexamethasone, 0.1%TQ, 0.4% TQ, ciprofloxacin, and 0.9% saline (NaCl) drops was applied once daily in Groups II-VI, respectively. The treatment was administered regularly for 10 days. Pathologic and microbiologic evaluation were performed. Pathologically, the thicknesses of the stroma and the epithelium in the external auditory canal (EAC) were measured using an occulometer. Edema in the stroma, density of inflammatory cells and blood vessels, presence of fibroblasts, and changes in collagen fibers in the EAC were evaluated in five different areas to obtain the area of highest concentration and classified into four grades (0=no change, 1=mild, 2=moderate, 3=severe). RESULTS:The higher concentration of TO (0.4%) was more effective than dexamethasone and 0.1% TO with respect to antibacterial and the anti-inflammatory properties. CONCLUSION: TO, particularly at a concentration of 0.4%, may be considered for topical application alone in the treatment of AOE, without any requirement for a combined treatment.Öğe Seropositivity of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C in women who were admitted to Hatay Maternity and Children's Hospital(Galenos Yayincilik, 2010) Motor, Vicdan Koksaldi; Evirgen, Omer; Aksakal, Mehmet; Inci, Melek; Onlen, Yusuf; Ocak, SabahattinThe aim of this study was to investigate the rates of HBsAg and anti-HCV seropositivity in women in reproductive age group who were applied to our provincial maternity hospital between January 01 and December 31, 2009. Levels of HBsAg and anti-HCV determined with chemiluminescence immunoassay (Architect i2000, Abbott, USA) method were evaluated retrospectively. A total of 5410 women out of 13065 women included in the study were followed-up for pregnancy. For HBsAg, 12969 samples were analyzed and 203 (1.6%) of these samples were positive; for anti-HCV, 12784 samples were analyzed and 55 (0.4%) of these samples were positive. HBsAg and anti-HCV serology were positive in 81 (1.5%) and in 16 (0.3%) of the pregnant women, respectively. Among age groups, a significant difference was determined for HBsAg positivity, but a significant difference was not observed for anti-HCV positivity. In conclusion, all pregnant women with positive serology should be educated for precaution during delivery. Hospitals should be controlled regularly.Öğe The Seropositivity of Parvovirus B19 in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis(Aves, 2014) Motor, Vicdan Koksaldi; Ustun, Nilgun; Evirgen, Omer; Inci, Melek; Yula, Erkan; Onlen, YusufObjective: Parvovirus B19 is one of the most common causes of viral arthritis, which suggests that it can be a significant factor in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis. The aim of the present study was to investigate the seropositivity of parvovirus B19 in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Material and Methods: The patient group consisted of 43 patients with ankylosing spondylitis; the control group consisted of 70 subjects who did not have any bone joints complaints. Anti-parvovirus B19 IgM and IgG antibodies were measured by ELISA. Results: Parvovirus B19 IgM antibody positivity in patients with AS was significantly higher than that in the control group (p<0.001). Conclusion: The high frequency of anti-parvovirus B19 IgM positivity in patients with AS suggests that the virus reactivates or persists in these patients due to immuno deficiency.
